PyQt5图形和特效学习笔记

'''
    【简介】
     界面风格例子
    
'''

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5 import QtCore 
from PyQt5.QtGui  import *

class AppWidget( QWidget):
	def __init__(self, parent=None):
		super(AppWidget, self).__init__(parent)
		self.setWindowTitle("界面风格例子")
		horizontalLayout =  QHBoxLayout()
		self.styleLabel =  QLabel("Set Style:")
		self.styleComboBox =  QComboBox()
		# 增加 styles 从 QStyleFactory
		self.styleComboBox.addItems( QStyleFactory.keys())
		# 选择当前界面风格
		index = self.styleComboBox.findText(
					 QApplication.style().objectName(),
					QtCore.Qt.MatchFixedString)
		# 设置当前界面风格
		self.styleComboBox.setCurrentIndex(index)
		# 通过comboBox选择界面分割
		self.styleComboBox.activated[str].connect(self.handleStyleChanged)
		horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.styleLabel)
		horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.styleComboBox)
		self.setLayout(horizontalLayout)

	# 改变界面风格
	def handleStyleChanged(self, style):
		QApplication.setStyle(style)

if __name__ == "__main__":
	app =  QApplication(sys.argv)
	widgetApp = AppWidget()
	widgetApp.show()
	sys.exit(app.exec_())

设置窗口样式

PyQt使用setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowFlags)函数设置窗口样式

PyQt几种基本的窗口类型

自定义顶层窗口外观标志 

# 导入模块
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow , QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt 

### 自定义窗口类 
class MyWindow( QMainWindow):
    '''自定义窗口类'''
    ###  构造函数 
    def __init__(self,parent=None):
        '''构造函数'''
        # 调用父类构造函数
        super(MyWindow,self).__init__(parent)

        # 设置窗口标记（无边框 ）
        self.setWindowFlags(   Qt.FramelessWindowHint)
  
        # 便于显示，设置窗口背景颜色(采用QSS)
        self.setStyleSheet('''background-color:blue; ''')
    ###覆盖函数  
    def showMaximized(self):
        '''最大化'''
        # 得到桌面控件
        desktop = QApplication.desktop()
        # 得到屏幕可显示尺寸
        rect = desktop.availableGeometry()
        # 设置窗口尺寸
        self.setGeometry(rect)
        # 设置窗口显示
        self.show()

###  主函数     
if __name__ == "__main__":
    '''主函数'''
    # 声明变量
    app =  QApplication(sys.argv)
    # 创建窗口
    window = MyWindow()
    # 调用最大化显示
    window.showMaximized()
    # 应用程序事件循环
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

图像类

PyQt中常用的图像类有4个，即QPixmap、QImage、QPicture和QBitmap

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
"""
    【简介】
    使用paintEvent在窗口实现划线例子
    
    
"""

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication  ,QWidget 
from PyQt5.QtGui import   QPainter ,QPixmap
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt , QPoint

class Winform(QWidget):
	def __init__(self,parent=None):
		super(Winform,self).__init__(parent)
		self.setWindowTitle("绘图例子") 
		self.pix =  QPixmap()
		self.lastPoint =  QPoint()
		self.endPoint =  QPoint()
		self.initUi()
		
	def initUi(self):
		#窗口大小设置为600*500
		self.resize(600, 500)  
		# 画布大小为400*400，背景为白色
		self.pix = QPixmap(400, 400)
		self.pix.fill(Qt.white)
         
	def paintEvent(self,event):
		pp = QPainter( self.pix)
		# 根据鼠标指针前后两个位置绘制直线
		pp.drawLine( self.lastPoint, self.endPoint)
		# 让前一个坐标值等于后一个坐标值，
		# 这样就能实现画出连续的线
		self.lastPoint = self.endPoint
		painter = QPainter(self)
		painter.drawPixmap(0, 0, self.pix)	

	def mousePressEvent(self, event) :   
		# 鼠标左键按下  
		if event.button() == Qt.LeftButton :
			self.lastPoint = event.pos()   
			self.endPoint = self.lastPoint
	
	def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):	
		# 鼠标左键按下的同时移动鼠标
		if event.buttons() and Qt.LeftButton :
			self.endPoint = event.pos()
			#进行重新绘制
			self.update()

	def mouseReleaseEvent( self, event):
		# 鼠标左键释放   
		if event.button() == Qt.LeftButton :
			self.endPoint = event.pos()
			#进行重新绘制
			self.update()
			
if __name__ == "__main__":  
		app = QApplication(sys.argv) 
		form = Winform()
		form.show()
		sys.exit(app.exec_())

"""
    【简介】
   双缓冲绘图
    
    
"""

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication  ,QWidget 
from PyQt5.QtGui import   QPainter ,QPixmap
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt , QPoint

class Winform(QWidget):
	def __init__(self,parent=None):
		super(Winform,self).__init__(parent)
		self.setWindowTitle("双缓冲绘图例子") 
		self.pix =  QPixmap()
		self.lastPoint =  QPoint()
		self.endPoint =  QPoint()
		# 辅助画布
		self.tempPix = QPixmap()
		# 标志是否正在绘图
		self.isDrawing = False    
		self.initUi()
		
	def initUi(self):
		#窗口大小设置为600*500
		self.resize(600, 500);   
		# 画布大小为400*400，背景为白色
		self.pix = QPixmap(400, 400);
		self.pix.fill(Qt.white);
         
	def paintEvent(self,event):
		painter = QPainter(self)
		x = self.lastPoint.x()
		y = self.lastPoint.y()
		w = self.endPoint.x() - x
		h = self.endPoint.y() - y
					
		# 如果正在绘图，就在辅助画布上绘制
		if self.isDrawing :			
			# 将以前pix中的内容复制到tempPix中，保证以前的内容不消失
			self.tempPix = self.pix
			pp = QPainter( self.tempPix)
			pp.drawRect(x,y,w,h)
			painter.drawPixmap(0, 0, self.tempPix)
		else :
			pp = QPainter(self.pix )
			pp.drawRect(x, y, w, h)
			painter.drawPixmap(0, 0, self.pix)
		
	def mousePressEvent(self, event) :   
		# 鼠标左键按下   
		if event.button() == Qt.LeftButton :
			self.lastPoint = event.pos()   
			self.endPoint = self.lastPoint
			self.isDrawing = True
	
	def mouseReleaseEvent( self, event):	
		# 鼠标左键释放   
		if event.button() == Qt.LeftButton :
			self.endPoint = event.pos()
			#进行重新绘制
			self.update()
			self.isDrawing = False
						
if __name__ == "__main__":  
		app = QApplication(sys.argv) 
		form = Winform()
		form.show()
		sys.exit(app.exec_())