计算机图像处理代码的学习

通过最近学习的计算机图像处理的课程，我了解了图片具有灰度和彩色的区别，并且学习了通过具体的代码文件将一些图片数据进行存储和转化。
具体的代码如下：

第一部分：头文件
hxlbmpfile.h
#include"stdio.h"
#include"windows.h"
#ifndef HXLBMPFILEH
#define HXLBMPFILEH
class HXLBMPFILE {
BYTE * pImageData;
BOOL IsBMPFile(FILE* f);
int GetBytes1Line();
BOOL GetPara(FILE* f);
BOOL Get8BMPData(FILE* f);
BOOL Get24BMPData(FILE* f);
void SaveFileHeader(FILE* f);
void SaveInfoHeader(FILE* f);
BOOL Save8BMPData(FILE* f);
BOOL Save24BMPData(FILE* f);
public:
int iImagew,iImageh;
int iYRGBnum;//1：灰度，3：彩色
RGBQUAD rgbPalette[256];
BYTEpDataAt(int h,int Y0R0G1B2=0);
BOOL IspImageDataOk();
BOOL LoadBMPFile(charfname);
BOOL SaveBMPFile(char*fname);
HXLBMPFILE();
~HXLBMPFILE();
};//提供函数框架，设置高度和宽度的数值

第二部分：
hxlbmpfile.cpp
#include"hxlbmpfile.h"
HXLBMPFILE::HXLBMPFILE() {
pImageData = NULL;
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
rgbPalette[i].rgbBlue =
rgbPalette[i].rgbGreen =
rgbPalette[i].rgbRed = i;
rgbPalette[i].rgbReserved = 0;
}
iYRGBnum = 0;
iImagew = iImageh = 0;
}
HXLBMPFILE::~HXLBMPFILE() {
if (pImageData)
delete[] pImageData;
}
BOOL HXLBMPFILE::IsBMPFile(FILE* f) {
fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
int flen = ftell(f);
BITMAPFILEHEADER fh;
fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
fread(&fh, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, f);
if (fh.bfType != 0x4d42) {//”BM”
fclose(f);
return false;
} if (fh.bfSize != flen) {
fclose(f);
return false;
}
return true;
}
BOOL HXLBMPFILE::IspImageDataOk() {
int size = iImagew * iImageh * iYRGBnum;
if (pImageData) {
delete[] pImageData;
pImageData = NULL;
}
pImageData = new BYTE[size];
if (pImageData) memset(pImageData, 0, size);
return pImageData != NULL;
}
int HXLBMPFILE::GetBytes1Line() {
return (iImagew * iYRGBnum + 3) / 4 * 4;
}
BOOL HXLBMPFILE::GetPara(FILE* f) {
BITMAPINFOHEADER ih;
fread(&ih, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, f);
if (ih.biBitCount != 8) { //只调用8位和24位
if (ih.biBitCount != 24){
fclose(f);
return FALSE;
}
}
iYRGBnum = ih.biBitCount / 8;//1
iImagew = ih.biWidth;
iImageh = ih.biHeight;
fseek(f, 14 + ih.biSize, SEEK_SET);
if (iYRGBnum == 1)
fread(rgbPalette, sizeof(RGBQUAD), 256, f);
return TRUE;
}
BYTE* HXLBMPFILE::pDataAt(int h, int Y0R0G1B2) {
int iRGB = Y0R0G1B2 * iImagew;
if (iYRGBnum <= Y0R0G1B2) iRGB = 0;
return pImageData + h * iImagew + iRGB;
}BOOL HXLBMPFILE::Get8BMPData(FILE* f) {
int w4b = GetBytes1Line();
BYTE* ptr = NULL;
ptr = new BYTE[w4b];
if (!ptr) return FALSE;
for (int i = iImageh - 1; i >= 0; i–) {
fread(ptr, w4b, 1, f);
memmove(pDataAt(i), ptr, iImagew);
}
delete[] ptr;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL HXLBMPFILE::Get24BMPData(FILE* f) {
int w4b = GetBytes1Line();
BYTE* ptr = NULL;
ptr = new BYTE[w4b];
if (!ptr) return FALSE;
for (int i = iImageh - 1; i >= 0; i–) {
fread(ptr, w4b, 1, f);
for (int j = 0; j < iImagew; j++) {
(pDataAt(i, 0) + j) = (ptr + j * 3 + 2);
(pDataAt(i, 1) + j) = (ptr + j * 3 + 1);
(pDataAt(i, 2) + j) = (ptr + j * 3 + 0);
}
}
delete[] ptr;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL HXLBMPFILE::LoadBMPFile(char cFname) {
if (strlen(cFname) < 5) return FALSE;
FILE f = NULL;
f = fopen(cFname, “r+b”);
if (f == NULL) return FALSE;
if (!IsBMPFile(f)) return FALSE;
if (!GetPara(f)) {
fclose(f);
return FALSE;
}
if (!IspImageDataOk()) {
fclose(f);
return FALSE;
}
BOOL res = FALSE;
if (iYRGBnum == 1)
res = Get8BMPData(f);
else if (iYRGBnum == 3)
res = Get24BMPData(f);
fclose(f);
return res;
}
void HXLBMPFILE::SaveFileHeader(FILE f) {
BITMAPFILEHEADER fh;
memset(&fh, 0, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER));
fh.bfType = 0x4d42;
fh.bfOffBits = 14 + 40 +
((iYRGBnum == 1) ? 256 * sizeof(RGBQUAD) : 0);
fh.bfSize = fh.bfOffBits + iImageh * GetBytes1Line();
fwrite(&fh, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, f);
}
void HXLBMPFILE::SaveInfoHeader(FILE f) {
BITMAPINFOHEADER ih;
memset(&ih, 0, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));
ih.biSize = 40; ih.biPlanes = 1;
ih.biWidth = iImagew; ih.biHeight = iImageh;
ih.biBitCount = 8 * iYRGBnum;
ih.biSizeImage = iImageh * GetBytes1Line();
fwrite(&ih, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, f);
if (iYRGBnum == 1)
fwrite(rgbPalette, sizeof(RGBQUAD), 256, f);
}
BOOL HXLBMPFILE::Save8BMPData(FILE f) {
BITMAPINFOHEADER ih;
int w4b = GetBytes1Line();
BYTE ptr = new BYTE[w4b];
if (ptr == NULL) return FALSE;
memset(ptr, 0, w4b);
for (int i = ih.biHeight - 1; i >= 0; i–) {
memmove(ptr, pDataAt(i), ih.biWidth);
fwrite(ptr, w4b, 1, f);
}
delete[] ptr;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL HXLBMPFILE::Save24BMPData(FILE* f) {
BITMAPINFOHEADER ih;
int w4b = GetBytes1Line();
BYTE* ptr = new BYTE[w4b];
if (ptr == NULL) return FALSE;
memset(ptr, 0, w4b);
for (int i = ih.biHeight - 1; i >= 0; i–) {
for (int j = 0; j < ih.biWidth; j++) {
*(ptr + j * 3 + 2) = *(pDataAt(i, 0) + j);
*(ptr + j * 3 + 1) = *(pDataAt(i, 1) + j);
(ptr + j * 3 + 0) = (pDataAt(i, 2) + j);
}
fwrite(ptr, w4b, 1, f);
}
delete[] ptr;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL HXLBMPFILE::SaveBMPFile(char cFname) {
if (!pImageData) return FALSE;
if (strlen(cFname) < 5) return FALSE;
FILE f = NULL;
f = fopen(cFname, “w+b”);
if (f == NULL) return FALSE;
SaveFileHeader(f);
SaveInfoHeader(f);
BOOL res = FALSE;
if (iYRGBnum == 1) res = Save8BMPData(f);
else if (iYRGBnum == 3) res = Save24BMPData(f);
fclose(f);
return res;
}//将图片信息导入到文件里（注意导入的图像数据与实际图像数据顺序相反；还有调整图片的灰度与彩色问题）

第三部分：main部分

#include “hxlbmpfile.h”

void ImageProcessing(HXLBMPFILE* bmp) {
int i = 0, j = 0;
HXLBMPFILE bf;
bf.iImagew = bmp->iImagew;
bf.iImageh = bmp->iImageh;
bf.iYRGBnum = bmp->iYRGBnum;
if (!bf.IspImageDataOk()) return;
for (i = 0; i < bf.iImageh; i++)
for (j = 0; j < bf.iImagew; j++) {
bf.pDataAt(i)[j] = 255 - bmp->pDataAt(i)[j];
}
bf.SaveBMPFile(“2.bmp”);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
HXLBMPFILE bmpfile;
if (!bmpfile.LoadBMPFile(“C:\Users\lenovo\Downloads\b8color.bmp”)) {
printf(“Load BMP file failed.”);
return 1;
}
// do other processing with the imagedata//
ImageProcessing(&bmpfile);

printf("program ends!\n");
return 0;

}

函数主体可以不发生改变，只需要改变函数的具体部分就可以进行灰度图片与彩色图片之间的转化。