谈移动IPv4和IPv6中的路由机制
李瑞刚 范丽花
摘要
在标准IP协议中,路由路径的优化是通过路由协议对路由表的加以维护与更新。然而对于移动节点,这种机制并不适用。通信对端节点到移动节点数据分组的转发总是必须经过家乡代理。路由优化机制使得数据可以双向直接选路。同时路由优化还提供了对于平滑切换的支持。此外,由于IPv6的新特性,使得IP协议对于移动性有了更好的支持。
关键词
家乡代理,家乡地址,转交地址,绑定缓存
Abstract
In standard IP routing routes are constantly optimized as routing tables are propagated throughout the Internet. In the case of mobile hosts that wish to use their home addresses this mechanism does not work. Thus while communicating sub-optimal routing often takes place. The problem results from the routing of packets to the mobile node via its home agent. Route optimization enables the datagrams to be routed directly in both directions. Route optimization also provides support for smooth handoffs. Additionally, with the new characteristics of IPv6, better mobility support can be resulted from Internet Protocol.
keyword
home agent, home address, care-of address, binding cache, triangle routing
1. 引言
移动IP是IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)制定的扩展IP网络移动性的系列标准,该标准是使连接到任何网络上的移动终端使用一个固定的IP地址并能够持续接收IP包的技术。RFC2002 IP Mobility Support是移动IP的主要标准,其中详细描述了移动IP的构架和工作机制。
2. 移动IP协议的原理
移动IP协议工作原理大致如下图:
1) 移动终端在家网时,仍按传统的TCP/IP方式进行通信,不需要使用移动IP协议。 <