【十一】 进程间通信——[System V IPC对象]信号灯(semaphore)

【十一】   进程间通信——[System V IPC对象]信号灯(semaphore)

/*reader.c*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

#define N 		64
#define READ	0
#define WRITE	1

union semun {
	int val;    /* Value for SETVAL */
	struct semid_ds *buf;    /* Buffer for IPC_STAT, IPC_SET */
	unsigned short  *array;  /* Array for GETALL, SETALL */
	struct seminfo  *__buf;  /* Buffer for IPC_INFO																						                                           (Linux-specific) */
};

void init_sem(int semid, int array[], int num)
{
	union semun myun;
	int i;

	for (i=0; i<num; i++)
	{
		myun.val = array[i];
		semctl(semid, i, SETVAL, myun);
	}

	return;
}

void pv(int semid, int num, int op)
{
	struct sembuf buf;

	buf.sem_num = num;
	buf.sem_op = op;
	buf.sem_flg = 1;
	if (semop(semid, &buf, 1) < 0)
	{
		exit(0);
	}

	return;
}

int main()
{
	key_t key;
	int shmid, semid, array[]={0, 1};
	char *shmadd;

	if ((key = ftok(".", 's')) < 0)
	{
		perror("fail to ftok");
		exit(-1);
	}

	if ((semid = semget(key, 2, 0666|IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL)) < 0)
	{
		if (EEXIST == errno)
		{
			semid = semget(key, 2, 0666);
		}
		else
		{
			perror("fail to semget");
			exit(-1);
		}
	}
	else   // the first process 
	{
		init_sem(semid, array, 2);   // init semaphore
	}

	if ((shmid = shmget(key, N, 0666|IPC_CREAT)) < 0)
	{
		perror("fail to shmget");
		semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID);
		exit(-1);
	}
	shmadd = (char *)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);

	while ( 1 )
	{
		pv(semid, READ, -1);
		printf("read from shm : %s", shmadd);
		pv(semid, WRITE, 1);
	}

	return 0;
}

/*writer.c*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

#define N 		64
#define READ	0
#define WRITE	1

union semun {
	int val;    /* Value for SETVAL */
	struct semid_ds *buf;    /* Buffer for IPC_STAT, IPC_SET */
	unsigned short  *array;  /* Array for GETALL, SETALL */
	struct seminfo  *__buf;  /* Buffer for IPC_INFO																						                                           (Linux-specific) */
};

void init_sem(int semid, int array[], int num)
{
	union semun myun;
	int i;

	for (i=0; i<num; i++)
	{
		myun.val = array[i];
		semctl(semid, i, SETVAL, myun);
	}

	return;
}

void pv(int semid, int num, int op)
{
	struct sembuf buf;

	buf.sem_num = num;
	buf.sem_op = op;
	buf.sem_flg = 1;
	semop(semid, &buf, 1);

	return;
}

int main()
{
	key_t key;
	int shmid, semid, array[]={0, 1};
	char *shmadd;

	if ((key = ftok(".", 's')) < 0)
	{
		perror("fail to ftok");
		exit(-1);
	}

	if ((semid = semget(key, 2, 0666|IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL)) < 0)
	{
		if (EEXIST == errno)
		{
			semid = semget(key, 2, 0666);
		}
		else
		{
			perror("fail to semget");
			exit(-1);
		}
	}
	else   // the first process 
	{
		init_sem(semid, array, 2);   // init semaphore
	}

	if ((shmid = shmget(key, N, 0666|IPC_CREAT)) < 0)
	{
		perror("fail to shmget");
		semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID);
		exit(-1);
	}
	shmadd = (char *)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);

	while ( 1 )
	{
		pv(semid, WRITE, -1);
		printf("write to shm : ");
		fgets(shmadd, N, stdin);
		if (strncmp(shmadd, "quit", 4) == 0) break;
		pv(semid, READ, 1);
	}
	semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID);
	shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);

	return 0;
}