C++程序设计谭浩强第十章（运算符重载）习题答案（部分有改进）

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-19 13:53:30 发布

国服最强貂蝉

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-19 13:53:30 发布

阅读量7.1k

点赞数 32

分类专栏： C++ 文章标签： c++ 程序设计谭浩强

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zrg_hzr_1/article/details/107643844

版权

C++ 专栏收录该内容

26 篇文章 116 订阅

订阅专栏

10.1 重载运算符“+”。非成员、非友元的普通函数。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex() { real = 0; imag = 0; }
	Complex(double r, double i) { real = r; imag = i; }
	double get_real();
	double get_imag();
	void display();
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};

double Complex::get_real()
{
	return real;
}

double Complex::get_imag()
{
	return imag;
}

void Complex::display()
{
	if(imag>=0)
		cout << "(" << real << "+" << imag << "i)" << endl;
	else
		cout << "(" << real << imag << "i)" << endl;
}

Complex operator + (Complex& c1, Complex& c2)
{
	return Complex(c1.get_real() + c2.get_real(), c1.get_imag() + c2.get_imag());
}

int main()
{
	Complex c1(3, 4), c2(5, -10), c3;
	c3 = c1 + c2;
	cout << "c3=";
	c3.display();
	return 0;
}

10.2 重载运算符 +-*/ 作为Complex类的成员函数

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex() { real = 0; imag = 0; }
	Complex(double r, double i) { real = r; imag = i; }
	Complex operator+(Complex& c2);
	Complex operator-(Complex& c2);
	Complex operator*(Complex& c2);
	Complex operator/(Complex& c2);
	void display();
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};

Complex Complex::operator+(Complex& c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real = real + c2.real;
	c.imag = imag + c2.imag;
	return c;
}

Complex Complex::operator-(Complex& c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real = real - c2.real;
	c.imag = imag - c2.imag;
	return c;
}

Complex Complex::operator*(Complex& c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real = real * c2.real - imag * c2.imag;
	c.imag = imag * c2.real + real * c2.imag;
	return c;
}

Complex Complex::operator/(Complex& c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real = (real * c2.real + imag * c2.imag) / (c2.real * c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag);
	c.imag = (imag * c2.real - real * c2.imag) / (c2.real * c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag);
	return c;
}

void Complex::display()
{
	if(imag>=0)
		cout << "(" << real << "+" << imag << "i)" << endl;
	else
		cout << "(" << real << imag << "i)" << endl;
}

int main()
{
	Complex c1(3, 4), c2(5, -10), c3;
	c3 = c1 + c2;
	cout << "c1+c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3 = c1 - c2;
	cout << "c1-c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3 = c1 * c2;
	cout << "c1*c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3 = c1 / c2;
	cout << "c1/c2=";
	c3.display();
	return 0;
}

10.3 重载运算符“+”，参加运算的两个运算量可以都是类对象，也可以有整数，顺序任意。

#include <iostream>  
using namespace std; 
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex() { real = 0; imag = 0; }
	Complex(double r, double i) { real = r; imag = i; }
	Complex operator+(Complex& c2);
	Complex operator+(int& i);
	friend Complex operator+(int&, Complex&);
	void display();
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};

Complex Complex::operator+(Complex& c)
{
	return Complex(real + c.real, imag + c.imag);
}

Complex Complex::operator+(int& i)
{
	return Complex(real + i, imag);
}

void Complex::display()
{
	cout << "(" << real << "," << imag << "i)" << endl;
}

Complex operator+(int& i, Complex& c)
{
	return Complex(i + c.real, c.imag);
}

int main()
{
	Complex c1(3, 4), c2(5, -10), c3;
	int i = 5;
	c3 = c1 + c2;
	cout << "c1+c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3 = i + c1;
	cout << "i+c1=";
	c3.display();
	c3 = c1 + i;
	cout << "c1+i=";
	c3.display();
	return 0;
}

10.4 有两个矩阵a，b，均为2行3列，求矩阵和。重载运算符“+”

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Matrix   //定义Matrix类
{
public:
    Matrix();   //默认构造函数
    friend Matrix operator+(Matrix&, Matrix&);  //重载运算符“+”
    void input();   //输入数据函数
    void display(); //输出数据函数
private:
    int mat[2][3];
};

Matrix::Matrix()  //定义构造函数
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
            mat[i][j] = 0;
}

Matrix operator+(Matrix& a, Matrix& b)  //定义重载运算符“+” 
{
    Matrix c;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
        {
            c.mat[i][j] = a.mat[i][j] + b.mat[i][j];
        }
    return c;
}
void Matrix::input()   //定义输入数据函数
{
    cout << "input value of matrix:" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
            cin >> mat[i][j];
}

void Matrix::display()                                //定义输出数据函数
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
        {
            cout << mat[i][j] << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}

int main()
{
    Matrix a, b, c;
    a.input();
    cout << endl << "Matrix a:" << endl;
    a.display();
    b.input();
    cout << endl << "Matrix b:" << endl;
    b.display();
    c = a + b;                                         //用重载运算符“+”实现两个矩阵相加
    cout << endl << "Matrix c = Matrix a + Matrix b :" << endl;
    c.display();
    return 0;
}

10.5 基于10.4 重载插入运算符<<和流提取运算符>>

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Matrix
{
public:
    Matrix();
    friend Matrix operator+(Matrix&, Matrix&);
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, Matrix&);
    friend istream& operator>>(istream&, Matrix&);
private:
    int mat[2][3];
};

Matrix::Matrix()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
            mat[i][j] = 0;
}

Matrix operator+(Matrix& a, Matrix& b)
{
    Matrix c;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
        {
            c.mat[i][j] = a.mat[i][j] + b.mat[i][j];
        }
    return c;
}

istream& operator>>(istream& in, Matrix& m)
{
    cout << "input value of matrix:" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
            in >> m.mat[i][j];
    return in;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, Matrix& m)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
        {
            out << m.mat[i][j] << " ";
        }
        out << endl;
    }
    return out;
}

int main()
{
    Matrix a, b, c;
    cin >> a;
    cout << endl << "Matrix a:" << endl << a << endl;
    cin >> b;
    cout << endl << "Matrix b:" << endl << b << endl;
    c = a + b;
    cout << endl << "Matrix c = Matrix a + Matrix b :" << endl << c << endl;
    return 0;
}

10.6 处理一个复数与一个double数相加的运算，结果存放在一个double型的变量d1中输出，再以复数形式输出。成员函数中包含重载类型转换运算符。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex() { real = 0; imag = 0; }
	Complex(double r) { real = r; imag = 0; }
	Complex(double r, double i) { real = r; imag = i; }
	operator double() { return real; }
	void display();
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};

void Complex::display()
{
	cout << "(" << real << ", " << imag << ")" << endl;
}

int main()
{
	Complex c1(3, 4), c2;
	double d1;
	d1 = 2.5 + c1;
	cout << "d1=" << d1 << endl;
	c2 = Complex(d1);
	cout << "c2=";
	c2.display();
	return 0;
}

10.7 定义一个teacher（教师）类和一个student（学生）类，二者有一份数据成员是相同的，例如num,name,sex。编写程序，将一个student对象（学生）转换为teacher（教师）类，只将以上3个相同的数据成员移植过去。可以设想为：一个学生大学毕业了，留校担任教师，他原有的部分数据对现在的教师身份来说仍然是有用的，应当保留并成为其教师的数据的一部分。

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;

class Student
{
public:
	Student(int n, const char nam[], char s, float sco)
	{
		num = n;
		strcpy(name, nam);
		sex = s;
		score = sco;
	}
	int get_num()      {return num;}
	char* get_name()   {return name;}
	char get_sex()     {return sex;}
	void display()
	{
		cout << "num:" << num << "\nname:" << name << "\nsex:" << sex << "\nscore:" << score << "\n\n";
	}

private:
	int num;
	char name[20];
	char sex;
	float score;
};

class Teacher
{
public:
	Teacher(){}
	Teacher(int n, const char nam[], char s, float p)
	{
		num = n;
		strcpy(name, nam);
		sex = s;
		pay = p;
	}
	Teacher(Student&);
	void display()
	{
		cout << "num:" << num << "\nname:" << name << "\nsex:" << sex << "\npay:" << pay << "\n\n";
	}
private:
	int num;
	char name[20];
	char sex;
	float pay;
};

Teacher::Teacher(Student& stud)
{
	num = stud.get_num();
	strcpy(name, stud.get_name());
	sex = stud.get_sex();
	pay = 1500;
}

int main()
{
	Student student1(20010, "Wang", 'm', 89.5);
	Teacher teacher1(10001, "Li", 'f', 1234.5), teacher2;

	cout << "student1:" << endl;
	student1.display();

	cout << "teacher1:" << endl;
	teacher1.display();

	teacher2 = Teacher(student1);
	cout << "teacher2:" << endl;
	teacher2.display();

	return 0;
}

下载的答案如下：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
  Student(int,char[],char,float);
  int get_num(){return num;}
  char * get_name(){return name;}
  char get_sex(){return sex;}
  void display()
   {cout<<"num:"<<num<<"\nname:"<<name<<"\nsex:"<<sex<<"\nscore:"<<score<<"\n\n";}
 private:
  int num;
  char name[20];
  char sex;
  float score;
};

Student::Student(int n,char nam[],char s,float so)
 {num=n;
  strcpy(name,nam);
  sex=s;
  score=so;
}

class Teacher
 {public:
  Teacher(){}
  Teacher(Student&);
   Teacher(int n,char nam[],char sex,float pay);
   void display();
  private:
   int num;
   char name[20];
   char sex;
   float pay;
 };
 
Teacher::Teacher(int n,char nam[],char s,float p)
{num=n;
 strcpy(name,nam);
 sex=s;
 pay=p;
}

Teacher::Teacher(Student& stud)
 {num=stud.get_num();
  strcpy(name,stud.get_name());
  sex=stud.get_sex();
  pay=1500;}

void Teacher::display()
{cout<<"num:"<<num<<"\nname:"<<name<<"\nsex:"<<sex<<"\npay:"<<pay<<"\n\n";}

  
int main()
{Teacher teacher1(10001,"Li",'f',1234.5),teacher2;
 Student student1(20010,"Wang",'m',89.5);
 cout<<"student1:"<<endl;
 student1.display();
 teacher2=Teacher(student1);
 cout<<"teacher2:"<<endl;
 teacher2.display();
 return 0;
}

会出现错误：

改正：在char nam[]前加const即可。搜索的C2664错误给出的几个方法都不行。

改正后代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
 
class Student
{
public:
	Student(int,const char[], char, float);
	int get_num() { return num; }
	char* get_name() { return name; }
	char get_sex() { return sex; }
	void display()
	{
		cout << "num:" << num << "\nname:" << name << "\nsex:" << sex << "\nscore:" << score << "\n\n";
	}
private:
	int num;
	char name[20];
	char sex;
	float score;
};

Student::Student(int n,const char nam[], char s, float so)
{
	num = n;
	strcpy(name, nam);
	sex = s;
	score = so;
}

class Teacher
{
public:
	Teacher() {}
	Teacher(Student&);
	Teacher(int n,const char nam[], char sex, float pay);
	void display();
private:
	int num;
	char name[20];
	char sex;
	float pay;
};

Teacher::Teacher(int n,const char nam[], char s, float p)
{
	num = n;
	strcpy(name, nam);
	sex = s;
	pay = p;
}

Teacher::Teacher(Student& stud)
{
	num = stud.get_num();
	strcpy(name, stud.get_name());
	sex = stud.get_sex();
	pay = 1500;
}

void Teacher::display()
{
	cout << "num:" << num << "\nname:" << name << "\nsex:" << sex << "\npay:" << pay << "\n\n";
}


int main()
{
	Teacher teacher1(10001, "Li", 'f', 1234.5), teacher2;
	Student student1(20010, "Wang", 'm', 89.5);
	cout << "student1:" << endl;
	student1.display();
	teacher2 = Teacher(student1);
	cout << "teacher2:" << endl;
	teacher2.display();
	return 0;
}

最后一题自己改也不会改，网上查也不管用，我按着聊天列表问了一圈……才能运行

怎么这书还有四章啊

这谁顶得住啊