buglist: django-mysql 增删改查功能

错误列表：

1、Invalid block tag on line 13: 'article.title', expected 'empty' or 'endfor'. Did you forget to register or load this tag?

2、{% include "article.html" %}引入页面  为什么内容为空，单独创建一个url 打开就没问题

3、django  多个条件查询 TypeError: Object of type 'QuerySet' is not JSON serializable

4、django  多个条件查询 django.core.exceptions.FieldError: Cannot resolve keyword 'depart' into field. Choices are: author, id, name

5、django  多个条件查询 django.core.exceptions.FieldError: Related Field got invalid lookup: contains

6、module.py 反向关联报错

7、多对多关联 ERRORS:<class 'proApp.admin.AuthorAdmin'>: (admin.E109) The value of 'list_display[8]' must not be a ManyToManyField. 

8、通过接口获取数据库数据，某字段是多对多关系，报错TypeError: Object of type 'ManyRelatedManager' is not JSON serializable

9、通过接口获取数据库数据，某字段是一对多关系，报错TypeError: Object of type 'Publisher' is not JSON serializable

10、多对多 修改数据：TypeError: Direct assignment to the forward side of a many-to-many set is prohibited. Use author.set() instead.

11 、主键由自增改为手动：django.db.utils.InternalError: (1833, "Cannot change column 'id': used in a foreign key constraint 'proApp_author_book_book_id_b4feaab6_fk_proApp_book_id' of table 'python_sql.proapp_author_book'")

 

1、Invalid block tag on line 13: 'article.title', expected 'empty' or 'endfor'. Did you forget to register or load this tag?

<ul>

    {% for article in article_list %}

        <li>

            <h3>{{ article.title }}</h3>

            <p>{{ article.content }}</p>

        </li>

    {% endfor %}

</ul>

注意：

for循环语句 ：{%  %}

字段取值： {{   }}

效果图如下所示：

 

2、{% include "article.html" %}

引入页面  为什么内容为空，单独创建一个url 打开就没问题

 

def showArticle(request):

    from proApp import models

    article_list = models.Article.objects.all()

    return render(request,"article.html",{"article_list":article_list})

解决办法：

不需要在 def 中return render(返回的是代码片段)。正确代码如下：

def addArticle(request):

    title = request.POST.get("title")

    content = request.POST.get("content")

    dic = {'title': title, 'content': content}

    models.Article.objects.create(**dic)

    return HttpResponse("文章添加成功！")          // 返回的即是ajax 获得data

 

3、django  多个条件查询

问题1：TypeError: Object of type 'QuerySet' is not JSON serializable

解决办法： https://blog.csdn.net/teavamc/article/details/77777301

 

问题2：中文获得的是unicode

解决办法：序列化时添加第三个参数 ensure_ascii

articleList = serializers.serialize("json",models.Article.objects.filter(title__contains=title).filter(content__contains=content),ensure_ascii=False)

 

问题3：ajax获取的list数据 并不是对象形式 https://www.jb51.net/article/136971.htm

解决办法：字符串 -> 字典形式

articleList = serializers.serialize("json",models.Article.objects.filter(title__contains=title).filter(content__contains=content),ensure_ascii=False)

articleList = json.loads(articleList)

data = {

    'ret': {

        'success': True,

        'retCode': 200,

        'retMsg': "文章查询成功！"

    },

    'list': articleList

}

return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data), content_type='application/json; charset=utf-8')

 

4、django  多个条件查询 

问题：django.core.exceptions.FieldError: Cannot resolve keyword 'depart' into field. Choices are: author, id, name

 

解决办法：

表连错了 

 

5、django  多个条件查询

问题：django.core.exceptions.FieldError: Related Field got invalid lookup: contains

解决办法：contains 是模糊搜索，这里部门值是绝对搜索

depart = request.POST.get("depart")

search_sql = search_sql.filter(name__contains=name).filter(depart=depart)

 

6、module.py 反向关联报错：

解决办法： 添加 related_name

class Book(models.Model):

    author = models.ManyToManyField(Author,null=True,related_name='book_author')


class Author(models.Model):

    book = models.ManyToManyField('Book',null=True,related_name='author_book')

 

7、ERRORS:<class 'proApp.admin.AuthorAdmin'>: (admin.E109) The value of 'list_display[8]' must not be a ManyToManyField. 

admin.py： list_display 不可以输出多对多关系表的字段

解决办法：list_display 字段展示上不要加入 多对多关系的字段

 

8、通过接口获取数据库数据，某字段是多对多关系，报错TypeError: Object of type 'ManyRelatedManager' is not JSON serializable

解决办法：json.loads(serializers.serialize())  转一下数据类型即可

def getBook(request):

    if request.method == "GET":

        page = int(request.GET.get('page',''))-1

        rows = int(request.GET.get('rows',''))

        list = models.Book.objects.all().order_by("-id")

        allList = []

        for li in list:

            author_list = json.loads(serializers.serialize("json", li.author.all(), ensure_ascii=False))

            author_name = ''

            author_id = []

            for a in author_list:

                author_id.append(a['pk'])

                author_name += a['fields']['name'] + '、'

           

            allList.append({

                "id": li.id,

                "name": li.name,

                "price": li.price,

                "saleNum": li.saleNum,

                "publisher": li.publisher,

                "author_id": author_id,

                "author": author_name,

                "publish_date": json.loads(json.dumps(li.publish_date, cls=DateEncoder)),

            })

        total = len(allList)

        p = Datagrid()

        json_data_list = p.page(page, rows, total, allList)

        print (json_data_list)

        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(json_data_list), content_type='application/json; charset=utf-8')

 

9、通过接口获取数据库数据，某字段是一对多关系，报错TypeError: Object of type 'Publisher' is not JSON serializable

解决办法：

数据原始字段：li.publisher， 但是因为是ForeignKey关联其他表所得数据，并且默认外键为id

allList.append({

    "id": li.id,

    "name": li.name,

    "price": li.price,

    "saleNum": li.saleNum,

    "publisher": li.publisher_id,

    "publish_date": json.loads(json.dumps(li.publish_date, cls=DateEncoder)),

})

 

 

10、多对多：TypeError: Direct assignment to the forward side of a many-to-many set is prohibited. Use author.set() instead.

解决办法：

1.getlist()

2.author[]

authors_list = request.POST.getlist("author[]")

11 、主键由自增改为手动：django.db.utils.InternalError: (1833, "Cannot change column 'id': used in a foreign key constraint 'proApp_author_book_book_id_b4feaab6_fk_proApp_book_id' of table 'python_sql.proapp_author_book'")

class Book(models.Model):
    id = models.FloatField(primary_key=True)

book = models.Book.objects.all()
if len(book) > 0:
    maxId = models.Book.objects.latest('id').id
else:
    maxId = 0
maxId += 1

dic = {
    'id': maxId,
}
b1 = models.Book(**dic)