C# Winform实现MDI程序子窗体与主窗体菜单合并

 

这里只讲在MDI中,子菜单与父菜单合并的简单方法。

 

首先在MDI的主窗体中:

1.  在主窗体构造函数中,添加如下代码,注意要在InitializeComponent调用之后,如:

            //Add File Menu

            MenuItem miFile = mnuMain.MenuItems.Add("&File");

            miFile.MergeOrder=1;

            miFile.MergeType = MenuMerge.MergeItems;

 

            MenuItem miAddDoc = new MenuItem( "&Add Document",

                new EventHandler(this.FileAdd_Clicked),

                Shortcut.CtrlA );

            miAddDoc.MergeOrder=100;

 

            MenuItem miExit = new MenuItem( "E&xit",

                new EventHandler(this.FileExit_Clicked),

                Shortcut.CtrlX );

            miExit.MergeOrder=110;

 

            miFile.MenuItems.Add(miAddDoc);

            miFile.MenuItems.Add("-");     // Give a seperator

            miFile.MenuItems.Add(miExit);

 

            //Add Window Menu

            MenuItem miWindow = mnuMain.MenuItems.Add("&Window");

            miWindow.MergeOrder = 10;

            miWindow.MenuItems.Add( "&Cascade",

                new EventHandler(this.WindowCascade_Clicked));

            miWindow.MenuItems.Add( "Tile &Horizontal",

                new EventHandler(this.WindowTileH_Clicked));

            miWindow.MenuItems.Add( "Tile &Vertical",

                new EventHandler(this.WindowTileV_Clicked));

            miWindow.MdiList = true ; //Adds the MDI Window List to the bottom of the menu

 

2.  然后为相应的Menu_Click事件定义函数,如:

        #region MENU_CLICK_MESSAGE_HANDLE

        //File->Add Menu item handler

        protected void FileAdd_Clicked(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

            AddMDIChild() ; //Create new MDI child window

        }

 

        //File->Exit Menu item handler

        protected void FileExit_Clicked(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

            this.Close();

        }

 

        //Window->Cascade Menu item handler

        protected void WindowCascade_Clicked(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

            this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.Cascade);

        }

 

        //Window->Tile Horizontally Menu item handler

        protected void WindowTileH_Clicked(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

            this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileHorizontal);

        }

 

        //Window->Tile Vertically Menu item handler

        protected void WindowTileV_Clicked(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

            this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileVertical);

        }

        #endregion {MENU_CLICK_MESSAGE_HANDLE}

 

3.  创建子窗体,如:

        //Add a new child window if it doesnt exist; else set focus on it

        private void AddMDIChild()

        {

            // MyChildForm is the one I'm looking for

            MDIChild myMDIChild = null;

            foreach(Form f in this.MdiChildren)

            {

                if(f is MDIChild)

                {

                    // found it

                    myMDIChild = (MDIChild) f;

                    break;

                }

            }

 

            if( myMDIChild != null)

            {

                myMDIChild.Show();

                myMDIChild.Focus();

            }

            else

            {

                myMDIChild = new MDIChild();

                myMDIChild.MdiParent = this;

                myMDIChild.Show();

                myMDIChild.Focus();

            }

        }

 

当完成上面的步骤后,主窗体运行的效果如下图所示:

 

       然后在子窗体中,具体操作如下:

1.  在子窗体构造函数中,添加如下代码,同样要在InitializeComponent调用之后,如:

            //Add File Menu

            MenuItem miFile = mnuChildMain.MenuItems.Add("&File");

            miFile.MergeType = MenuMerge.MergeItems;

            miFile.MergeOrder = 1;

 

            MenuItem miLoadDoc = miFile.MenuItems.Add( "&Load Document",

                new EventHandler(this.LoadDocument_Clicked) );

            miLoadDoc.MergeOrder = 105;

 

            //Add Formatting Menu

            MenuItem miFormat = mnuChildMain.MenuItems.Add("F&ormat");

            miFormat.MergeType = MenuMerge.Add;

            miFormat.MergeOrder = 5;

 

            //Font Face sub-menu

            miSansSerif = new MenuItem("&1." + sansSerifFontFamily.Name,

                new EventHandler(this.FormatFont_Clicked));

            miSerif = new MenuItem("&2." + serifFontFamily.Name,

                new EventHandler(this.FormatFont_Clicked));

            miMonoSpace = new MenuItem("&3." + monoSpaceFontFamily.Name,

                new EventHandler(this.FormatFont_Clicked));

            miSansSerif.Checked = true ;

            miFormatFontChecked = miSansSerif ;

            miSansSerif.DefaultItem = true ;

 

            miFormat.MenuItems.Add( "Font &Face"

                , (new MenuItem[]{ miSansSerif, miSerif, miMonoSpace })

                );

 

            //Font Size sub-menu

            miSmall = new MenuItem("&Small", new EventHandler(this.FormatSize_Clicked));

            miMedium = new MenuItem("&Medium", new EventHandler(this.FormatSize_Clicked));

            miLarge = new MenuItem("&Large", new EventHandler(this.FormatSize_Clicked));

            miMedium.Checked = true ;

            miMedium.DefaultItem = true ;

            miFormatSizeChecked = miMedium ;

 

            miFormat.MenuItems.Add( "Font &Size"

                , (new MenuItem[]{ miSmall, miMedium, miLarge })

                );

 

2.  然后为相应的Menu_Click事件定义函数,如:

        #region MENU_CLICK_MESSAGE_HANDLE

        //File->Load Document Menu item handler

        protected void LoadDocument_Clicked(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

            MessageBox.Show(this.Text) ;

        }

 

        //Format->Font Menu item handler

        protected void FormatFont_Clicked(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

            MenuItem miClicked = (MenuItem)sender;

            miClicked.Checked = true;

            miFormatFontChecked.Checked = false;

            miFormatFontChecked = miClicked ;

 

            if (miClicked == miSansSerif)

            {

                currentFontFamily = sansSerifFontFamily ;

            }

            else if (miClicked == miSerif)

            {

                currentFontFamily = serifFontFamily ;

            }

            else

            {

                currentFontFamily = monoSpaceFontFamily ;

            }

 

            rtbDoc.Font = new Font(currentFontFamily, fontSize);

        }

 

        //Format->Size Menu item handler

        protected void FormatSize_Clicked(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

            MenuItem miClicked = (MenuItem)sender;

            miClicked.Checked = true;

            miFormatSizeChecked.Checked = false;

            miFormatSizeChecked = miClicked;

 

            if (miClicked == miSmall)

            {

                fontSize = FontSizes.Small ;

            }

            else if (miClicked == miLarge)

            {

                fontSize = FontSizes.Large ;

            }

            else

            {

                fontSize = FontSizes.Medium ;

            }

 

            rtbDoc.Font = new Font(currentFontFamily, fontSize);

        }

        #endregion {MENU_CLICK_MESSAGE_HANDLE}

 

3.  窗体的私有成员:

        private struct FontSizes

        {

            public static float Small = 8f;

            public static float Medium = 12f;

            public static float Large = 24f;

        }

 

        private float fontSize = FontSizes.Medium;

 

        private MenuItem miFormatFontChecked;

        private MenuItem miFormatSizeChecked;

 

        private MenuItem miSmall ;

        private MenuItem miMedium ;

        private MenuItem miLarge ;

 

        private MenuItem miSansSerif ;

        private MenuItem miSerif ;

        private MenuItem miMonoSpace ;

 

        private FontFamily currentFontFamily ;

        private FontFamily monoSpaceFontFamily;

        private FontFamily sansSerifFontFamily;

        private System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu mnuChildMain;

        private FontFamily serifFontFamily;

 

       这样,子窗体的代码也完成了,展现的效果如下图所示:

 

其实在做MDI子窗体上的菜单要和主窗体上的菜单合并,主要是设置每个菜单的MergeOrder,对于每个菜单的MergeOrder设置不同的值,从而达到合并后的效果。以下用表格说明:

主窗体MergeOrder

子窗体MergeOrder

File(1)

Window(10)

File(1)

Format(5)

AddDocument( 100)

 

Load Document(105)

 

Exit(110)

 

 

 

                     注:红色表示每个菜单的MergeOrder

合并后的效果如下:

合并后的菜单

File(1)

Format(5)

Window(10)

AddDocument( 100)

 

 

Load Document(105)

 

 

Exit(110)

 

 

                     注:红色表示每个菜单的MergeOrder

 

所以如果想在MDI子窗体上的菜单和主窗体上的菜单合并后,达到所预期的效果,就必须好好涉及它们之间的MergeOrder,大致如下:

1.             如果和主窗体原有的菜单列进行合并,首先把根菜单的MergeOrder设置与主窗体相应菜单一样的MergeOrder值,同时设置MenuItemMergeTypeMenuMerge.MergeItems,合并后在此列菜单中的位置,就看每个菜单的MergeOrder了。

2.             如果想在主窗体添加新的菜单列,MenuItemMergeTypeMenuMerge. Add,菜单列插入的位置,要看其MergeOrder了。

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