RISC-V 使用位域
MISRA C 不建议使用位域,因为 C 标准没有定义位域的排列方式。但是,只要能确定位域的排列方式,还是可以使用。
RISC-V 的位域:低位在先。
如果编译器足够聪明,那么使用位域和位宏应该产生一样的代码。
使用位域的好处:调试时可以更清晰地看到各个位域的值,不用对照参考手册去比对。
RISC-V Calling Conventions 约定了位域低位在先:
Bitfields are packed in little-endian fashion. A bitfield that would span the alignment boundary of its integer type is padded to begin at the next alignment boundary. For example, struct { int x : 10; int y : 12; } is a 32-bit type with x in bits 9-0, y in bits 21-10, and bits 31-22 undefined. By contrast, struct { short x : 10; short y : 12; } is a 32-bit type with x in bits 9-0, y in bits 27-16, and bits 31-28 and 15-10 undefined.