设计模式--简单工厂模式代码详解

项目中要实现一个功能，功能具体为，选择不同的邮件名称，产生不同的邮件模板。
功能图例

实现思路上，想到了通过简单工厂模式，简单工厂模式只关心产出的产品不关心实现过程，只需要传入一个类型吗，就能得到想要的结果，十分符合开闭原则。

下面是该功能的UML类图

首先，定义一个抽象的父类 IShMessageEmailService
然后定义实现类 ShMessageEmailEtaService 及 ShMessageEmailEtdService
最后定义工厂类 ShipMessageEmailFactory 工厂类接受一个类型码参数，用来判定产生哪个产品。对于新手小白想更轻松的学好Java提升，Java架构，web开发、大数据，数据分析,人工智能等技术，这里给大家分享系统教学资源，扩列下我尉（同英）：CGMX9880 【教程/工具/方法/解疑】

代码如下

public interface IShMessageEmailService {
public String getMessageText(ShDynamic dynamic, SailingSchedule sailingSchedule, String messageType);
}

@Service
public class ShMessageEmailEtaService extends BusinessService implements IShMessageEmailService {

@Autowired
private ShManifestCargoService shManifestCargoService;
@Autowired
private ShipPortService shipPortService;

@Override
public String getMessageText(ShDynamic dynamic, SailingSchedule sailingSchedule, String messageType) {
    ShManifestCargo shManifestCargo = shManifestCargoService.findImpCargoAndBlNo(sailingSchedule.getId());
    String loadPortCode = "";
    String loadPortName = "";
    String dischargePortCode = "";
    String dischargePortName = "";
    String loadPortCnName = "";
    String dischargePortCnName = "";
    String cargoDesc = "";
    String blNo = "";
    BigDecimal grossWeight = new BigDecimal(0);
    if (shManifestCargo != null) {
        if (shManifestCargo.getCargoDesc() != null) {
            cargoDesc = shManifestCargo.getCargoDesc();
        }
    }
    //装货港
    if (shManifestCargo != null) {
        blNo = shManifestCargo.getBlNo();
        if (shManifestCargo.getGrossWeight() != null) {
            grossWeight = shManifestCargo.getGrossWeight();
        }
        loadPortCode = shManifestCargo.getLoadPortCode();
        dischargePortCode = shManifestCargo.getDischargePortCode();
        if (loadPortCode != null) {
            ShipPort shipPort = shipPortService.findByPortCode(loadPortCode);
            loadPortName = shipPort.getName();
            if (shipPort.getCountryCode() != null) {
                loadPortCnName = shipPort.getCountryCode();
            }
        }
        if (dischargePortCode != null) {
            ShipPort shipPort = shipPortService.findByPortCode(dischargePortCode);
            dischargePortName = shipPort.getName();
            if (shipPort.getCountryCode() != null) {
                dischargePortCnName = shipPort.getCountryCode();
            }
        }
    }
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    sb.append("Dear " + (sailingSchedule.getFirstClientName() == null ? "" : sailingSchedule.getFirstClientName()) + "\n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Mt. Morning Calm " + sailingSchedule.getShipEnName() + "\n");
    sb.append("=== Cargo: " + cargoDesc + "=== \n");

    if ("".equals(loadPortCode) || "".equals(loadPortCnName)) {
        sb.append("Port of Loading: " + loadPortName + loadPortCnName + "\n");
    } else {
        sb.append("Port of Loading: " + loadPortName + "," + loadPortCnName + "\n");
    }
    if ("".equals(dischargePortCode) || "".equals(dischargePortCnName)) {
        sb.append("Port of Discharging: " + dischargePortName + dischargePortCnName + "\n");
    } else {
        sb.append("Port of Discharging: " + dischargePortName + "," + dischargePortCnName + "\n");
    }
    if ("".equals(blNo)) {
        if (grossWeight.compareTo(new BigDecimal(0)) == 0) {
            sb.append("B/L Quantity: \n");

        } else {
            sb.append("B/L Quantity:" + grossWeight + "KGS\n");
        }
    } else {
        if (grossWeight.compareTo(new BigDecimal(0)) == 0) {
            sb.append("B/L Quantity:" + blNo + "\n");

        } else {
            sb.append("B/L Quantity:" + blNo + "," + grossWeight + "KGS\n");
        }
    }
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   Arrived Guishan p/stn\n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   Dropped anchor & NOR tendered\n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   POB\n");
    // 靠泊时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   First line ashored\n");
    // ALL FAST
    sb.append("--/-/-   All line fasted at wharf No.4\n");
    // 开始联检时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   Free pratique granted\n");
    // 开工时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   Estimated time of discharging commence\n");
    // 预计完工时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   Estimated time of discharging complete\n");
    // 预计离泊时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   ETD (Subject to discharging & Main Channel traffic control) \n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Arrival conditions:\n");
    // 抵港油水FO DO FW
    BigDecimal arrvFo = dynamic.getArrvFo();
    BigDecimal arrvDo = dynamic.getArrvDo();
    BigDecimal arrvFw = dynamic.getArrvFw();
    sb.append("Bunker - FO:" + (arrvFo == null ? "" : arrvFo) + "MTS/DO:" + (arrvDo == null ? "" : arrvDo) + "MTS/FW:" + (arrvFw == null ? "" : arrvFw) + "MTS \n");
    // 抵港吃水F A
    BigDecimal arrvDraughtf = dynamic.getArrvDraughtf();
    BigDecimal arrvDraughta = dynamic.getArrvDraughta();
    sb.append("Draft -  F:" + (arrvDraughtf == null ? "" : arrvDraughtf) + "M/A:" + (arrvDraughta == null ? "" : arrvDraughta) + "M \n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Remark:\n");
    sb.append("1.Vessel can (un)berth at Xiaohu terminal only in daytime.\n");
    sb.append("2.Vessel can (un)berth only against ebb tide.\n");
    sb.append("3.Two tugboats assist berthing. \n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Thank you for your kind agency appointment.If any inquries pls be free let me know. \n");
    sb.append("We respectfully remind you to also email the relevant information to the operator in charge of this voyage and do not reply this system email. \n");
    return sb.toString();
}

}

@Service
public class ShMessageEmailEtdService extends BusinessService implements IShMessageEmailService {

@Autowired
private ShManifestCargoService shManifestCargoService;
@Autowired
private ShipPortService shipPortService;

@Override
public String getMessageText(ShDynamic dynamic, SailingSchedule sailingSchedule, String messageType) {
    ShManifestCargo shManifestCargo = shManifestCargoService.findExpCargoAndBlNo(sailingSchedule.getId());
    String loadPortCode = "";
    String loadPortName = "";
    String dischargePortCode = "";
    String dischargePortName = "";
    String loadPortCnName = "";
    String dischargePortCnName = "";
    String cargoDesc = "";
    String blNo = "";
    BigDecimal grossWeight = new BigDecimal(0);
    if(shManifestCargo!=null){
        if(shManifestCargo.getCargoDesc()!=null){
            cargoDesc = shManifestCargo.getCargoDesc();
        }
    }

    //装货港
    if (shManifestCargo!=null) {
        blNo = shManifestCargo.getBlNo();
        if(shManifestCargo.getGrossWeight()!=null){
            grossWeight = shManifestCargo.getGrossWeight();
        }
        loadPortCode = shManifestCargo.getLoadPortCode();
        dischargePortCode = shManifestCargo.getDischargePortCode();
        if (loadPortCode != null) {
            ShipPort shipPort = shipPortService.findByPortCode(loadPortCode);
            loadPortName = shipPort.getName();
            if(shipPort.getCountryCode()!=null){
                loadPortCnName = shipPort.getCountryCode();
            }
        }
        if (dischargePortCode != null) {
            ShipPort shipPort = shipPortService.findByPortCode(dischargePortCode);
            dischargePortName = shipPort.getName();
            if(shipPort.getCountryCode()!=null){
                dischargePortCnName = shipPort.getCountryCode();
            }
        }
    }
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    sb.append("Dear " + (sailingSchedule.getFirstClientName() == null ? "" : sailingSchedule.getFirstClientName()) + "\n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Mt. Morning Calm " + sailingSchedule.getShipEnName() + "\n");
    sb.append("=== Cargo: " + cargoDesc + "=== \n");

    if ("".equals(loadPortCode) || "".equals(loadPortCnName)) {
        sb.append("Port of Loading: " + loadPortName + loadPortCnName + "\n");
    } else {
        sb.append("Port of Loading: " + loadPortName + "," + loadPortCnName + "\n");
    }
    if ("".equals(dischargePortCode) || "".equals(dischargePortCnName)) {
        sb.append("Port of Discharging: " + dischargePortName + dischargePortCnName + "\n");
    } else {
        sb.append("Port of Discharging: " + dischargePortName + "," + dischargePortCnName + "\n");
    }

// sb.append(“Pls B Advd Abv Vsl’s Arriving Conditon Asfs:\n”);
if ("".equals(blNo)) {
if(grossWeight.compareTo(new BigDecimal(0))==0) {
sb.append(“B/L Quantity: \n”);

        }else{
            sb.append("B/L Quantity:"+ grossWeight + "KGS\n");
        }
    }else{
        if(grossWeight.compareTo(new BigDecimal(0))==0) {
            sb.append("B/L Quantity:" + blNo + "\n");

        }else{
            sb.append("B/L Quantity:" + blNo + "," + grossWeight + "KGS\n");
        }
    }
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   Arrived Guishan p/stn\n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   Dropped anchor & NOR tendered\n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   POB\n");
    // 靠泊时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   First line ashored\n");
    // ALL FAST
    sb.append("--/-/-   All line fasted\n");
    // 开始联检时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   Free pratique granted\n");
    // 开工时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   Hose on\n");
    // 预计完工时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   Discharging commenced\n");
    // 预计离泊时间
    sb.append("--/-/-   Discharging completed \n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   Vapour pushing completed \n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   Hose off \n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   Outbound pilot on board \n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   Sailed from Nansha \n");
    sb.append("--/-/-   ETA Tokuyama \n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Arrival conditions:\n");
    // 抵港油水FO DO FW
    BigDecimal arrvFo = dynamic.getArrvFo();
    BigDecimal arrvDo = dynamic.getArrvDo();
    BigDecimal arrvFw = dynamic.getArrvFw();
    sb.append("Bunker - FO:" + (arrvFo == null ? "" : arrvFo) + "MTS/DO:" + (arrvDo == null ? "" : arrvDo) + "MTS/FW:" + (arrvFw == null ? "" : arrvFw) + "MTS\n");
    // 抵港吃水F A
    BigDecimal arrvDraughtf = dynamic.getArrvDraughtf();
    BigDecimal arrvDraughta = dynamic.getArrvDraughta();
    sb.append("Draft -  F:" + (arrvDraughtf == null ? "" : arrvDraughtf) + "M/A:" + (arrvDraughta == null ? "" : arrvDraughta) + "M\n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Departure conditions:\n");

    // 离港油水FO DO FW
    BigDecimal deptFo = dynamic.getDeptFo();
    BigDecimal deptDo = dynamic.getDeptDo();
    BigDecimal deptFw = dynamic.getDeptFw();
    sb.append("Bunker - FO:" + (deptFo == null ? "" : deptFo) + "MTS/DO:" + (deptDo == null ? "" : deptDo) + "MTS/FW:" + (deptFw == null ? "" : deptFw) + "MTS \n");
    // 离港吃水F A
    BigDecimal deptDraughtf = dynamic.getDeptDraughtf();
    BigDecimal deptDraughta = dynamic.getDeptDraughta();
    sb.append("Draft -  F:" + (deptDraughtf == null ? "" : deptDraughtf) + "M/A:" + (deptDraughta == null ? "" : deptDraughta) + "M \n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Remark:\n");
    sb.append("1.Vessel can (un)berth at Xiaohu terminal only in daytime.\n");
    sb.append("2.Vessel can (un)berth only against ebb tide.\n");
    sb.append("3.Two tugboats assist berthing. \n");
    sb.append("4.One tugboat assist unberthing. \n");
    sb.append("\n");
    sb.append("Thanks again for your kind agency appointment.If any inquries pls be free let me know.\n");
    sb.append("We respectfully remind you to also email the relevant information to the operator in charge of this voyage and do not reply this system email. \n");
    return sb.toString();
}

}

@Service
public class ShipMessageEmailFactory {
public static final String ETA_MESSAGE = “etaMessage”;
public static final String ETD_MESSAGE = “etdMessage”;
public static final String PROGRESS_MESSAGE = “progressMessage”;
@Autowired
private ShMessageEmailEtaService shMessageEmailEtaService;
@Autowired
private ShMessageEmailEtdService shMessageEmailEtdService;

public IShMessageEmailService createProduct(String messageType) {
    if (messageType.equals(ETA_MESSAGE)) {
        return shMessageEmailEtaService;
    } else if (messageType.equals(ETD_MESSAGE)) {
        return shMessageEmailEtdService;
    }
    return null;
}

}

//调用该方法
@RequestMapping(value = “query_email_model”, method = {RequestMethod.GET})
public SailingQueryEntity queryEmailModel(@RequestParam(“id”) String id, @RequestParam(“messageType”) String messageType) {
SailingQueryEntity entity = new SailingQueryEntity();
SailingSchedule sailingSchedule = service.find(SailingSchedule.class, id);
List dynamic = shipDynamicService.findBySailingScheduleId(id);
ShDynamic dynamicEntity = dynamic.get(0);
String text = “”;
if(!messageType.equals(shipMessageEmailFactory.PROGRESS_MESSAGE)){
IShMessageEmailService shMessageEmailService = shipMessageEmailFactory.createProduct(messageType);
text = shMessageEmailService.getMessageText(dynamicEntity, sailingSchedule, messageType);
}
entity.setArrivedText(text);
return entity;
}
需要注意的是，一般简单工厂模式的工厂类都是使用static进行修饰，即静态方法。但是我在使用static进行修饰时，却报错，原因是，通过spring管理的service不是静态的，而静态方法，要求返回值必须是静态的才行，将static去掉可以了。简单工厂模式很简单，不属于23中设计模式，但是对于软件的拓展性，确是十分重要。