V4L2总结(4)_代码示例_2__zzhere2007

//V4L2使用示例程序
//来源：网络
//时间：2013.08.27
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
 
#include <getopt.h>           
 
#include <fcntl.h>            
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
 
#include <asm/types.h>        
#include <linux/videodev2.h>
 
#define CLEAR(x) memset (&(x), 0, sizeof (x))
 
struct buffer {
        void *                  start;
        size_t                  length;
};
 
static char *           dev_name        = "/dev/video0";//摄像头设备名
static int              fd              = -1;
struct buffer *         buffers         = NULL;
static unsigned int     n_buffers       = 0;
 
FILE *file_fd;
static unsigned long file_length;
static unsigned char *file_name;
//
//获取一帧数据
//
static int read_frame (void)
{
	struct v4l2_buffer buf;
	unsigned int i;
 
	CLEAR (buf);
	buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
	buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
	int ff = ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &buf);
	if(ff<0)
	printf("failture\n"); //出列采集的帧缓冲
 
	assert (buf.index < n_buffers);
	printf ("buf.index dq is %d,\n",buf.index);
 
	fwrite(buffers[buf.index].start, buffers[buf.index].length, 1, file_fd); //将其写入文件中
 
	ff=ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf); //再将其入列
	if(ff<0)
	{printf("failture VIDIOC_QBUF\n");}
	return 1;
}
 
int main (int argc,char ** argv)
{
	struct v4l2_capability cap;             //摄像头设备属性
	struct v4l2_format fmt;                 //视频捕获帧格式
	struct v4l2_fmtdesc fmt1;
	unsigned int i;
	enum v4l2_buf_type type;
   int ret;
	file_fd = fopen("test-mmap.jpg", "w");                           //打开图片
 
	fd      = open (dev_name, O_RDWR /* required */ | O_NONBLOCK, 0);//打开视频设备
 
	int ff  = ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QUERYCAP, &cap);                     //获取摄像头参数
	if(ff<0) printf("failture VIDIOC_QUERYCAP\n");
 
    memset(&fmt1, 0, sizeof(fmt1));                                  
    fmt1.index = 0;
    fmt1.type  = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    while ((ret = ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT, &fmt1)) == 0)           //获取当前支持的格式
    {
              fmt1.index++;
              printf("{ pixelformat = '%c%c%c%c', description = '%s' }\n",
                            fmt1.pixelformat & 0xFF, 
							(fmt1.pixelformat >> 8) & 0xFF,
                            (fmt1.pixelformat >> 16) & 0xFF, 
							(fmt1.pixelformat >> 24) & 0xFF,
                            fmt1.description);            
    }
	CLEAR (fmt);
	fmt.type                = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
	fmt.fmt.pix.width       = 640;
	fmt.fmt.pix.height      = 480;
	fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_JPEG;        //V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;//V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420;//V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
	fmt.fmt.pix.field       = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
	ff = ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &fmt); //设置图像格式
	if(ff<0)
	printf("failture VIDIOC_S_FMT\n");
	file_length = fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline * fmt.fmt.pix.height; //计算图片大小
 
	struct v4l2_requestbuffers req;
	CLEAR (req);
	req.count               = 1;
	req.type                = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
	req.memory              = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
 
	ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &req);                               //申请缓冲，count是申请的数量
	if(ff<0)
	printf("failture VIDIOC_REQBUFS\n");
	if (req.count < 1)
	printf("Insufficient buffer memory\n");
 
	buffers = calloc (req.count, sizeof (*buffers));//内存中建立对应空间
 
	for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers < req.count; ++n_buffers)
	{
	struct v4l2_buffer buf;   //驱动中的一帧
	CLEAR (buf);
	buf.type        = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
	buf.memory      = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
	buf.index       = n_buffers;
	
	if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &buf)) //映射用户空间
    printf ("VIDIOC_QUERYBUF error\n");
 
	buffers[n_buffers].length = buf.length;
	buffers[n_buffers].start =
	mmap (NULL /* start anywhere */,    //通过mmap建立映射关系
    buf.length,
    PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE /* required */,
    MAP_SHARED /* recommended */,
    fd, buf.m.offset);
 
	if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[n_buffers].start)
    printf ("mmap failed\n");
        }
 
	for (i = 0; i < n_buffers; ++i)
	{
		struct v4l2_buffer buf;
		CLEAR (buf);
 
		buf.type        = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
		buf.memory      = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
		buf.index       = i;
 
		if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf))//申请到的缓冲进入列队
		printf ("VIDIOC_QBUF failed\n");
}
               
	type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
 
	if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &type)) //开始捕捉图像数据
		printf ("VIDIOC_STREAMON failed\n");
 
	for (;;) //这一段涉及到异步IO
	{
   fd_set fds;
   struct timeval tv;
   int r;
 
   FD_ZERO (&fds);//将指定的文件描述符集清空
   FD_SET (fd, &fds);//在文件描述符集合中增加一个新的文件描述符
 
   /* Timeout. */
   tv.tv_sec = 2;
   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 
   r = select (fd + 1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv);//判断是否可读（即摄像头是否准备好），tv是定时
 
   if (-1 == r) {
    if (EINTR == errno)
     continue;
    printf ("select err\n");
                        }
   if (0 == r) {
    fprintf (stderr, "select timeout\n");
    exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
                        }
 
   if (read_frame ())//如果可读，执行read_frame ()函数，并跳出循环
   break;
}
 
unmap:
for (i = 0; i < n_buffers; ++i)
   if (-1 == munmap (buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length))
    printf ("munmap error");
type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;  
        if (-1 == ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, &type))  
            printf("VIDIOC_STREAMOFF");
close (fd);
fclose (file_fd);
exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
return 0;
}