python-tuple（元组）

tuple （元组）

• 可以理解成一个不允许更改的列表

# tuple 的创建

# 1. 直接用小括号
TA = ()
print(type(TA))
# 当用小括号创建一个元素的 tuple 的时候
Ta = (100)
print(type(Ta))
# 后边加 ， 表示元组类型
ta = (100,)
print(type(ta))

tA = (100,200,300,400)
print(tA)

<class 'tuple'>
<class 'int'>
<class 'tuple'>
(100, 200, 300, 400)

# 2. 直接用逗号
tb = 100,
print(type(tb))

tc = 100,200,300,# 后面可以跟逗号
print(type(tc))

<class 'tuple'>
<class 'tuple'>

# 3. 使用tuple 定义
ta = tuple()
print(ta)
mi = [1,2,3,4,"zhao min"]
tb = tuple(mi) # 要求tuple参数必须可迭代
print(tb)
print(mi)

()
(1, 2, 3, 4, 'zhao min')
[1, 2, 3, 4, 'zhao min']

tuple其余特整和list基本一致

• 有序
• 可以访问但是不可以被修改
• 元素可以是任意类型

# tuple 索引操作
li = ["i","am","waiting","for","min","min"]
print(li)
ta = tuple(li)
print(ta[4:])

['i', 'am', 'waiting', 'for', 'min', 'min']
('min', 'min')

# tuple 分片操作
print(ta[:])
print(ta[:2])
print(ta[-1::-1])

('i', 'am', 'waiting', 'for', 'min', 'min')
('i', 'am')
('min', 'min', 'for', 'waiting', 'am', 'i')

# 元组的相加
T1 = 1,2,3
T2 = ("i","see","you")
T3 = T1 + T2
print(T3)

(1, 2, 3, 'i', 'see', 'you')

# tuple乘操作

T3 = T2 * 2
print(T3)

('i', 'see', 'you', 'i', 'see', 'you')

# tuple成员检测
print(li)

if "min" in li:
    print("right")
if "miss" not in li:
    print("worng")

['i', 'am', 'waiting', 'for', 'min', 'min']
right
worng

# 元组的遍历

for i in li:
    print(i)

i
am
waiting
for
min
min

ta = ((1,2,3),("i","love","you"),(10,20,30))
# 嵌套元组的 访问
# 1. 双层循环访问
for i in ta:
    print(i)
    for j in i:
        print(j)

        
print('--------------------------------')# 分隔符



# 使用单层循环
for i,j,k in ta:
    print(i,j,k)

    
    
print('--------------------------------')# 分隔符



# 上面访问有一个规定，即 i, j, k要跟元组的个数对应
for i,j,k,q in ta:
    print(i,j,k,q)# 跟元组的个数不对应，报错

(1, 2, 3)
1
2
3
('i', 'love', 'you')
i
love
you
(10, 20, 30)
10
20
30
--------------------------------
1 2 3
i love you
10 20 30
--------------------------------



---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-34-eb4c86203ca3> in <module>()
     23 
     24 # 上面访问有一个规定，即 i, j, k要跟元组的个数对应
---> 25 for i,j,k,q in ta:
     26     print(i,j,k,q)# 跟元组的个数不对应，报错
     27 


ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 4, got 3)

# 常用元组函数

ta = (1,23,456,7890)
# len : 长度
print(len(ta))


# max : 最大值
print(max(ta))

tb = (1,2,3,"love")
print(max(tb))

4
7890



---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-37-ac7b13a68204> in <module>()
     10 
     11 tb = (1,2,3,"love")
---> 12 print(max(tb))


TypeError: '>' not supported between instances of 'str' and 'int'

# count : 对某一元素计数
ta = (0,1,2,3,4,5,0,0,0,0,0)
print(ta.count(0))
print(ta.index(0))

6
0

# tuple 的特殊用法(python里面特殊的用法)
a = 100
b = "min min"
print(a,b)
#要求a,b里面的值进行互换
a,b = b,a   # python 里面的独门秘籍
print(a,b)

100 min min
min min 100