系统调用---shell中的“ls -al“ 命令的实现，递归打印文件

、递归打印文件夹

#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<dirent.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<unistd.h>

void printDir(char *dirname) {
    
    char pathname[1024];
    DIR *dir;
    struct dirent *dp;
    
    struct stat st;

    if(!(dir=opendir(dirname))) {//打开一个目录
       perror("opendir");
       exit(1);
    }
    while(dp = readdir(dir)) {
       
        if(!strcmp(dp->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(dp->d_name,"..")) continue;
        sprintf(pathname, "%s/%s", dirname, dp->d_name);//拼接，获得当前文件路径
        if(stat(pathname, &st) < 0) {
            perror("stat");
            exit(1);
        }

        if(S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {//判断是否是文件夹
            printDir(pathname);
        }
        printf("%s\t", dp->d_name);//打印目录下下的文件名
    }
    putchar(10);//换行
    closedir(dir);

}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    
    if(argc < 2) {
        printf("usage:cmd + filename\n");
        return 1;
    }
    printDir(argv[1]);
    return 0;
}

仔细观察，可以发现，文件确实一层一层的打印出来了；

3、实现ls

• 相关函数的使用，可以将光标移动到该函数，然后在命令模式键盘下输入K即可查看

#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<dirent.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<pwd.h>
#include<grp.h>
#include<time.h>


void ls_al(char *path) {
    if (chdir(path) < 0) {
        perror("path");
    }

    DIR *dir = opendir(".");//当前路径
    
    struct dirent *dir_info ;
    struct stat info_buf;
    char file_type = '-';//记录文件类型
    char power[10] = "---------";//权限的字符数组

    while(dir_info = readdir(dir)) {
        
        if(stat(dir_info->d_name , &info_buf) < 0) {
            perror("stat");
            exit(1);
        }

        switch(info_buf.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
            case S_IFSOCK:
                file_type = 's';
                break;
            case S_IFLNK:
                file_type = 'l';
                break;
            case S_IFREG:
                file_type = '-';
                break;
            case S_IFBLK:
                file_type = 'b';
                break;
            case S_IFDIR:
                file_type = 'd';
                break;
            case S_IFCHR:
                file_type = 'c';
                break;
            case S_IFIFO:
                file_type = 'p';
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }

        power[0] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IRUSR ?'r':'-';
        power[1] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IWUSR ?'w':'-';
        power[2] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IXUSR ?'x':'-';

        power[3] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IRGRP ?'r':'-';
        power[4] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IRGRP ?'w':'-';
        power[5] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IRGRP ?'x':'-';

        power[6] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IROTH ?'r':'-';
        power[7] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IROTH ?'w':'-';
        power[8] = info_buf.st_mode & S_IROTH ?'x':'-';

        struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(info_buf.st_uid);//用户信息
        struct group *grp = getgrgid(info_buf.st_gid);//组信息
        struct tm *mtime = localtime(&info_buf.st_mtime);//当前时间

        printf("%c%s %3d %s %s %8d %4d-%02d-%02d %2d:%02d:%02d %s\n",
               file_type,//文件类型
               power , //权限
               info_buf.st_nlink,//硬链接
               pwd->pw_name,//用户名
               grp->gr_name,//所属组名
               info_buf.st_size,//文件大小
               //info_buf.st_mtime,
               mtime->tm_year + 1900,
               mtime->tm_mon + 1,
               mtime->tm_mday,
               mtime->tm_hour,
               mtime->tm_min,
               mtime->tm_sec,
               dir_info->d_name);


    }
    return ;
}




int main(int argc, char **argv) {

    if(argc != 2) {
        printf("usage:cmd + pathname\n");
        return 1;
    }

    ls_al(argv[1]);

    return 0;
}

2021-08-25