需求
1、该拓扑为公司网络,其中包括公司总部、公司分部以及公司骨干网,不包含运营商公网部分。
2、设备名称均使用拓扑上名称改名,并且区分大小写。
3、整张拓扑均使用私网地址进行配置。
4、整张网络中,运行OSPF协议或者BGP协议的设备,其Router-id值为设备名数字号,例如R1的Router-id为1.1.1.1、
5、OSPF路由宣告部分选择接口宣告方式,例如192.168.100.1 0.0.0.0;BGP仅宣告用户网段。
6、IBGP部分使用环回建立邻居,EBGP部分使用直连链路建立邻居,所有运行BGP的设备都需要建立邻居。
7、R1、R2、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10需要配置环回接口,环回接口IP为设备名数字号,掩码为32,例如R2的环回接口为2.2.2.2/32
8、所有PC的IP地址均手工配置。
公司分部:
1、PC5和PC6属于不同VLAN
2、SW4是一个二层交换机
3、SW3是一个三层交换机
4、R9是分部出口路由器
5、分部使用OSPF进程200达到分部网络全网可达
6、公司分部出口设备运行BGP协议连接骨干网络,AS号为100
7、因AS-PATH属性原因,总部与分部路由会学习不到,使用命令如(peer 10.10.10.10 allow-as-loop,仅在总部与分部设备上配置即可),将允许AS号重复。
公司总部:
1、交换机为二层交换机
2、PC1和PC2属于一个网段,PC3和PC4是一个网段
3、R3和R4分别是下方PC的网关路由器
4、为保障公司总部到骨干网络的连通性,公司总部使用双路由器双出口的方式接入骨干网
5、为保障公司总部网络内部具备负载,R1、R2、R3、R4设备均作为设备冗余,并使用全连接的方式进行路由选路
6、总部内网使用OSPF进程100达到全网可达,OSPF需要宣告环回。
7、公司总部双出口设备运行BGP协议连接骨干网络,AS号为100
8、因为R1和R2重发布时会出现次优路径,需要修改BGP路由优先级,使用命令(preference 140 255 255,仅在总部设备上配置即可),配置位置在iPv4-family unicast中。
公司骨干网:
1、为保障公司网络连通性,骨干网络考虑设备冗余操作,连接总部使用双路由器,骨干网络部分路由器之间使用双联路方式
2、骨干网设备运行OSPF协议达到骨干网全网可达,进程号为10。
3、骨干网设备运行BGP协议,AS号为200。使用全连接方式建邻。
优化:
1、为达到分流互备效果,公司总部业务部访问分部流量走R1,R2做备份;公司总部工程部访问分部流量走R2,R1做备份,并要求来回路径一致。
2、公司总部双出口流量均流向R5,R6做备份。来回路径一致。
3、OSPF重发布时,更改类型为Type-1
4、所有策略名称为policy-1
5、更改开销时,全部更改为10
划分ip
配置接口IP地址
R1
R1
sysname R1
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.100.9 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.10.10.41 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 192.168.100.17 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.5 255.255.255.252
interface LoopBack0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R2
sysname R2
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.100.13 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.10.10.42 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 192.168.100.5 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.13 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.9 255.255.255.252
interface loopback 0
ip address 2.2.2.2 32
R3
sysname R3
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.100.10 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
ip address 192.168.100.6 255.255.255.252
R4
sysname R4
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.100.14 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 192.168.100.2 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
ip address 192.168.100.18 255.255.255.252
R5
sysname R5
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.10.10.10 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.10.10.21 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.17 255.255.255.252
interface LoopBack0
ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255
R6
sysname R6
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.14 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.10.10.6 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.10.10.25 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.18 255.255.255.252
interface LoopBack0
ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255
R7
sysname R7
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.22 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.10.10.26 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.10.10.29 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.33 255.255.255.252
interface LoopBack0
ip address 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
R8
sysname R8
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.30 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.10.10.34 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.10.10.37 255.255.255.252
interface LoopBack0
ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.255
R9
sysname R9
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.38 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.200.2 255.255.255.252
interface LoopBack0
ip address 9.9.9.9 255.255.255.255
R10(此时注意将接口划分为两个子接口并且进行ip地址的配置,开启ARP广播系统)
sysname R10
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.252
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1
dot1q termination vid 10
ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0
arp broadcast enable
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2
dot1q termination vid 20
ip address 192.168.4.254 255.255.255.0
arp broadcast enable
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
interface LoopBack0
ip address 1.1.1.10 255.255.255.255
在SW4上,配置PC5和PC6所处的不同vlan
sysname SW4
undo info-center enable
vlan batch 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
port link-type access
port default vlan 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
配置ospf做到私网区域内全通
R1
ospf 100 router-id 1.1.1.1
area 0.0.0.0
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.9 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.17 0.0.0.0
import-route bgp
R2
ospf 1 route-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.5 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.13 0.0.0.0
R3
ospf 100 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.0
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.1 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.6 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.10 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.1.254 0.0.0.0
R4
ospf 100 router-id 4.4.4.4
area 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.2 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.14 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.100.18 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.2.254 0.0.0.0
R5
ospf 10 router-id 5.5.5.5
area 0.0.0.0
network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.17 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.21 0.0.0.0
R6
ospf 10 router-id 6.6.6.6
area 0.0.0.0
network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.18 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.25 0.0.0.0
R7
ospf 10 router-id 7.7.7.7
area 0.0.0.0
network 7.7.7.7 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.22 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.26 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.29 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.33 0.0.0.0
R8
ospf 10 router-id 8.8.8.8
area 0.0.0.0
network 8.8.8.8 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.30 0.0.0.0
network 10.10.10.34 0.0.0.0
R9
ospf 200 router-id 9.9.9.9
area 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.200.2 0.0.0.0
R10
ospf 200 router-id 10.10.10.10
area 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.200.1 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.3.254 0.0.0.0
network 192.168.4.254 0.0.0.0
在边界路由器上配置重发布
R1
ospf 100 router-id 1.1.1.1
import-route bgp
R2
ospf 100 router-id 2.2.2.2
import-route bgp
R9
ospf 200 router-id 9.9.9.9
import-route bgp
同AS中配置IBGP,不同AS配置EBGP,通过环回接口建立对等体
R1
bgp 100
router-id 1.1.1.1
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 100
Peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface loopBack 0
peer 10.10.10.2 as-number 200
peer 10.10.10.6 as-number 200
Peer 10.10.10.2 allow-as-loop
Peer 10.10.10.2 allow-as-loop
R2
bgp 100
router-id 2.2.2.2
peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100
peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 10.10.10.10 as-number 200
peer 10.10.10.14 as-number 200
Peer 10.10.10.10 allow-as-loop
Peer 10.10.10.14 allow-as-loop
R5
bgp 200
router-id 5.5.5.5
peer 10.10.10.1 as-number 100
peer 10.10.10.9 as-number 100
peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 200
peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 200
peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 200
peer8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local
peer 8.8.8.8 next-hop-local
R6
bgp 200
router-id 6.6.6.6
peer 10.10.10.5 as-number 100
peer 10.10.10.13 as-number 100
peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 200
peer 5.5.5.5connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 200
peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack0
Peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 200
peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local
peer 8.8.8.8 next-hop-local
R7
bgp 200
router-id 7.7.7.7
peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 200
peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 200
peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 200
peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack0
R8
bgp 200
router-id 8.8.8.8
peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 200 ——IBGP
peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 200 ——IBGP
peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 200 ——IBGP
peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 10.10.10.38 as-number 100——EBGP
peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local
peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local
peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local
R9
bgp 100
router-id 9.9.9.9
peer 10.10.10.37 as-number 200
peer 10.10.10.37 allow-as-loop
R10
bgp 300
router-id 1.1.1.10
peer 9.9.9.9 as-number 300
peer 9.9.9.9 connect-interface LoopBack0
network 192.168.3.0
network 192.168.4.0
peer 9.9.9.9 next-hop-local
network 1.1.1.10 0.0.0.0
抓取路由信息,干涉选路,防止次优路径,做到链路冗余
R1
[R1-bgp]ipv4-family
[R1-bgp]ipv4-family unicast
[R1-bgp-af ipv4]preterence 140 255 255
[R1]ip ip-prefix policy-1 permit 192.168.2.0 24
[R1]route-poliey policy-1 permit node 10
[R1-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix policy-1
[R1-route-policy]apply cost 10
[R1]route-pollcy policy-1 permit node 20
[R1-bgp]peer 10.10.10.2 route-policy policy-1 export
[R1-bgp]peer 10.10.10.6 route-policy policy-1 export
R2
[R2-bgp]ipv4-family
[R2-bgp]ipv4-family unicast
[R2-bgp-af ipv4]preterence 140 255 255
[R2]ip ip-prefix policy-1 permit 192.168.1.0 24
[R2]route-poliey policy-1 permit node 10
[R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix policy-1
[R2-route-policy]apply cost 10
[R2]route-pollcy policy-1 permit node 20
[R2-bgp]peer 10.10.10.10 route-policy policy-1 export
[R2-bgp]peer 10.10.10.14 route-policy policy-1 export
R6
[R6]route-poliey policy-1 permit node 10
[R6-route-policy]apply cost 10
[R6]route-pollcy policy-1 permit node 20
[R6-bgp]peer 10.10.10.5 route-policy policy-1 export
[R6-bgp]peer 10.10.10.13 route-policy policy-1 export