互联网的局限

互联网的局限
　　Much of the Internet’s current infrastructure is several decades old (equivalent to a century in Internet time). It suffers from a number of limitations, including:

　　Bandwidth limitations. There is insufficient capacity throughout the backbone, the metropolitan switching centers, and most importantly, to the “last mile” to the house and small business. The result is slow service (congestion) and a very limited ability to handle video and voice traffic.

　　许多因特网现在的基础设施是几十年以前的(在因特网时代等于一个世纪)。它承受许多限制,包括:

　　带宽限制。在主干、城市交换中心和最重要的最终对家庭和小型企业都存在着容量不足的问题。其结果是极慢的服务(阻塞)和相当有限的处理音频、视频的能力。

　　·Quality of service limitations. Today’s information packets take a circuitous route to get to their final destinations. This creates the phenomenon of latency— delays in messages caused by the uneven flow of information packets through the network. In the case of e-mail, latency is not noticeable. However, with streaming video and synchronous communication, such as a telephone call, latency is noticeable to the user and perceived as “jerkiness” in movies or delays in voice communication. Today’s Internet uses “best efforts” quality of service, (QOS), which makes no guarantees about when or whether data will be delivered, and provides each packet with the same level of service, no matter who the user is or what type of data is contained in the packet. A higher level of service quality is required if the Internet is to keep expanding into new services (such as video on demand or telephony).

　　服务品质限制。今天的信息包需经过迂回路径到达目的地。这就产生了等待时间的现象——由于信息包通过网络时流动不畅通引起的信息延迟。就电子邮件来说，等待时间不引人注目。然而对于视频流和同步通信例如电话呼叫，等待时间对使用者是显而易见的并且在电影中感觉到"抖动"或在声音通信中感到延迟。今天的因特网使用"最大努力"的服务品质,对数据何时或是否被递送没有任何保证;而且无论使用者是谁或信息包中包含什么类型的数据，提供每个信息包相同水平的服务。如果因特网要继续扩大新的服务，就需要较高水平的服务质量(例如随选视频服务或声音传送)。

　　·Network architecture limitations. Today, a thousand requests for a single music track from a central server will result in a thousand efforts by the server to download the music to each requesting client. This slows down network performance as the same music track is sent out a thousand times to clients that might be located in the same metropolitan area. This is very different from television, where the program is broadcast once to millions of homes.

　　网络结构限制。今天，对来自一个中央服务器的一个音乐辑发出一千个请求，将会造成服务器为每个请求的客户机下载音乐而动作一千次。当同一个音乐辑被送出一千次到可能位于相同城区的客户机，就减慢了网络性能。这非常不同于电视,电视节目一次对数以百万计的家庭广播。

　　·Language development limitations. HTML, the language of Web pages, is fine for text and simple graphics, but poor at defining and communicating “rich documents” such as databases, business documents, or graphics. The tags used to define an HTML page are fixed and generic.

　　语言发展限制。HTML网页语言,对本文和简单的图形是好的,但在定义和传递如数据库、商业文件或图形等"富文件"时是不够的。用于定义HTML页的标签是固定的和通用的。

　　Now imagine an Internet at least 100 times as powerful as today’s Internet, an Internet not subjected to the limitations of bandwidth, protocols, architecture, and language detailed above. Welcome to the world of Internet II, and the next generation of e-commerce services and products.

　　现在想象一下因特网的功能至少是现在的100倍,想象一下一个不受上述带宽、协议、结构和语言限制的因特网。欢迎你到因特网II的世界和下一代电子商务服务与产品的世界。