Matlab：常见涡旋光束仿真

代码：

function main()
clc
clear
close all
%% 环形涡旋光束
N = 200;
lambda = 632e-9;    %波长为632nm
k = 2*pi/lambda;    %波数
w0 = 3;             %束腰半径
x = linspace(-10,10,N);
y = linspace(-10,10,N);
[X,Y] = meshgrid(x,y);
[theta,r] = cart2pol(X,Y);

beta = 50*pi/180;
figure;
for m = -4 : 4
    subplot(3,3,m+5)
    E1 = (r/w0).^abs(m).*exp(-r.^2/w0^2)*exp(1i*beta).*exp(-1i*m*theta);
    I1 = E1.*conj(E1);  I1 = I1/max(max(I1));
    
    %二维
    h1 = pcolor(X,Y,I1);
    colorbar;
    set(h1,'edgecolor','none','facecolor','interp');
    title(['m = ',num2str(m)]);
    axis square;
    
    %     %三维
    %     mesh(X,Y,I1)
    %     set(gca,'fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
    %     title(['m = ',num2str(m)],'fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
    %     %xlabel('x/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
    %     %ylabel('y/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
    %     %zlabel('归一化强度','fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
end
suptitle('环形涡旋光束：不同拓扑荷数(m)')   %为图一添加总标题
%% 贝塞尔-高斯光束
N = 200;
lambda = 632e-9;    %波长为632nm
k = 2*pi/lambda;    %波数
w0 = 3;             %束腰半径
x = linspace(-5,5,N);
y = linspace(-5,5,N);
[X,Y] = meshgrid(x,y);
[theta,r] = cart2pol(X,Y);
figure;
alpha = 5;
for m = -4 : 4
    subplot(3,3,m+5)
    E2 = besselj(m,alpha.*r).*exp(-r.^2/w0^2).*exp(-1i*m*theta); %使用了matlab内置的贝塞尔函数
    I2 = E2.*conj(E2);  I2 = I2/max(max(I2));
    
    %二维
    h2 = pcolor(X,Y,I2);
    colorbar;
    set(h2,'edgecolor','none','facecolor','interp');
    title(['m = ',num2str(m)]);
    %colormap(gray);        %输出灰度图像
    axis square;
    
    %     %三维
    %     mesh(X,Y,I2)           %三维
    %     set(gca,'fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
    %     title(['m = ',num2str(m)],'fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
    %     %xlabel('x/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
    %     %ylabel('y/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
    %     %zlabel('归一化强度','fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
end
suptitle('贝塞尔-高斯光束：不同拓扑荷数(m)')   %为图二添加总标题
%% 拉盖尔-高斯光束
N = 200;
lambda = 632e-9;    %波长为632nm
k = 2*pi/lambda;    %波数
w0 = 3e-3;          %光斑尺寸
x = linspace(-3*w0,3*w0,N);     y = x;
[X,Y] = meshgrid(x,y);
[theta,r] = cart2pol(X,Y);
Z_R = pi*w0^2/lambda;      %瑞利长度
z = 0;
w_z = w0*sqrt(1+(z/Z_R)^2);%光束在z位置的半径
figure;
p = 2;      %p = 0, 1, 2...;
for m = -4 : 4
    subplot(3,3,m+5)
    E3 = sqrt(2*factorial(p)/pi/(p+factorial(abs(m))))*(1/w_z)*(sqrt(2)*r/w_z).^abs(m)...
        .*exp(-r.^2/w_z^2).*laguerre(p,abs(m),2*r.^2/w_z^2).*exp(-1i*m*theta).*exp(-1i*k*z)...
        .*exp(-1i*k*r.^2*z/2/(z^2+Z_R^2))*exp(-1i*(2*p+abs(m)+1)*atan(z/Z_R));
    I3 = E3.*conj(E3);  I3 = I3/max(max(I3));
    
%     %二维
%     h3 = pcolor(X,Y,I3);
%     colorbar;
%     set(h3,'edgecolor','none','facecolor','interp');
%     title(['m = ',num2str(m)]);
%     %colormap(gray);        %输出灰度图像
%     axis square;
    
        %三维
        mesh(X,Y,I3)           %三维
        set(gca,'fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
        title(['m = ',num2str(m)],'fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
        xlabel('x/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
        ylabel('y/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
        zlabel('归一化强度','fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
end
suptitle(['拉盖尔-高斯光束：不同拓扑荷数(m)    p = ',num2str(p)])   %为图三添加总标题

end
%% 拉盖尔多项式(文献5中的公式)
function result = laguerre(p,l,x)
result = 0;
if p == 0
    result = 1;
elseif p == 1
    result = 1+abs(l)-x;
else
    result = (1/p)*((2*p+l-1-x).*laguerre(p-1,abs(l),x)-(p+l-1)*laguerre(p-2,abs(l),x));
end
end

运行结果：






代码仅供参考，不保证正确。
参考文献：
[1]宋晓芳. 不同拓扑荷数的涡旋光束衍射特性研究[D]. 山东师范大学, 2015.
[2]徐丽娟. 涡旋光束的产生及特性研究[D]. 浙江大学, 2014.
[3]吕百达. 激光光学：光束描述、传输变换与光腔技术物理[M]. 高等教育出版社, 2003.
[4]赵麒, 白忠臣, 周骅,等. 拉盖尔-高斯光束作用下熔石英温度及应力研究%Research of temperature and thermal stress of fused silica irradiated by Laguerre-Gaussian beam[J]. 激光技术, 2018, 042(001):121-126.
[5]石业娇. 面向Fredholm微分方程的广义拉盖尔多项式求解方法[J]. 湘潭大学自然科学学报, 2018, 040(001):31-35.

L-G光束相位：

%% 拉盖尔-高斯光束相位
function main()
%%
clc
clear
close all
%% 参数设置
Nxy = 512;          %x,y采样点
lambda = 632e-9;    %波长为632nm
k = 2*pi/lambda;    %波数
w = 3e-3;           %光斑尺寸
%   /* 坐标设置 */
[x,y] = meshgrid(linspace(-5*w,5*w,Nxy));
[theta,r] = cart2pol(x,y);
%   /* L-G光束参数 */
l = input('请输入拓扑荷数l：');         %拓扑荷数
p = input('请输入p：');                 %p = 0, 1, 2...;
z = input('请输入传输距离l：');         %传输距离-
Z_R = pi*w^2/lambda;        %瑞利长度
w_z = w*sqrt(1+(z/Z_R)^2);  %光束在z位置的半径
E = sqrt(2*factorial(p)/pi/(p+factorial(abs(l))))*(1/w_z)*(sqrt(2)*r/w_z).^abs(l)...
    .*exp(-r.^2/w_z^2).*laguerre(p,abs(l),2*r.^2/w_z^2).*exp(-1i*l*theta).*exp(-1i*k*z)...
    .*exp(-1i*k*r.^2*z/2/(z^2+Z_R^2))*exp(-1i*(2*p+abs(l)+1)*atan(z/Z_R));
I = E.*conj(E);  I = I/max(max(I));
figure; mesh(x*1e3,y*1e3,I); view(2);
set(gca,'fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
title(['{\itl}=',num2str(l),',{\itp}=',num2str(p),',{\itz}=',num2str(z),'m处的光强'],'fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
xlabel('\itx/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
ylabel('\ity/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
zlabel('归一化强度','fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
phase = angle(E);   phase = 2*pi*phase/max(max(phase));
figure; mesh(x*1e3,y*1e3,phase); view(2);
colormap gray;
xlabel('\itx/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
ylabel('\ity/mm','fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
set(gca,'fontname','times new roman','fontsize',16);
title(['{\itl}=',num2str(l),',{\itp}=',num2str(p),',{\itz}=',num2str(z),'m处的相位'],'fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
zlabel('phase','fontname','华文中宋','fontsize',16);
end
%% 拉盖尔多项式
function result = laguerre(p,l,x)
result = 0;
if p == 0
    result = 1;
elseif p == 1
    result = 1+abs(l)-x;
else
    result = (1/p)*((2*p+l-1-x).*laguerre(p-1,abs(l),x)-(p+l-1)*laguerre(p-2,abs(l),x));
end
end