ENSP-VRP

已于 2023-12-22 15:55:50 修改
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命令行基础功能

CTRL+A 把光标移动到当前命令行的最前端
+C 停止当前命令的运行
+Z 回到用户视图
+] 终止当前连接或切换连接

配置系统时钟

clock timezone 设置所在时区
clock datetime 设置当前时间和日期
clock daylight-saving-time 设置采用夏时制

配置标题消息

header login 配置在用户登陆前显示的标题消息
header shell 配置在用户登陆后显示的标题消息

用户界面

Console / VTY
VTY一般最多支持15个用户
[r1]user-interface maximum-vty ?
INTEGER<0-15> The maximum number of VTY users, the default value is 5

配置用户界面命令

user-interface console 0
idle-timeout 设置超时时间
screen-length 设置指定终端屏幕的临时显示行数
history-commandmax-size 设置历史命令缓冲区的大小

配置登陆权限

user-interface vty 0
user privilege 配置指定用户界面下的用户级别
set authentication password 配置本地认证密码

基本查询命令

pwd 查看当前目录
dir 显示当前目录下的文件信息
more 查看文本文件的具体内容

基本目录操作

cd 修改用户当前界面的工作目录
mkdir 创建新的目录
rmdir 删除目录

文件操作

copy 复制文件
move 移动文件
rename 重命名文件
delete/unreserved 删除/永久删除文件
undelete 恢复删除文件
reset recycle-bin 彻底删除回收站中的文件

配置文件查询

dis current-configuration 显示当前配置文件
display saved-configuration 显示保存的配置文件

配置文件保存

save

系统启动文件查询

dispaly startup 查看系统启动配置参数

配置文件重置

reset saved-configuration 清除下次启动时加载的配置文件

VRP系统更新-从TFTP服务器获取VRP

tftp 10.1.1.2 get AR2220E-V200R003C00SPC600.cc
startup system-software ARxxx.cc
reboot

交换机基本配置

[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo negotiation auto 改变接口工作模式
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]duplex full 以太网端口的双工模式

STP

stp mode stp/rstp/mstp 改变STP模式
stp root primary/secondary 交换机配置为根桥/备份根桥
stp priority 配置根桥选举优先级，取值越小优先级越高
stp port priority 修改端口优先级，取值越小优先级越高
stp cost 修改端口开销值

RSTP

stp edged-port enable 配置边缘端口
stp bpdu-protection 配置BPDU保护功能
stp loop-protection 配置环路保护功能，主要在根端口和Alternate端口配置

OSPF单区域配置

在这里插入图片描述
首先完成IP配置

配置OSPF
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1 默认进程号为1，进程号只有本地意义，同一路由域的不同路由器可以使用相同或不同的OSPF进程号
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.255

[R2-ospf-1]dis th
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.255

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.255

display ospf interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 查看ospf接口信息
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 15 修改hello时间dead时间

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 LoopBack 2
[R3-ospf-1]default-route-advertise OSPF缺省路由发布，需开启默认路由通告

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 201 修改接口优先级

Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.0.13.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'s neighbors
Router ID: 10.0.3.3 Address: 10.0.13.3
State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 100 此处显示对端DR优先级
DR: 10.0.13.3 BDR: 10.0.13.1 MTU: 0
Dead timer due in 37 sec
Retrans timer interval: 5
Neighbor is up for 00:03:56
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

OSPF认证

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 huawei 接口和区域都可运行

DHCP接口地址池配置

dhcp enable 使能DHCP功能
dhcp select interface 关联接口地址池
dhcp server dns-list 指定接口地址池下的DNS服务器地址
dhcp server excluded-ip-address 设置不参与分配的IP地址范围
dhcp server lease 配置租用期

DHCP全局地址池配置

ip pool 创建全局地址池
network 配置全局地址池下可分配的网段地址
gateway-list 配置DHCP服务器全局地址池的出口网关地址
lease 配置租用期
dhcp select global 关联全局ip地址池

display ip pool 查看地址池信息

交换机端口启用DHCP发现

[SW1]dhcp enable
[SW1]interface Vlanif 1
[SW1-Vlanif1]ip address dhcp-alloc
交换机获取地址后会自动生成一条指向DHCP服务器的缺省静态路由

Telnet

认证模式

AAA AAA认证（用户名和密码）
Password 密码认证

[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
Please configure the login password (maximum length 16):huawei
telnet 10.0.12.1

二层链路聚合配置

[SW1]interface Eth-Trunk 1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]eth-trunk 1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 1
[SW2]interface Eth-Trunk 1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]eth-trunk 1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 1

[SW2]display interface Eth-Trunk 1 查看链路聚合信息

LACP链路聚合

[S1]interface Eth-Trunk 1
[S1-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp
[S1-Eth-Trunk1]quit
[S1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/9
[S1-GigabitEtherneto/0/9]eth-trunk 1
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]quit
[S1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/10
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]eth-trunk 1
[S2]interface Eth-Trunk 1
[S2-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp
[S2-Eth-Trunk1]quit
[S2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/09
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]eth-trunk 1
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]quit
[S2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/10
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]eth-trunk 1

三层链路聚合配置

[SW1]interface Eth-Trunk 1
[SW1-Eth-Trunk1]undo portswitch
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]eth-trunk 1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 1
[SW2]interface Eth-Trunk 1
[SW2-Eth-Trunk1]undo portswitch
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]eth-trunk 1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 1
三层链路聚合，需要执行undo port switch把聚合链路从二层转为三层链路，之后可以为Eth-Trunk逻辑口分配一个IP地址

VLAN配置

[SW1]vlan 10
[SW1]vlan batch 2 to 3

配置Access端口

[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access

添加端口到VLAN

[SW1-vlan2]port Ethernet 0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2

配置Trunk端口

[SW1-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk
[SW1-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3 修改允许通过的VLAN帧
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port trunk pvid vlan 2 修改缺省vlan

配置Hybrid端口

[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]dis th

interface Ethernet0/0/1
port hybrid pvid vlan 2 修改缺省VLAN

可选择对不同VLAN帧进行操作：
port hybrid untagged vlan 2 3 （连接用户）
port hybrid tagged vlan 2 3 （连接交换机）

VLAN路由

如果不同VLAN不属于同一个网段，则需要三层路由

  1. 每个VLAN一个物理路由器连接
  2. 单臂路由（需开启dot1q和arp broadcast）
  3. 三层交换（vlanif）

配置三层交换

先添加vlan，vlan加入端口
[SW2]interface Vlanif 2
[SW2-Vlanif2]ip address 192.168.2.254 24

三层交换实验

在这里插入图片描述

1.在S1和S2上批量创建VLAN3到VLAN7
2.配置Eth-Trunk链路
3.配置VLANIF三层接口
4.为R1、R3、S3、和S4配置IP地址和缺省路由
5.检测VLAN3和VLAN4间的连通性
6.在S1和S2上配置OSPF协议

修改PVID使物理端口加入三层VLANIF逻辑接口->
VLANIF号和VLAN是绑定的，因此S1和S2之间的VLAN（PVID）要与VLANIF号相同，也包括其他网段
因为不能在交换机上配置物理IP地址，所以S3和S4使用本地管理接口VLANIF1配置IP地址
[s1]dis current-configuration 
#
sysname s1
#
vlan batch 3 to 7
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
diffserv domain default
#
drop-profile default
#
aaa
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default
 domain default_admin
 local-user admin password simple admin
 local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
#
interface Vlanif3
 ip address 10.0.3.254 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif4
 ip address 10.0.4.254 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif5
 ip address 10.0.5.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk pvid vlan 5
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port hybrid pvid vlan 4
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
 port hybrid pvid vlan 3
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
#
interface NULL0
#
ospf 1
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return

[s2]dis current-configuration 
#
sysname s2
#
vlan batch 3 to 7
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
diffserv domain default
#
drop-profile default
#
aaa
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default
 domain default_admin
 local-user admin password simple admin
 local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
#
interface Vlanif5
 ip address 10.0.5.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif6
 ip address 10.0.6.254 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif7
 ip address 10.0.7.254 255.255.255.0
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk pvid vlan 5
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port hybrid pvid vlan 6
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
 port hybrid pvid vlan 7
 port hybrid untagged vlan 3 to 7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
 eth-trunk 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
#
interface NULL0
#
ospf 1
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return

[r1]dis current-configuration 
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r1
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.4.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.4.254
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

[r3]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r3
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 10.0.6.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface NULL0
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.6.254
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return


[s3]dis cu
#
sysname s3
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
diffserv domain default
#
drop-profile default
#
aaa
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default
 domain default_admin
 local-user admin password simple admin
 local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
 ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
#
interface NULL0
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.3.254
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return

[s4]dis cu
#
sysname s4
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
diffserv domain default
#
drop-profile default
#
aaa
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default
 domain default_admin
 local-user admin password simple admin
 local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
 ip address 10.0.7.4 255.255.255.0
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
#
interface NULL0
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.7.254
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return

串行链路协议HDLC

[RTA-Ssrial1/0/0]link-protocol hdlc

HDLC接口地址借用

[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ip address unnumbered interface looBack 0
[RTA]ip route-static 10.1.1.0 24 Serial 1/0/0 借用接口地址还需配置静态路由

串行链路协议PPP

有CHAP（加密） PAP认证
LCP可检测链路环境
NCP可适应不同网络层协议

[RTA-Ssrial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp

PAP

[RTA]aaa
[RTA-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher huawei123
[RTA-aaa]local-user huawei service-type ppp
[RTA]interface serial 1/0/0
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ppp authentication-mode pap
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.130

[RTB]interface serial 1/0/0
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]ppp pap local-user huawei password cipher huawei123
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 30

CHAP

[RTA]aaa
[RTA-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher huawei123
[RTA-aaa]local-user huawei service-type ppp
[RTA]interface Serial 1/0/0
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ppp authentication-mode chap
[RTB]interface Serial 1/0/0
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]ppp chap user huawei
[RTB-Serial1/0/0]ppp chap password cipher huawei123

NAT

  1. 静态NAT
  2. 动态NAT
  3. NAPT
  4. Easy IP
  5. NAT服务器

静态NAT

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 200.10.10.2 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat static global 202.10.10.1 inside 192.168.1.1

NAT服务器

[RTA]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/]ip address 192.168.1.254 24
[RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface serial1/0/0
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]ip address 200.10.10.2 24
[RTA-Serial1/0/0]nat server protocol tcp global 202.10.10.1 www inside 192.168.1.1 8080
公网访问内网

基本ACL

[Huawei]acl 2000
[Huawei-acl-basic-2000]rule deny source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]traffic-filter outbound acl 2000

[Huawei]display traffic-filter applied-record

高级ACL

[Huawei]acl 3000
[Huawei-acl-adv-3000]rule deny tcp source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.
16.10.1 0.0.0.0 destination-port eq 21
[Huawei-acl-adv-3000]rule permit ip 最后一条规则需匹配所有IP报文，对报文执行允许动作
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]traffic-filter outbound acl 3000

ACL应用-动态NAT

[Huawei]acl 2000
[Huawei-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[Huawei-acl-basic-2000]acl 2001
[Huawei-acl-basic-2001]rule permit source 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000 address-group 1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2001 address-group 2 no-pat
私网192.168.1.0/24使用地址池1进行转换
私网192.168.2.0/24使用地址池2进行转换,no-pat表示不转换端口信息

ACL应用-EASY IP

[RTA] acl 2000
[RTA-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RTA-acl-basic-2000]quit
[RTA]interface serial1/0/0
[RTA-serial1/0/0]nat outbound 2000
将多个内部地址映射到网关出接口地址上的不同端口

AAA

[RTA-aaa] local-user huawei@huawei password cipher huawei123
[RTA-aaa] local-user huawei@huawei service-type telnet
[RTA-aaa] local-user huawei@huawei privilege level 0
[RTA]user-interface vty 04
[RTA-ui-vty0-4 ] authentication-mode aaa

GRE

1.创建隧道接口
[r1]interface Tunnel 0/0/0 //创建隧道接口
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0lip address 192.168.3.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre //定义封装方式

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 12.0.0.1 //定义封装内容，注意是物理接口IP地址
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 23.0.0.3

双方均需要进行GRE配置
2.配置虚拟静态路由条目

修改OSPF接口Cost值

[r1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ospf cost 20
[r1-LoopBack0]ospf cost 20

配置OSPF的Silent-linterface

[r1-ospf-1]silent-interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0

OSPF多区域实验

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
任务思路

  1. 设备 IP 地址配置。
  2. 按照规划配置 OSPF 区域。
  3. 检查 OSPF 配置结果，检查 OSPF 邻居关系状态，在 ABR 上查看 OSPF LSDB。
  4. 在 ABR、ASBR 上配置路由汇总，减少区域间、外部路由数量。
  5. 修改 OSPF 的参考带宽值。
  6. 在 OSPF 中引入缺省路由。
  7. 修改 OSPF 域内、域间路由和域外路由的缺省路由优先级。
1.修改LoopBack接口网络类型为Broadcast，路由汇总
2.[R1-ospf-1] bandwidth-reference 10000  修改OSPF带宽参考值，所有设备统一
3.#使用 R1 的 Loopback0 接口模拟 Internet 接入，在 R1 上配置缺省路由，且出接口指定为Loopback0
	[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 LoopBack 0
	#将缺省路由引入到 OSPF，指定外部路由类型为 1
	[R1-ospf-1] default-route-advertise always type 1
4.#修改 R1、R3 设备上的 OSPF 区域内和区域之间的路由优先级为 20，修改 OSPF 外部路由的优先级为 50
	[R1]ospf 1
	[R1-ospf-1] preference 20 
	[R1-ospf-1] preference ase 50
	[R3-ospf-1] preference 20
	[R3-ospf-1] preference ase 50

[r1]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r1
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 10.0.123.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1 
 default-route-advertise always type 1
 area 0.0.0.2 
  network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.0.123.0 0.0.0.255 
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 LoopBack0
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

[r2]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r2
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 10.0.24.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.123.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 10.2.0.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface LoopBack2
 ip address 10.2.1.1 255.255.255.0 
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2 
 asbr-summary 10.2.0.0 255.255.254.0
 import-route direct
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.0.24.0 0.0.0.255 
 area 0.0.0.2 
  abr-summary 10.3.0.0 255.255.254.0
  network 10.0.123.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

[r3]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r3
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 10.0.123.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 10.3.0.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
interface LoopBack2
 ip address 10.3.1.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3 
 area 0.0.0.2 
  network 10.0.3.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.0.123.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.3.0.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r4>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r4
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 10.0.24.4 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.45.4 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.4.4 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.4.4 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.4.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.0.24.0 0.0.0.255 
 area 0.0.0.1 
  abr-summary 10.5.0.0 255.255.254.0
  network 10.0.45.0 0.0.0.255 
 area 0.0.0.2 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r5>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r5
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.45.5 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
interface LoopBack1
 ip address 10.5.0.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
interface LoopBack2
 ip address 10.5.1.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.5.5 
 area 0.0.0.1 
  network 10.0.5.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.0.45.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.5.0.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.5.1.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

OSPF的邻接关系和LSA

在这里插入图片描述

任务思路

  1. 设备 IP 地址配置。
  2. 按照规划配置 OSPF 多区域。
  3. 检查 OSPF 配置结果，检查 OSPF 邻居关系状态，检查 OSPF 路由表，检查 OSPFLSDB。
  4. 手动修改接口的 DR 优先级，人工干预 OSPF DR、BDR 的选举结果。
  5. 在 R5 上将直连路由引入到 OSPF 中，在 R1 上观察 Type-5 LSA。
  6. 单独观察 Type-1 LSA、Type-2 LSA、Type-3 LSA、Type-4 LSA
  7. R1 上通过 debug 观察 OSPF LSU、LSAck、LSR 报文。
[r1]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r1
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.123.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf dr-priority 0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.123.0 0.0.0.255 
 area 0.0.0.2 
  network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r2>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r2
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.123.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.0.123.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

[r3]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r3
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.123.3 255.255.255.0 
 ospf dr-priority 2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.3.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.0.123.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r4>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r4
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ospf dr-priority 0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.123.4 255.255.255.0 
 ospf dr-priority 0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 10.0.45.4 255.255.255.0 
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.4.4 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.4.4 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.4.0 0.0.0.255 
  network 10.0.123.0 0.0.0.255 
 area 0.0.0.1 
  network 10.0.45.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r5>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r5
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 10.0.45.5 255.255.255.0 
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.0 
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.5.5 
 import-route direct
 area 0.0.0.1 
  network 10.0.45.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

OSPF Stub区域与NSSA区域实验

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
任务思路

  1. 设备 IP 地址配置。
  2. 按照规划配置 OSPF 区域。
  3. 检查 OSPF 配置结果，检查 OSPF 邻居关系状态，检查 OSFP 路由表。
  4. 在 R2、R5 上将外部路由引入到 OSPF 中。
  5. 配置区域 2 为 Stub 区域，观察区域 2 内 OSPF 路由表、LSDB 的变化。
  6. 配置区域 1 为 NSSA 区域，观察区域 1 内 OSPF 路由表、LSDB 的变化。
  7. 查看 R4 的 OSPF 路由器身份，在 R4 上观察 Type-7 LSA 向 Type-5 LSA 的转换。
<r1>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r1
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.13.1 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1 
 area 0.0.0.2 
  network 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.255 
  stub 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r2>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r2
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 10.0.23.2 255.255.255.0 
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2 
 default-route-advertise cost 20 type 1
 area 0.0.0.3 
  network 10.0.23.0 0.0.0.255 
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 LoopBack0
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r3>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r3
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 10.0.23.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.13.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 10.0.34.3 255.255.255.0 
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.3.3 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.34.0 0.0.0.255 
 area 0.0.0.2 
  network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.255 
  stub no-summary
 area 0.0.0.3 
  network 10.0.23.0 0.0.0.255 
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r4>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r4
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.45.4 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 10.0.34.4 255.255.255.0 
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.4.4 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 
 area 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0 
  network 10.0.34.0 0.0.0.255 
 area 0.0.0.1 
  network 10.0.45.0 0.0.0.255 
  nssa
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

<r5>dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
 sysname r5
#
 snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
 snmp-agent 
#
 clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load flash:/portalpage.zip
#
 drop illegal-mac alarm
#
 wlan ac-global carrier id other ac id 0
#
 set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa 
 authentication-scheme default
 authorization-scheme default
 accounting-scheme default
 domain default 
 domain default_admin 
 local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
 local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
 priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 10.0.45.5 255.255.255.0 
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.0 
 ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.5.5 
 import-route direct
 area 0.0.0.1 
  network 10.0.45.0 0.0.0.255 
  nssa
#
user-interface con 0
 authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return

路由引入与路由控制实验

试试就逝世GG
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专栏目录
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【华为ENSP模拟器 VRP系统常用基础命令】
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VRP是华为的通信产品的一款操作系统，内部又有着华为公司不同系列的路由器、以太网交换机、业务网关等产品的软件核心引擎；好比手机的系统有Android、IOS等。
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DHCP release：DHCP inform：DHCP通告报文，客户端已经获取到了IP地址，此时客户端会向服务发送一个DHCP inform报文，向服务器请求IP地址。DHCP NAK：DHCP响应拒绝报文，这是服务器端对客户端的DHCP request报文的响应拒绝，比如：租期到期，客户端不在线。[R1-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 配置DNS服务器地址。端出现故障，导致其没法分配IP地址，则会给客户端发送一个DHCP NAK报文。
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背景 路由器R1是公司机房的一台设备（设备区），路由器R2（普通用户）和R3（网络管理员）模拟员工主机（办公区），使用交换机S1进行两者间的交流。在R1路由器上配置Telnet使用户能够远程管理机房设备，且Telnet需要使用密码认证，只有网络管理员能对设备进行配置和管理，普通用户仅能监控设备。 实验步骤 第一步：打开eNSP新建拓扑 第二步：选择设备 第三步：连接设备 第四步：启动设备（设备启动成功为绿色） 第五步：双击路由器进行设备配置： ...
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VRRP（Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol，虚拟路由器冗余协议）是一种网络协议，用于提供冗余的网关功能，确保网络中的设备能够自动切换到备用网关，从而实现网络的高可用性。在华为的企业网络模拟平台（ENSP）中，VRRP可以用于模拟和配置这种冗余功能。
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9、用Wireshark分别在R1和R2的GE0/0/0或GE0/0/1抓包，查看并分析数据包的来回路径，理解vrrp的流量分担并解释原因。6、对R2的GigabitEthernet0/0/0和GigabitEthernet0/0/1进行配置，并保存配置。2、在LSW1上创建vlan10，并将ge0/0/1，ge0/0/2和eth0/0/1都划分到vlan10。3、在LSW2上创建vlan20，并将ge0/0/1，ge0/0/2和eth0/0/1都划分到vlan20。2、R1、R2同时工作，流量分担。
华为虚拟机eNSP命令大全(所有命令)
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命令符 从用户视图切换到系统视图 system–view 从系统视图切换到用户视图 quit 连入接口命令 interface IP地址、子网掩码配置命令 ip address 接口IP信息查看命令 display ip interface brief IPv4路由表信息查询命令 display ip routing–table 配置完成退回视图界面命令 return 命令自动补全快捷键【Tab】...
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