Kotlin 10. Kotlin Dates 两种表现方式介绍

一起来学Kotlin：概念：10. Kotlin Dates 两种表现方式介绍

此文档介绍Kotlin Dates的两种书写方式。

这里先把相关的代码附上，我们可以在kotlin playground上直接运行：

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
import java.util.*
import java.time.LocalDate
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter
import java.time.Period

/**
 * You can edit, run, and share this code.
 * play.kotlinlang.org
 */
fun main() {
    println("First way of showing date time.")
    val timeNow = Calendar.getInstance().time.time
    println("current time in long: ${timeNow}")
    val dateTimeNow = dateAsString(timeNow)
    println("current time in date format: ${dateTimeNow}")
    val dateTime1DayAgo = dateAsString(timeNow-1000*60*60*24)
    println("Time 1 day ago in date format: ${dateTime1DayAgo}")
    
    println("Second way of showing date time.")
    val formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd-MM-yyyy")
	val date = LocalDate.parse("31-12-2018", formatter)
    println("specific time in date format: ${date}.")
    val dateInString = date.toString()
    println("specific time in string: ${date}.")
    val period = Period.of(1, 2, 3)		// This creates a Period of 1 year, 2 months and 3 days.
	val modifiedDate = date.plus(period)
    println("Time after adding 1 year, 2 months, 3 days, in date format: ${modifiedDate}.")
    val modifiedDateMinus = date.plus(period)
    println("Time after minusing 1 year, 2 months, 3 days, in date format: ${modifiedDateMinus}.")
    val date1 = LocalDate.parse("2018-06-25")
    val date2 = LocalDate.parse("2018-12-25")
    val period2 = Period.between(date1, date2)
    println("Time between date1 and date2 is: ${period2}.")	// P stands for Period and 6M means 6 months.
}

fun dateAsString(
    dateInMillis: Long,
    format: String = "dd.MM.yyyy HH:mm",
    locale: Locale = Locale.getDefault()
): String {
    val date = Date(dateInMillis)
    val formatter = SimpleDateFormat(format, locale)
    return formatter.format(date)
}

返回：

First way of showing date time.
current time in long: 1663254528651
current time in date format: 15.09.2022 15:08
Time 1 day ago in date format: 14.09.2022 15:08
Second way of showing date time.
specific time in date format: 2018-12-31.
specific time in string: 2018-12-31.
Time after adding 1 year, 2 months, 3 days, in date format: 2020-03-03.
Time after minusing 1 year, 2 months, 3 days, in date format: 2020-03-03.
Time between date1 and date2 is: P6M.

第一种 Dates 的使用方式是通过 Calendar。需要注意的是，Calendar.getInstance().time.time返回的是一个long的值。对应的数值很大，因为精确到millisecond。所以，当我们需要计算几天前几天后的某一个时间点时，只需要加减对应millisecond的值即可。dateAsString函数的作用是将Long格式的时间转化为"dd.MM.yyyy HH:mm"格式，方便在界面显示。我个人比较喜欢这一种时间的使用方式，方便存储，也方便显示。

第二种 Dates 的使用方式是通过 LocalDate。详细的使用方式参见上面的代码。这种方式也是比较简单直白的。