备忘录模式

备忘录模式：主要目的是保存一个对象的某个状态，以便在适当的时候恢复对象。

模式角色：
- Originator(发起人)：负责创建一个备忘录Memento。
- Memento(备忘录)：负责存储Originator对象的内部状态。
- CareTaker(管理者)：负责保存好备忘录Memento

originator.java-（发起者类，用于创建一个新的备忘录，并保存状态）

public class Originator {

    //获取状态
    private String state;
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public void show(){
        System.out.println("State="+state);
    }
    //创建一个备忘录
    public Memento createMemento(){
        return new Memento(state);
    }
    //将创建的备忘录重新用于恢复状态
    public void setMemento(Memento memento){
        this.state=memento.getState();
    }

}

Memento.java-（备忘录类用于保存状态）

public class Memento {
    //存放的状态
    private String state;
    public Memento(String state){
        this.state=state;
    }
    //从外部获取备忘录中保存的状态
    public String getState(){
        return state;
    }
}

CareTaker.java-（专门用于存放备忘录的类）

public class CareTaker {
    //用于保存备忘录
    private Memento memento;
    public Memento getMemento() {
        return memento;
    }
    //将备忘录保存在CareTaker中
    public void saveMemento(Memento memento) {
        this.memento = memento;
    }
}

Test.java

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Originator o = new Originator();
        o.setState("ON");
        o.show();

        CareTaker c = new CareTaker();
        Memento memento = o.createMemento();
        c.saveMemento(memento);

        o.setState("OFF");
        o.show();
        //将备忘录信息恢复
        o.setMemento(c.getMemento());
        o.show();
    }
}

游戏进度备忘

Role.java-角色状态

public class Role {

    private int vit;
    private int atk;
    private int def;

    //获得初始状态
    public void getInitState(){
        this.vit=100;
        this.atk=100;
        this.def=100;
    }

    //战斗
    public void fight(){
        this.vit=0;
        this.atk=0;
        this.def=0;
    }

    //displayState
    public void stateDisplay(){
        System.out.println("角色当前状态：");
        System.out.println("体力："+this.vit);
        System.out.println("攻击力："+this.atk);
        System.out.println("防御力："+this.def);
    }

    //保存角色状态
    public RoleStateMemento saveState(){
        return new RoleStateMemento(vit,atk,def);
    }

    //恢复角色状态
    public void recoveryState(RoleStateMemento memento){
        this.vit=memento.getVit();
        this.atk=memento.getAtk();
        this.def=memento.getDef();
    }

    public int getVit() {
        return vit;
    }
    public void setVit(int vit) {
        this.vit = vit;
    }

    public int getAtk() {
        return atk;
    }
    public void setAtk(int atk) {
        this.atk = atk;
    }

    public int getDef() {
        return def;
    }
    public void setDef(int def) {
        this.def = def;
    }

}

RoleStateMemento.java-备忘录用于保存当前状态

public class RoleStateMemento {

    private int vit;
    private int atk;
    private int def;
    public RoleStateMemento(int vit,int atk,int def){
        this.vit=vit;
        this.atk=atk;
        this.def=def;
    }
    public int getVit() {
        return vit;
    }
    public void setVit(int vit) {
        this.vit = vit;
    }
    public int getAtk() {
        return atk;
    }
    public void setAtk(int atk) {
        this.atk = atk;
    }
    public int getDef() {
        return def;
    }
    public void setDef(int def) {
        this.def = def;
    }
}

RoleStateCaretaker.java-(存放备忘录)

public class RoleStateCaretaker {

    private RoleStateMemento memento;

    public RoleStateMemento getMemento() {
        return memento;
    }

    public void setMemento(RoleStateMemento memento) {
        this.memento = memento;
    }

}

Test.java

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Role role = new Role();

        role.getInitState();
        role.stateDisplay();
        //保存游戏进度
        RoleStateCaretaker roleStateCaretaker = new RoleStateCaretaker();
        roleStateCaretaker.setMemento(role.saveState());
        //大战Boss
        role.fight();
        role.stateDisplay();
        //恢复之前的状态
        role.recoveryState(roleStateCaretaker.getMemento());
        role.stateDisplay();

    }

}