Android应用层（网络编程）四（okHttp使用解析）

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-13 15:48:33 发布

钟shi杰

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-13 15:48:33 发布

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分类专栏： Android应用层文章标签：网络编程 android okhttp3 okhttp2

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zsj470785068/article/details/77257390

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Android Studio 配置gradle：

compile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.7.5'
compile 'com.squareup.okio:okio:1.7.0'

1. 异步Get请求

最简单的Get请求，老规矩请求百度：

public void getAsynHttp(){
        OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        final com.squareup.okhttp.Request request= new com.squareup.okhttp.Request.Builder().url("http://baidu.com").build();
        Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(com.squareup.okhttp.Request request, IOException e) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(com.squareup.okhttp.Response response) throws IOException {
                String str = response.body().string();
                Log.i("zsj", str);
                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "请求成功", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }

值得关注的是，onRespsonse回调并不是UI线程

2. 同步GET请求

public String getSyncHttp() throws IOException{
        OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        final com.squareup.okhttp.Request request = new com.squareup.okhttp.Request.Builder().url("http://baidu.com").build();
        Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
        com.squareup.okhttp.Response mResponse = call.execute();
        if (mResponse.isSuccessful()){
            return mResponse.body().string();
        }
        else{
            throw new IOException("Unexpected code" + mResponse);
        }
    }

同步Get请求和异步调用区别就是调用了call的execute()方法

3. 异步POST请求

public void postAsynHttp(){
        OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();

        com.squareup.okhttp.RequestBody fromBody = new FormEncodingBuilder().add("size", "10").build();
        com.squareup.okhttp.Request request = new com.squareup.okhttp.Request.Builder().url("http://39.108.135.114:8001/ZRobot/function/getAppResponce").post(fromBody).build();

        Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(com.squareup.okhttp.Request request, IOException e) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(com.squareup.okhttp.Response response) throws IOException {
                final String str = response.body().string();
                Log.i("zsj", str);
                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), str, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }

post与get不同的就是要要创建RequestBody并传进Request中
同样，其回调不在UI线程

4. 请求缓存设置

全局用户唯一的缓存访问实例，okhttp框架全局必须只有一个OkHttpClient实例（new OkHttpClient()），并在第一次创建实例的时候，配置好缓存。

Step 1 : 设置缓存路径和大小，并设置给okHttpClient：(okHttpClient需要是一个全局的实例)

okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
File sdcache = getExternalCacheDir();
int cacheSize = 10*1024*1024;
okHttpClient.setCache(new Cache(sdcache.getAbsoluteFile(), cacheSize));

Step 2 : 异步请求

public void getAsynHttpCache(){
        final com.squareup.okhttp.Request request = new com.squareup.okhttp.Request.Builder().url("http://www.baidu.com").build();
        Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(com.squareup.okhttp.Request request, IOException e) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(com.squareup.okhttp.Response response) throws IOException {
                if(response.cacheResponse() != null){
                    String str = response.cacheResponse().toString();
                    Log.i("zsj", "cache--" + str);
                }
                else{
                    response.body().string();
                    String str = response.networkResponse().toString();
                    Log.i("zsj", "net--" + str);
                }
                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "缓存post请求成功", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                });
            }
        });

    }

5. 设置超时时间

mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
mOkHttpClient.setConnectTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
mOkHttpClient.setWriteTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
mOkHttpClient.setReadTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

6. 取消请求

使用call.cancel()可以立即停止掉一个正在执行的call。如果一个线程正在写请求或者读响应，将会引发IOException。当用户离开一个应用时或者跳到其他界面时，使用Call.cancel()可以节约网络资源，另外不管同步还是异步的call都可以取消。
也可以通过tags来同时取消多个请求。当你构建一请求时，使用RequestBuilder.tag(tag)来分配一个标签。之后你就可以用OkHttpClient.cancel(tag)来取消所有带有这个tag的call。

Step 1 : 为了模拟场景，创建一个定时的线程池

private ScheduledExecutorService executor = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);

Step 2 : 实现取消请求

private  void cancel(){
       final Request request = new Request.Builder()
               .url("http://www.baidu.com")
               .cacheControl(CacheControl.FORCE_NETWORK)
               .build();
       Call call=null;
       call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request);
       final Call finalCall = call;
       //100毫秒后取消call
       executor.schedule(new Runnable() {
           @Override public void run() {
               finalCall.cancel();
           }
       }, 100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
       call.enqueue(new Callback() {
           @Override
           public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {
           }
           @Override
           public void onResponse(final Response response) {
               if (null != response.cacheResponse()) {
                   String str = response.cacheResponse().toString();
                   Log.i("wangshu", "cache---" + str);
               } else {
                   try {
                       response.body().string();
                   } catch (IOException e) {
                       Log.i("wangshu", "IOException");
                       e.printStackTrace();
                   }
                   String str = response.networkResponse().toString();
                   Log.i("wangshu", "network---" + str);
               }
           }
       });
          Log.i("wangshu", "是否取消成功"+call.isCanceled());
   }

7. 关于封装

OkHttpFinal是一个很不错的选择

oKHttp 2.x和3.x的注意内容

1. OkHttp3异步POST请求没有FormEncodingBuilder类，替代它的是功能更加强大的FormBody

private void postAsynHttp() {
     mOkHttpClient=new OkHttpClient();
     RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
             .add("size", "10")
             .build();
     Request request = new Request.Builder()
             .url("http://api.1-blog.com/biz/bizserver/article/list.do")
             .post(formBody)
             .build();
     Call call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request);
     call.enqueue(new Callback() {
         @Override
         public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
         }
         @Override
         public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
             String str = response.body().string();
             Log.i("zsj", str);
             runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                 @Override
                 public void run() {
                     Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "请求成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                 }
             });
         }
     });
 }

2. OkHttp3不能通过OkHttpClient直接设置超时时间和缓存，而是通过OkHttpClient.Builder来设置

通过builder配置好OkHttpClient后用builder.build()来返回OkHttpClient，所以我们通常不会调用new OkHttpClient()来得到OkHttpClient，而是通过builder.build()：

File sdcache = getExternalCacheDir();
int cacheSize = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .connectTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
        .writeTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
        .readTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
        .cache(new Cache(sdcache.getAbsoluteFile(), cacheSize));
OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient=builder.build();

补全okHttp的用法

1.异步上传文件

上传文件本身是一个Post请求

Step 1 : 定义上传文件类型

public static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN = MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");

Setp 2 : 将根目录中的zhongshijie.txt文件上传到服务器

private void postAsynFile() {
    mOkHttpClient=new OkHttpClient();
    File file = new File("/sdcard/zhongshijie.txt");
    Request request = new Request.Builder()
            .url("https://api.github.com/markdown/raw")
            .post(RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN, file))
            .build();
        mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
            }
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                Log.i("zsj",response.body().string());
            }
        });
    }

文件权限需要加上

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

2. 异步下载文件

private void downAsynFile() {
     mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
     String url = "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201603/26/1458988468_5804.jpg";
     Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
     mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
         @Override
         public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
         }
         @Override
         public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) {
             InputStream inputStream = response.body().byteStream();
             FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
             try {
                 fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("/sdcard/wangshu.jpg"));
                 byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
                 int len = 0;
                 while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                     fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                 }
                 fileOutputStream.flush();
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 Log.i("zsj", "IOException");
                 e.printStackTrace();
            }
            Log.d("zsj", "文件下载成功");
        }
    });
}

3. 异步上传Multipart文件

这种场景很常用，我们有时会上传文件同时还需要传其他类型的字段，OkHttp3实现起来很简单，需要注意的是没有服务器接收我这个Multipart文件，所以这里只是举个例子，具体的应用还要结合实际工作中对应的服务器。

首先定义上传文件类型：

private static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_PNG = MediaType.parse("image/png");

private void sendMultipart(){
    mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
    RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
            .setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
            .addFormDataPart("title", "wangshu")
            .addFormDataPart("image", "wangshu.jpg",
                    RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_PNG, new File("/sdcard/wangshu.jpg")))
            .build();
    Request request = new Request.Builder()
            .header("Authorization", "Client-ID " + "...")
            .url("https://api.imgur.com/3/image")
            .post(requestBody)
            .build();
   mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
       @Override
       public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
       }
       @Override
       public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
           Log.i("wangshu", response.body().string());
       }
   });
}

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Android应用层（网络编程）四（okHttp使用解析）

Android Studio 配置gradle：compile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.7.5'compile 'com.squareup.okio:okio:1.7.0'1. 异步Get请求最简单的Get请求，老规矩请求百度：public void getAsynHttp(){ OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new O
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