C++程序设计谭浩强 第十四章（C++工具）习题答案（部分有改进）

14.1 求一元二次方程式ax^2+bx+c=0的实根，如果方程没有实根，则输出有关警告信息。

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
double q(double,double,double);
void main()
{double a,b,c,p,x1,x2;
 cout<<"please enter a,b,c:";
 cin>>a>>b>>c;
 p=-b/(2*a);
 try
  {x1=p+q(a,b,c);
   x2=p-q(a,b,c);
   cout<<"x1="<<x1<<endl<<"x2="<<x2<<endl;
  }
 catch(double d)
   {cout<<"a="<<a<<",b="<<b<<",c="<<c<<",disc="<<d<<",error!"<<endl;}
 cout<<"end"<<endl;
}

double q(double a,double b,double c)
 {double disc;
  disc=b*b-4*a*c;
  if (disc<0) throw disc;
  return sqrt(disc)/(2*a);
 }
  

14.2 将例14.3程序改为下面的程序，请分析执行过程，写出运行结果。并指出由于异常处理而调用了那些析构函数。

#include <iostream>
#include <string> 
using namespace std;
class Student
{
public:
    Student(int n, string nam)
    {
        cout << "constructor-" << n << endl;
        num = n; name = nam;
    }
    ~Student() { cout << "destructor-" << num << endl; }
    void get_data();
private:
    int num;
    string name;
};
void Student::get_data()
{
    if (num == 0) throw num;
    else cout << num << " " << name << endl;
    cout << "in get_data()" << endl;
}

void fun()
{
    Student stud1(1101, "tan");
    stud1.get_data();
    try
    {
        Student stud2(0, "Li");
        stud2.get_data();
    }
    catch (int n)
    {
        cout << "num=" << n << ",error!" << endl;
    }
}
int main()
{
    cout << "main begin" << endl;
    cout << "call fun()" << endl;
    fun();
    cout << "main end" << endl;
    return 0;
}

结果：

main begin
call fun()
constructor-1101
1101 tan
in get_data()
constructor-0
destructor-0
num=0,error!
destructor-1101
main end

14.3  学校的人事部门保存了有关学生的部分数据（学号、姓名、年龄、住址），教务部门也保存了学生的另外一些数据（学号、姓名、性别、成绩），两个部门分别编写了本部门的学生数据管理程序，其中都用了Student作为类名。现在要求在全校的学生数据管理程序中调用这两个部门的学生数据，分别输出两种内容的学生数据。要求用ANSI C++编程，使用命名空间。

main文件

//main file
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "header1.h"
#include "header2.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace student1;

int main()
{
	Student stud1(1001, "Wang", 18, "123 Beijing Road,Shanghua");
	stud1.show_data();
	student2::Student stud2(1102, "Li", 'f', 89.5);
	stud2.show_data();
	return 0;
}

 header1.h头文件

//header1.h
#include <string>
namespace student1
{
    class Student
    {
    public:
        Student(int n, string nam, int a, string addr)
        {
            num = n; name = nam; age = a; address = addr;
        }
        void show_data();
    private:
        int num;
        string name;
        int age;
        string address;
    };
    void Student::show_data()
    {
        cout << "num:" << num << "  name:" << name << "  age:" << age
            << "  address:" << address << endl;
    }
}

 header2.h头文件

//header2.h
#include <string>
namespace student2
{
    class Student
    {
    public:
        Student(int n, string nam, char s, float sco)
        {
            num = n; name = nam; sex = s; score = sco;
        }
        void show_data();
    private:
        int num;
        string name;
        char sex;
        float score;
    };

    void Student::show_data()
    {
        cout << "num:" << num << "  name:" << name << " sex:" << sex
            << "   score:" << score << endl;
    }
}