linux CentOS7 Mariadb高可用MHA

目录

一、概述

二、操作步骤

搭建主master

 搭建从slave1，slave2

搭建MHA

测试​​​​​​​

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一、概述

MHA（MasterHigh Availability）是一套优秀的MySQL高可用环境下故障切换和主从复制的软件。

MHA 的出现就是解决MySQL 单点的问题。

MySQL故障切换过程中，MHA能做到0-30秒内自动完成故障切换操作。

MHA能在故障切换的过程中最大程度上保证数据的一致性，以达到真正意义上的高可用。

二、操作步骤

环境

主master 192.168.115.130

从slave1 192.168.115.131

从slave1 192.168.115.132

manager 192.168.115.128

4台主机实现ssh免密登录

 ssh-keygen

ssh-copy-id  192.168.115.130

ssh-copy-id  192.168.115.128

ssh-copy-id  192.168.115.132

ssh-copy-id  192.168.115.131

搭建主master

yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

 修改mariadb配置文件这个是主master的配置文件路径/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
server-id = 10
log-bin = master-bin
log-slave-updates = true

 启动master上的mdbmariadb

 systemctl start mariadb

 给root用户增加密码

 mysqladmin -uroot password '123.com'

创建slave从用户

 mysql -uroot -p123,com -e "grant replication slave on *.* to 'myslave'@'192.168.115.%' identified by '123.com';"

创建远程链接用户

mysql -uroot -p123,com -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.115.%' identified by '123.com';"
mysql -uroot -p123,com -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.115.128' identified by '123.com';"
mysql -uroot -p123,com -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.115.131' identified by '123.com';"
mysql -uroot -p123,com -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.115.132' identified by '123.com';"

 mysql  -uroot -p123,com  -e "show slave status"

 搭建从slave1，slave2

 yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

 配置slave1的/etc/my.cnf

server-id=20
log-bin=master-bin
relay-log=relay-log-bin
relay-log-index=relay-log-bin.index

 重启mariadb

创建slave1从用户

mysql -e "grant replication slave on *.* to 'myslave'@'192.168.115.%' identified by '123.com' ;"

 创建远程用户

mysql  -uroot -p123.com -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.115.%' identified by '123.com';"
mysql -uroot -p123.com -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.115.128' identified by '123.com';"
mysql -uroot -p123.com -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.115.131' identified by '123.com';"
mysql -uroot -p123.com -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'mha'@'192.168.115.132' identified by '123.com';"

 指定master主

mysql -uroot -p123.com -e "change master to master_host='192.168.115.130',master_
user='myslave',master_password='123.com',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=245;"

创建slave2从用户,和上面slave1的操作意义，但是/etc/my.cnf   server-id 不要和slave1重复

配置完启动slave

mysql -uroo -p123.com "slave start"

mysql -uroot -p123.com " show slave status \G"

 测试主master创建cs1库，看看slave1和slave2有没有同步

mysql -uroot -p123.com “create database cs1” 

 slave1和slave2查看同步

mysql -uroot -p123.com “show databases” 

 主从复制成功

搭建MHA

所有节点安装perl环境

yum install epel-release -y
yum -y install perl-DBD-MySQL perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker perl-Config-Tiny perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Time-HiRes perl-CPAN

所有节点安装node/由于我已经有tar包，所以直接解压安装（所有的节点安装操作一样的）

tar xf mha4mysql-node-0.57.tar.gz
cd mha4mysql-node-0.57
perl Makefile.PL && make && make install

 看到脚本就OK

cd /usr/local/bin 

 安装manager

tar xf mha4mysql-manager-0.57.tar.gz
cd /root/mha4mysql-manager-0.57
perl Makefile.PL && make && make install

cp sample/scripts/master_ip_failover /usr/local/bin/
cp sample/scripts/master_ip_online_change     /usr/local/bin/

 脚本说明

master_ip_failover    自动切换时 VIP 管理的脚本
master_ip_online_change    在线切换时 vip 的管理
power_manager    故障发生后关闭主机的脚本
send_report    因故障切换后发送报警的脚本

 配置master_ip_failover 

#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings FATAL => 'all';

use Getopt::Long;

my (
$command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,
$orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port
);
#############################添加内容部分#########################################
my $vip = '192.168.115.200';                                #指定vip的地址
my $brdc = '192.168.115.255';                                #指定vip的广播地址
my $ifdev = 'ens33';                                        #指定vip绑定的网卡
my $key = '1';                                                #指定vip绑定的虚拟网卡序列号
my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key $vip";        #代表此变量值为ifconfig ens33:1 192.168.184.200
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key down";        #代表此变量值为ifconfig ens33:1 192.168.184.200 down
my $exit_code = 0;                                            #指定退出状态码为0
#my $ssh_start_vip = "/usr/sbin/ip addr add $vip/24 brd $brdc dev $ifdev label $ifdev:$key;/usr/sbin/arping -q -A -c 1 -I $ifdev $vip;iptables -F;";
#my $ssh_stop_vip = "/usr/sbin/ip addr del $vip/24 dev $ifdev label $ifdev:$key";
##################################################################################
GetOptions(
'command=s' => \$command,
'ssh_user=s' => \$ssh_user,
'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host,
'orig_master_ip=s' => \$orig_master_ip,
'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port,
'new_master_host=s' => \$new_master_host,
'new_master_ip=s' => \$new_master_ip,
'new_master_port=i' => \$new_master_port,
);

exit &main();

sub main {

print "\n\nIN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===\n\n";

if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {

my $exit_code = 1;
eval {
print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host \n";
&stop_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@) {
warn "Got Error: $@\n";
exit $exit_code;
}
exit $exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {

my $exit_code = 10;
eval {
print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n";
&start_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@) {
warn $@;
exit $exit_code;
}
exit $exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n";
exit 0;
}
else {
&usage();
exit 1;
}
}
sub start_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;
}
## A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_master
sub stop_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`;
}

sub usage {
print
"Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port\n";
}
 

 配置文件建立

mkdir /etc/masterha
vim /etc/masterha/app1.cnf

 [server default]
manager_log=/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log
manager_workdir=/var/log/masterha/app1
master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data
master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
master_ip_online_change_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_change
password=manager
ping_interval=1
remote_workdir=/tmp
repl_password=123.com
repl_user=mha
secondary_check_script=/usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s 192.168.115.131 -s 192.168.115.132
shutdown_script=""
ssh_user=root
user=mha

[server1]
hostname=192.168.115.130
port=3306

[server2]
candidate_master=1
check_repl_delay=0
hostname=192.168.115.131
port=3306

[server3]
hostname=192.168.115.132
port=3306

mkdir  -p /var/log/masterha/app1 

 测试MHA

masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf

 masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf

 启动命令

nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &
 

测试

停用master的mariadb服务，我们看看下面结果，可以看到app1已经没有130了，slave1也增加了200的ip