Fragment与Activity之间的数据通信方式

Fragment与Activity之间可采用以下2种方式实现数据通信

1、接口回调 

2、广播

下面通过一个Demo来展示效果。

Fragment1与Activity之间通过接口回调来实现数据通信

Fragment2与Activity之间通过广播来实现数据通信

话不多说，细节见Demo代码

MainActivity:

public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private IntentFilter mIntentFilter;
    private MyBroadcastReceiver myBroadReceiver;

    private FragmentManager mFm;
    private FragmentTransaction mTransaction;
    private Fragment1 mFragment1;
    private Fragment2 mFragment2;

    private swapDataListener mListener;
    private Button mBtn1;
    private Button mBtn2;
    private Button mBtn3;

    public void setSwapDataListener(swapDataListener listener) {
        mListener = listener;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        mFragment1 = new Fragment1();
        mFragment2 = new Fragment2();
        mFm = getSupportFragmentManager();
        mTransaction = mFm.beginTransaction();
        mTransaction.replace(R.id.content, mFragment1, "f1");
        mTransaction.commit();

        //动态注册广播
        mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        mIntentFilter.addAction("android.string");
        myBroadReceiver = new MyBroadcastReceiver();
        registerReceiver(myBroadReceiver, mIntentFilter);
    }

    private void initView() {
        mBtn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn1);
        mBtn1.setOnClickListener(this);
        mBtn2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn2);
        mBtn2.setOnClickListener(this);
        mBtn3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn3);
        mBtn3.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        FragmentManager fm=getSupportFragmentManager();
        FragmentTransaction transaction=fm.beginTransaction();

        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btn1:
                transaction.replace(R.id.content,mFragment1);
                transaction.commit();
                break;
            case R.id.btn2:
                transaction.replace(R.id.content,mFragment2);
                transaction.commit();
                break;
            case R.id.btn3:
                sendData();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    private void sendData() {
        Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                int i = 0;
                while (true) {
                    i++;
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                    }
                    mListener.swap("" + i);
                    Log.e("tag", "i=" + String.valueOf(i));
                }
            }
        });
        thread.start();
    }

    public interface swapDataListener {
        void swap(String s);
    }

    private class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Bundle data = intent.getExtras();
            ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.text)).setText(data.getString("string"));
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(myBroadReceiver);
    }
}

Fragment1:

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment implements MainActivity.swapDataListener {

    private TextView mText;
    private MainActivity mActivity;

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View v=inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1_layout,container,false);
        mText=v.findViewById(R.id.text);
        return v;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        mActivity=(MainActivity) getActivity();
        mActivity.setSwapDataListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void swap(final String s) {
        Log.e("tag","s= "+s);
        mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                mText.setText(s);
            }
        });
    }
}

Fragment2:

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {

    private TextView mText;
    private Button mBtn;

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2_layout, container, false);
        mText = v.findViewById(R.id.text);
        mBtn = v.findViewById(R.id.btn2);
        return v;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);;
        mBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent("android.string");
                intent.putExtra("string", "广播传递的字符串");
                getActivity().sendBroadcast(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

xml文件：

activity_main：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="smart.client.activity.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="@android:color/darker_gray"
        />

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:layout_height="150dp"
        android:layout_below="@id/text"
        android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_dark"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="to Fragemnt1"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/btn1"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="to Fragment2"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn3"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/btn2"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="send"/>
</RelativeLayout>