【十一】 进程间通信——[System V IPC对象]信号灯(semaphore)
/*reader.c*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#define N 64
#define READ 0
#define WRITE 1
union semun {
int val; /* Value for SETVAL */
struct semid_ds *buf; /* Buffer for IPC_STAT, IPC_SET */
unsigned short *array; /* Array for GETALL, SETALL */
struct seminfo *__buf; /* Buffer for IPC_INFO (Linux-specific) */
};
void init_sem(int semid, int array[], int num)
{
union semun myun;
int i;
for (i=0; i<num; i++)
{
myun.val = array[i];
semctl(semid, i, SETVAL, myun);
}
return;
}
void pv(int semid, int num, int op)
{
struct sembuf buf;
buf.sem_num = num;
buf.sem_op = op;
buf.sem_flg = 1;
if (semop(semid, &buf, 1) < 0)
{
exit(0);
}
return;
}
int main()
{
key_t key;
int shmid, semid, array[]={0, 1};
char *shmadd;
if ((key = ftok(".", 's')) < 0)
{
perror("fail to ftok");
exit(-1);
}
if ((semid = semget(key, 2, 0666|IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL)) < 0)
{
if (EEXIST == errno)
{
semid = semget(key, 2, 0666);
}
else
{
perror("fail to semget");
exit(-1);
}
}
else // the first process
{
init_sem(semid, array, 2); // init semaphore
}
if ((shmid = shmget(key, N, 0666|IPC_CREAT)) < 0)
{
perror("fail to shmget");
semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID);
exit(-1);
}
shmadd = (char *)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
while ( 1 )
{
pv(semid, READ, -1);
printf("read from shm : %s", shmadd);
pv(semid, WRITE, 1);
}
return 0;
}
/*writer.c*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#define N 64
#define READ 0
#define WRITE 1
union semun {
int val; /* Value for SETVAL */
struct semid_ds *buf; /* Buffer for IPC_STAT, IPC_SET */
unsigned short *array; /* Array for GETALL, SETALL */
struct seminfo *__buf; /* Buffer for IPC_INFO (Linux-specific) */
};
void init_sem(int semid, int array[], int num)
{
union semun myun;
int i;
for (i=0; i<num; i++)
{
myun.val = array[i];
semctl(semid, i, SETVAL, myun);
}
return;
}
void pv(int semid, int num, int op)
{
struct sembuf buf;
buf.sem_num = num;
buf.sem_op = op;
buf.sem_flg = 1;
semop(semid, &buf, 1);
return;
}
int main()
{
key_t key;
int shmid, semid, array[]={0, 1};
char *shmadd;
if ((key = ftok(".", 's')) < 0)
{
perror("fail to ftok");
exit(-1);
}
if ((semid = semget(key, 2, 0666|IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL)) < 0)
{
if (EEXIST == errno)
{
semid = semget(key, 2, 0666);
}
else
{
perror("fail to semget");
exit(-1);
}
}
else // the first process
{
init_sem(semid, array, 2); // init semaphore
}
if ((shmid = shmget(key, N, 0666|IPC_CREAT)) < 0)
{
perror("fail to shmget");
semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID);
exit(-1);
}
shmadd = (char *)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
while ( 1 )
{
pv(semid, WRITE, -1);
printf("write to shm : ");
fgets(shmadd, N, stdin);
if (strncmp(shmadd, "quit", 4) == 0) break;
pv(semid, READ, 1);
}
semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID);
shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);
return 0;
}