/etc目录介绍

/etc 是Linux下的配置文件的老家， 很多管理和使用的修改都在这里

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3. 网络配置文件
3.1 /etc/hosts
#/etc/hosts
#文件格式: IPaddress hostname aliases
#文件功能: 提供主机名到IP地址的对应关系，建议将自己经常使用的主机
# 加入此文件中，也可将没有DNS记录的机器加入到此文件中，
# 这样会方便网络应用
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain
202.118.66.81 helius.dlut.edu.cn helius

3.2 /etc/resolv.conf
文件功能：DNS客户机配置文件，设置DNS服务器的IP地址及DNS域名
相关文件：/etc/host.conf
文件格式：
domainname 域名
search 域名
nameserver Primary_DNS_Server_IP_address
nameserver Second_DNS_Server_IP_address
其中domainname和search可同时存在，也可只有一个；nameserver可指定多个

示例文件内容：
search dlut.edu.cn
nameserver 202.118.66.6

3.3 /etc/host.conf
功能：指定主机名查找方法，通常指先查找文件/etc/hosts,找不到时再向DNS服务器请求。
对于大多数用户不用改动此文件内容。

Linux: /etc/host.conf文件内容
order hosts, bind
multi on
Soalris: /etc/nsswitch.conf 中的hosts项
hosts files, dns
3.4 /etc/HOSTNAME ( Linux Redhat 5.x Distribution)
功能：设置主机名，不同LINUX之间可能有所差别，请使用
egrep hostname /etc/rc.d/init.d/*
或
egrep hostname /etc/init.d/*
查找相应版本上的主机名设置文件及方法。

Linux Redhat 5.x对应文件: /etc/sysconfig/network的HOSTNAME项。

3.5 /etc/inetd.conf

Internet 超级服务器, 相关程序: /usr/sbin/inetd
相应服务:
telnet
ftp
pop3
r* rsh rcp rlogin (建议最好关闭r服务)
其他服务最好关掉

#
# inetd.conf This file describes the services that will be available
# through the INETD TCP/IP super server. To re-configure
# the running INETD process, edit this file, then send the
# INETD process a SIGHUP signal.
#
# Version: @(#)/etc/inetd.conf 3.10 05/27/93
#
# Authors: Original taken from BSD UNIX 4.3/TAHOE.
# Fred N. van Kempen, 
#
# Modified for Debian Linux by Ian A. Murdock 
#
# Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing 
#
# 
#
# Echo, discard, daytime, and chargen are used primarily for testing.
#
# To re-read this file after changes, just do a 'killall -HUP inetd'
#
#echo stream tcp nowait root internal
#echo dgram udp wait root internal
#discard stream tcp nowait root internal
#discard dgram udp wait root internal
#daytime stream tcp nowait root internal
#daytime dgram udp wait root internal
#chargen stream tcp nowait root internal
#chargen dgram udp wait root internal
#
# These are standard services.
#
ftp stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.ftpd -l -a
telnet stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.telnetd
gopher stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd gn

# do not uncomment smtp unless you *really* know what you are doing.
# smtp is handled by the sendmail daemon now, not smtpd. It does NOT
# run from here, it is started at boot time from /etc/rc.d/rc#.d.
#smtp stream tcp nowait root /usr/bin/smtpd smtpd
#nntp stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.nntpd
#
# Shell, login, exec and talk are BSD protocols.
#
shell stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.rshd
login stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.rlogind
#exec stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.rexecd
talk dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.talkd
ntalk dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd in.ntalkd
#dtalk stream tcp waut nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd in.dtalkd
#
# Pop and imap mail services et al
#
pop-2 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd ipop2d