Django的ContentType

如果一个表跟多个表都有外键关系, 那么就用ContentType

1. model.py

   from django.db import models
   from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
   # GenericRelation 用来反向查询的
   from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey, GenericRelation
   
   
   class PythonBasic(models.Model):
       course_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="课程名称")
       # 定义反向查询字段
       coupons = GenericRelation(to="Coupon")
   
       class Meta:
           db_table = "db_python_basic"
           verbose_name = "python课程信息"
           verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
   
   
   class Oop(models.Model):
       course_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="课程名称")
       coupon = GenericRelation(to="Coupon")
   
       class Meta:
           db_table = "db_oop"
           verbose_name = "面向对象课程信息"
           verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
   
   
   class Coupon(models.Model):
       coupon_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="优惠卷名称")
       # 关联到ContentType的外键
       content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
       # 关联表的数据所对应表的主键id
       object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
   
       # 这个字段在数据库不存在, 这个字段帮助我们管理对应关系的
       content_object = GenericForeignKey("content_type", "object_id")
   
       class Meta:
           db_table = "db_coupon"
           verbose_name = "优惠卷信息"
           verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
   

2. url.py

   from django.urls import re_path
   from .views import CourseView
   
   urlpatterns = [
       re_path(r"^course/$", CourseView.as_view())
   ]
   

3. views.py

   from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
   from django.views import View
   from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
   
   from .models import (
       PythonBasic,
       Oop,
       Coupon
   )
   from .app_serializers import BookSerializer
   
   
   class CourseView(View):
       def get(self, request):
           # 获取表名
           # pb = ContentType.objects.get(app_label="serializer", model="pythonbasic")
           # 获取表对象
           # pb_model = pb.model_class()
           # 获取去表里的第一条数据的对象
           # pb_obj = pb_model.objects.get(id=1)
           # print(pb_obj.course_name)
   
           # 获取当前对象
           object_id = PythonBasic.objects.get(id=3)
           # 把当前对象插入到这个表中  要操作这个表只能用content_object字段来操作  因为content_object是关系字段
           Coupon.objects.create(coupon_name="Python基础通关优惠卷", content_object=object_id)
   
           return HttpResponse("ok")
   

4. 效果图