windows下使用ffmpeg + DDRAW 截屏，并保存为图片

不清楚原理的看上篇文章《用DirectDraw实现屏幕截图》。

下面直接贴代码

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "ddraw.h"

extern "C"{
#include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
#include "libswscale/swscale.h"
}

void save_bmp(unsigned char * data,int data_size,int w,int h,FILE * out)
{
	// 位图文件头
	BITMAPFILEHEADER bmpheader; 
	BITMAPINFO bmpinfo; 
	int bit = 24;

	bmpheader.bfType = ('M' <<8)|'B'; 
	bmpheader.bfReserved1 = 0; 
	bmpheader.bfReserved2 = 0; 
	bmpheader.bfOffBits = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); 
	bmpheader.bfSize = bmpheader.bfOffBits + w*h*bit/8;

	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biWidth = w; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biHeight = 0-h; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biBitCount = bit; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biSizeImage = 0; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 100; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 100; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biClrUsed = 0; 
	bmpinfo.bmiHeader.biClrImportant = 0;

	fwrite(&bmpheader,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),1,out); 
	fwrite(&bmpinfo.bmiHeader,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),1,out);
	fwrite(data,data_size,1,out);
}

int main()
{
	LPDIRECTDRAW7 lpddraw	= NULL,ddraw2;				// DDraw 对象
	DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd;// ddraw 显示表面 描述结构
	LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7  lpddsprimary = NULL;	// ddraw 主显示表面
	LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7  lpddsoffscr  = NULL;	// ddraw 离屏表面

	if (FAILED(DirectDrawCreateEx(NULL, (void **)&lpddraw, IID_IDirectDraw7, NULL)))
	{
		printf("DDraw create failed.\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (FAILED( lpddraw ->QueryInterface(IID_IDirectDraw7,(LPVOID *)&ddraw2)))
	{
		printf("Couldn't query the interface.\n");
		lpddraw ->Release();
		return -1;
	}
	// 窗口模式（设置协作级别）   
	lpddraw->SetCooperativeLevel(
		NULL,
		DDSCL_NORMAL | DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT
		);
	// 初始化 ddsd    
	ZeroMemory(&ddsd,sizeof(ddsd));     
	ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd);   //指定该结构所占的字节数 
	ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS/*使ddsCaps成员有效  *//*|DDSD_BACKBUFFERCOUNT打开后备缓冲标志*/;
	ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE/*|DDSCAPS_COMPLEX|DDSCAPS_FLIP创建一个带后备缓冲的主表面*/;
	// 创建主显示表面    
	if (FAILED(lpddraw->CreateSurface(&ddsd, &lpddsprimary, NULL)))    
	{     
		printf("Create primary Surface failed.\n");
		lpddraw ->Release();
		return -1;    
	}
	// 锁定surface
	HRESULT ddRval = DD_OK;
	do 
	{
		ddRval = lpddsprimary->Lock(NULL,&ddsd,DDLOCK_WAIT | DDLOCK_WRITEONLY,NULL);
	} while(ddRval == DDERR_WASSTILLDRAWING);
	printf("Lock Success.\n");
	
	// 获取surface信息
	DWORD dwBitDepth = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat.dwRGBBitCount;
	DWORD dwWidth = ddsd.dwWidth;
	DWORD dwHeight = ddsd.dwHeight;
	LONG lPitch = ddsd.lPitch;
	BYTE *lpData = (BYTE *)ddsd.lpSurface;//实际数据
	DWORD dwRBitMask = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat.dwRBitMask;
	DWORD dwGBitMask = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat.dwGBitMask;
	DWORD dwBBitMask = ddsd.ddpfPixelFormat.dwBBitMask;
	int len = dwWidth*dwHeight*dwBitDepth/8;
	BYTE * lpBuf = (BYTE*)malloc(len);//用于存储surface实际数据
	memset(lpBuf,0,len);
	memcpy(lpBuf,lpData,len);

	//解锁surface
	lpddsprimary->Unlock(0);

	//转换和缩放图片
	int dst_img_width = 400;
	int dst_img_height = 300;
	struct SwsContext * pSwsCtx = sws_getContext(
		dwWidth,dwHeight,PIX_FMT_BGRA,
		dst_img_width,dst_img_height,PIX_FMT_BGR24,
		SWS_BILINEAR,
		NULL,NULL,NULL);
	//先将图片转换为BGR24视频帧
	uint8_t * buffer = NULL;
	AVFrame * rgb_frame = avcodec_alloc_frame();
	buffer = (unsigned char *)av_malloc(avpicture_get_size(PIX_FMT_BGR24,dst_img_width,dst_img_height));
	avpicture_fill((AVPicture*)rgb_frame,(uint8_t *)buffer,PIX_FMT_BGR24,dst_img_width,dst_img_height);
	uint8_t *data[4] = {lpBuf,0,0,0};
	int linesize[4] = {dwWidth*dwBitDepth/8,0,0,0};
	//缩放图片
	sws_scale(pSwsCtx,data,linesize,0,dwHeight,rgb_frame ->data,rgb_frame ->linesize);

	//释放资源
	free(lpBuf);
	sws_freeContext(pSwsCtx);


	//写文件
	FILE * fp = fopen("test.bmp","wb");
	save_bmp(rgb_frame ->data[0],rgb_frame ->linesize[0]*dst_img_height,dst_img_width,dst_img_height,fp);
	fclose(fp);
	av_free(rgb_frame);
	av_free(buffer);


	//释放资源
	lpddsprimary ->Release();
	lpddraw ->Release();

	return 0;
}