学习Linux From Scratch的部分总结记录

学习Linux From Scratch的部分总结记录

今天上午终于解决了最后一个错误，使得LFS终于可以正常启动运行了。前前后后折腾了10来天左右，感觉辛苦，累；但真心有收获，接触了各种诡异的命令，还有各种诡异的系统启动时需要的文件。之前一直在使用debian，学习如何使用linux，真正了解并熟悉这个系统，我想这个--Linux From Scratch，是不可缺少的。

今天上午的最后一个错误是：在登录时，输入用户名和密码之后，bash提示：cannot execute /bin/bash ：No such file or directory错误。在网络google了一下，看了十个八个的网页，终于发现一个博客上也记录到这种错误，不是之前我认为的bash配置错误，而是/etc/passwd文件写错了，在passwd文件第一行：root:x:0:0:root/root:/bin/bash，之后被我添加了一个空格，习惯性的敲完一句后，敲了一个空格。唉，错误的习惯害死人。那行最后是不能有空格的。。。。。

还有之前出现的gpm错误，也是由于/etc/sysconfig/mouse配置文件写错了，出现了MDEVICE无法获取的错误。最后还是删除了那个配置文件，重写了。

最郁闷的一个认知是：linux不是一个系统，是一个内核。要知道，我之前天天嘴巴上喊：“linux系统”，丢大发了都。

几个注意点：

1.得熟悉linux的命令，这样才能区分命令中的数字“1”和字母“l“。太损了........

2.工具链的编译调整，要非常小心，我错了两次，非常细微，汗....

3.编译tcl时出现139错误，就是前期的工具链的错误....

4.最坑人的，小破本上在虚拟机里编译gcc，居然花了3hours还多；在台式机上编译，需要1hours不到，直接就宣判俺的小破本该报废了不是....

5.出现错误，学着利用google去查主题的邮件列表还有相关错误文章，尽管有些是英文的。因为通常我们都不是第一个犯那种错误的人，外国人也一样啊，哈哈！如以下 Glibc make 错误：

Hello: 
I'm following book version 6.7 on host distribution lfslivecd-x86-6.3-r2145-min running in a VirtualBox VM on a Core2Duo Macbook Pro. I have attempted to not deviate from the book instructions. At this time I cannot easily run the version-check.sh script because I cannot copy/paste to the VM's console. But, I figure having progressed this far, it's probably OK.

In section 6.9 I encountered an error issuing "make install" for Glibc-2.12.1. It ran for a while then stopped with:

CC="gcc" /usr/bin/perl scripts/test-installation.pl /sources/glibc-build/usr/bin/ldd: line 126: /tmp/test-prg30149: cannot execute binary file
ldd execution failed at scripts/test-installation.pl line 182
make[1]: *** [install] Error 1

In the previous step the tests were all good except for the expected posix/annexc and a couple math tests.

Is this a show-stopper? Any suggestions as to how to proceed?


Thank you.


-Casey
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) Casey,

Hmm... it appears that you didn't run one of the commands given in the
book.

QUOTING FROM THE BOOK: Section 6.9

When running *make install*, a script called test-installation.pl performs a
small sanity test on our newly installed Glibc. However, because our
toolchain still points to the /tools directory, the sanity test would be
carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script to check the
Glibc we have just installed with the following:

DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
sed -i "s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|" \
scripts/test-installation.pl
unset DL