为了加强对socket及java IO流编程的回顾，本文作了一个文件传输的实例。针对java不同对IO流的不同实现，本文也分别基于BIO、NIO、AIO实现三种传输，同时本文采用了缓冲输入/输出流来包装输出流，再采用数据输入/输出输出流包装缓冲流，加快传输的速度。最后本文基于大文件对三种方式基本传输效率对比。对于每一种传输方式分别实现服务端和客户端，并通过服务端发送文件到客户端，（同理可以实现客户端到服务器端的文件发送）
1、基于BIO的文件发送实现
服务端：BIOServer.java
package zmx.socket.filethransfer.bio;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* 本例实现基于BIO的Socket文件传输，客户端连接服务器后，服务器发送一个文件到客户端，
* 客户端接受文件，保存到本地。(同理可实现客户端向服务器的文件发送)
*
* 本类是服务端：实现接受连接和发送文件
* @author zhangwenchao
*/
public class BIOServer {
public static final int port=8821;
public static final int bufferSize = 8192;
public void serverStart(){
Socket s =null; //连接
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(port);//初始化ServerSocket
File f = new File("E:\\1.jpg");
System.out.println("要发送的文件为："+f.getName()+" 文件大小："+f.length());
while(true){//不断循环接受客户端请求
System.out.println("服务器正在监听端口："+port+"...");
// public Socket accept() throws IOException
// 侦听并接受到此套接字的连接。此方法在进行连接之前一直阻塞。
s = ss.accept(); //建立连接
System.out.println("Socket连接已经建立成功！");
//Socket输入流： 读取客户端发送过来的数据
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(s.getInputStream()));
byte message = dis.readByte();
System.out.println(message);
//文件输入流：读取文件
DataInputStream fis = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(f)));
//Socket输出流： 发送文件
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());
//将文件名及长度传给客户端。这里要真正适用所有平台，例如中文名的处理，还需要加工，具体可以参见Think In Java 4th里有现成的代码。
dos.writeUTF(f.getName());
dos.flush();
dos.writeLong((long) f.length());
dos.flush();
byte[] buf = new byte[bufferSize];
int len = 0;
while((len=fis.read(buf))!=-1){
dos.write(buf, 0, len);
}
dos.flush();
// 注意关闭socket链接哦，不然客户端会等待server的数据过来，
// 直到socket超时，导致数据不完整。
fis.close();
s.close();
System.out.println("文件传输完成");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("网络连接出现异常！");
}
}
public static void main(String arg[]) {
new BIOServer().serverStart();
}
}
客户端：BIOSocketUti.java+BIOClient.java
BIOSocketUtil.java
package zmx.socket.filethransfer.bio;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* Socket连接工具
* @author zhangwenchao
*
*/
public class BIOSocketUtil{
/**
* 创建socket连接
* @throws Exception
* exception
*/
public static Socket CreateConnection(String ip, int port) throws Exception {
try {
Socket socket = new Socket(ip, port);
return socket;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw e;
} finally {
}
}
/**
* 发送一条信息，通知服务器本机的操作系统类型
* @param sendMessage 0x1:windows 0x2:unix 0x3:Linux
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void sendMessage(Socket socket,String sendMessage) throws Exception {
DataOutputStream outputStream = null;
try {
outputStream = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
if (sendMessage.equals("Windows")) {
outputStream.writeByte(0x1);
outputStream.flush();
return;
}
if (sendMessage.equals("Unix")) {
outputStream.writeByte(0x2);
outputStream.flush();
return;
}
if (sendMessage.equals("Linux")) {
outputStream.writeByte(0x3);
outputStream.flush();
} else {
outputStream.writeUTF(sendMessage);
outputStream.flush();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送消息错误" + "\n");
e.printStackTrace();
if (outputStream != null)
outputStream.close();
throw e;
} finally {
}
}
/**
* 获取输入流
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static DataInputStream getMessageStream(Socket socket) throws Exception {
try {
DataInputStream inputStream = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream()));
return inputStream;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw e;
} finally {
}
}
/**
* 关闭连接
*/
public static void shutDownConnection(Socket socket) {
try {
if (socket != null){
socket.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
BIOClient.java
package zmx.socket.filethransfer.bio;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* 客户端：发送一条消息 通知服务器本地操作系统类型，然后接受服务器发送的文件
* @author zhangwenchao
*
*/
public class BIOClient {
public static final int bufferSize = 8192;
private static void getFileMessage(Socket socket) {
if (socket == null)
return;
DataInputStream inputStream = null;
try {
inputStream = BIOSocketUtil.getMessageStream(socket); //根据socket获取输入流
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.print("接收消息缓存错误\n");
return;
}
try {
//本地保存路径，文件名会自动从服务器端继承而来。
String savePath = "E:\\local\\";
byte[] buf = new byte[bufferSize];
int passedlen = 0; //统计收到的数据
//1、读取文件名
savePath += inputStream.readUTF();
//根据文件名新建一个文件输出流
DataOutputStream fileOut = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(savePath)));
//2、读取文件长度
long fileLength = inputStream.readLong();
System.out.println("文件的长度为:" + fileLength + "\n");
System.out.println("开始接收文件..." + "\n");
//3、读取文件内容
int len = 0;
while((len=inputStream.read(buf))!=-1){
passedlen += len;
//下面进度条本为图形界面的prograssBar做的，这里如果是打文件，可能会重复打印出一些相同的百分比
System.out.println("文件接收了" + (passedlen * 100/ fileLength) + "%\n");
fileOut.write(buf, 0, len);
}
System.out.println("接收完成，文件存为" + savePath + "\n");
fileOut.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("接收消息错误" + "\n");
return;
}
}
public static void main(String arg[]) {
String ip = "localhost";// 设置成服务器IP
int port = 8821;
String sendMessage = "Windwos";
try {
Socket socket = BIOSocketUtil.CreateConnection(ip, port);
System.out.print("连接服务器成功!" + "\n");
BIOSocketUtil.sendMessage(socket, sendMessage); //发送数据
getFileMessage(socket); //获取数据
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.print("连接服务器失败!" + "\n");
}
}
}
运行测试结果：
要发送的文件为：1.jpg 文件大小：917070
服务器正在监听端口：8821...
Socket连接已经建立成功！
0
文件传输完成！
2、基于NIO的文件传输
1、NIOServer.java
package zmx.socket.filethransfer.nio;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Set;
public class NIOServer{
private int port = 8000;
/* 发送数据缓冲区 */
private static ByteBuffer sendBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
/* 接受数据缓冲区 */
private static ByteBuffer revBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
private static Selector selector;
private static FileOutputStream fout;
private static FileChannel ch;
public NIOServer(){
try{
init();
}
catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void init() throws Exception{
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
ServerSocket serverSocket = serverSocketChannel.socket();
serverSocket.bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));
selector = Selector.open();
serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
System.out.println("server start on port:" + port);
while (true) {
try {
selector.select();// 返回值为本次触发的事件数
Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
for (SelectionKey key : selectionKeys) {
ServerSocketChannel server = null;
SocketChannel client = null;
int count = 0;
if (key.isAcceptable()) {
server = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
System.out.println("有客户端连接进入=============)");
client = server.accept();
client.configureBlocking(false);
client.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ|SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
fout = new FileOutputStream("E:\\local\\" + client.hashCode() + ".jpg");
ch = fout.getChannel();
} else if (key.isReadable()) {
client = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
revBuffer.clear();
count = client.read(revBuffer);
int k = 0;
// 循环读取缓存区的数据，
while(count > 0){
System.out.println("k=" + (k++) + " 读取到数据量:" + count);
revBuffer.flip();
ch.write(revBuffer);
fout.flush();
revBuffer.clear();
count = client.read(revBuffer);
}
if(count == -1){
client.close();
ch.close();
fout.close();
}
}else if (key.isWritable()) {
System.out.println("selectionKey.isWritable()");
}
}
System.out.println("=======selectionKeys.clear()");
selectionKeys.clear();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
break;
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
new NIOServer();
}
}
2、NIOClient.java
package zmx.socket.filethransfer.nio;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Set;
public class NIOClient {
private int port = 8000;
/* 发送数据缓冲区 */
private static ByteBuffer sendBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
/* 接受数据缓冲区 */
private static ByteBuffer revBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
private InetSocketAddress SERVER;
private static Selector selector;
private static SocketChannel client;
public NIOClient(){
try{
SERVER = new InetSocketAddress("localhost", port);
init();
}
catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void init(){
try {
SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
selector = Selector.open();
socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
socketChannel.connect(SERVER);
while (true) {
selector.select();
Set<SelectionKey> keySet = selector.selectedKeys();
for(SelectionKey key : keySet) {
if(key.isConnectable()){
client = (SocketChannel)key.channel();
client.finishConnect();
client.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_WRITE|SelectionKey.OP_READ);
}else if(key.isWritable()){
sendFile(client);
}else if(key.isReadable()){
System.out.println("selectionKey.isReadable()");
}
}
keySet.clear();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void sendFile(SocketChannel client) {
FileInputStream fis = null;
FileChannel channel = null;
try {
System.out.println("文件发送开始....");
fis = new FileInputStream("E:\\1.jpg");
channel = fis.getChannel();
int i = 1;
int count = 0;
while((count = channel.read(sendBuffer)) != -1) {
sendBuffer.flip();
int send = client.write(sendBuffer);
System.out.println("i===========" + (i++) + " count:" + count + " send:" + send);
// 服务器端可能因为缓存区满，而导致数据传输失败，需要重新发送
while(send == 0){
Thread.sleep(10);
send = client.write(sendBuffer);
System.out.println("i重新传输====" + i + " count:" + count + " send:" + send);
}
sendBuffer.clear();
}
System.out.println("文件发送完成！");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
channel.close();
fis.close();
client.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
new NIOClient();
}
}
运行测试结果：
文件发送开始....
i===========1 count:1024 send:1024
i===========2 count:1024 send:1024
i===========3 count:1024 send:1024
i===========4 count:1024 send:1024
i===========5 count:1024 send:1024
...
文件发送完成！
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