【Gstreamer】自定义Plugin及调用Plugin

Gstreamer自定义Plugin及调用自定义Plugin

Gstreamer支持开发者自己创建Plugin，创建后的Plugin可以通过工具gst-inspect-1.0查看，并在代码中调用自定义的plugin。

Gstreamer 官网中给出了Plugin创建教程，但实际上如果按照教程一步步走，最后会因编译失败的问题无法编译出Plugin的lib库（至少目前在Ubuntu20.04是这样）

官网Plugin教程地址：
https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/documentation/plugin-development/basics/boiler.html?gi-language=c
这里结合Gstreamer 官网的教程，记录以下内容：

• 自定义Gstreamer Plugin
• 通过工具（gst-inspect-1.0）查看自定义Plugin信息
• 调用自定义的Plugin

系统：Ubuntu
Gstream版本：1.0
可以通过下述命令在Ubuntu上安装Gstreamer开发环境

apt-get install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-dev gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-tools gstreamer1.0-x gstreamer1.0-alsa gstreamer1.0-gl gstreamer1.0-gtk3 gstreamer1.0-qt5 gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio

编译的时候，通过pkg可以直接查询Gstreamer的头文件、lib等参数。

gcc xxxxx  `pkg-config --cflags --libs gstreamer-1.0`

关于Gstreamer的安装，官网给出了很详细的教程，参考官网即可。

自定义Gstreamer Plugin

下载Gstreamer提供的Plugin创建工具。

git clone https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gst-template.git

下载完之后目录大概是这样的。gst-plugin/tools/目录下的make_element就是用于创建Plugin的工具。
Gsteamer通过Plugin的方式，集成了大量的Element，每个Element提供了特定的功能，将这些Element连接在一起组成了Pipleline。

目前如果直接使用make_element，并使用gstreamer1.0版本编译生成的工具生成的源文件是编译不过的。所以通过git，将gst-template这个仓库切到特定提交。
我切到到了这个Commit。

然后执行make_element创建自定义的Plugin

cd gst-template/gst-plugin/src
../tools/make_element MyTestFilter

执行后，在“gst-template/gst-plugin/src”这个目下多出来两个文件 gstmytestfliter.h 和gstmytestfliter.c。这个两个就是MyTestFilter这个Plugin，对应的源码实现。简单分析一下源码。
gstmytestfliter.h这个头文件中，需要手动修改一处内容，否会会编译不过。

/*
 * GStreamer
 * Copyright (C) 2005 Thomas Vander Stichele <thomas@apestaart.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2005 Ronald S. Bultje <rbultje@ronald.bitfreak.net>
 * Copyright (C) 2020 Niels De Graef <niels.degraef@gmail.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2023  <<user@hostname.org>>
 * 
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the
 * GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 (the "LGPL"), in
 * which case the following provisions apply instead of the ones
 * mentioned above:
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Library General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the
 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
 * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
 */

#ifndef __GST_MYTESTFLITER_H__
#define __GST_MYTESTFLITER_H__

#include <gst/gst.h>

G_BEGIN_DECLS

#define GST_TYPE_MYTESTFLITER (gst_my_test_fliter_get_type())
G_DECLARE_FINAL_TYPE (GstMyTestFliter, gst_my_test_fliter,
    GST, MYTESTFLITER, GstElement)  
// 注意：
// 上一行底代码中的MYTESTFLITER是手动修改后的
// 工具生成的值是PLUGIN_TEMPLATE，如果不修改，编译时会失败（找不到GST_MYTESTFLITER这个定义）
struct _GstMyTestFliter
{
   
  GstElement element;

  GstPad *sinkpad, *srcpad;

  gboolean silent;
};

G_END_DECLS

#endif /* __GST_MYTESTFLITER_H__ */

gstmytestfliter.c：源码中主要关注两个函数，gst_my_test_fliter_class_init 用于初始化PluginClass（类似C++类的构造函数）； gst_my_test_fliter_init 用于初始化Element，当Plugin被创建时会调用这个函数。

/*
 * GStreamer
 * Copyright (C) 2005 Thomas Vander Stichele <thomas@apestaart.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2005 Ronald S. Bultje <rbultje@ronald.bitfreak.net>
 * Copyright (C) 2023  <<user@hostname.org>>
 * 
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the
 * GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 (the "LGPL"), in
 * which case the following provisions apply instead of the ones
 * mentioned above:
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distrib