python系统学习日记 L39 字典

字典dict 所作的，是让你可以通过任何东西找到元素，不只是数字。字典可以将一个物件和另外一个东西关联，不管它们的类型是什么
书中ex39.py代码修改为：

# create a mapping of state to abbreviation
states = {
	'Oregon': 'OR',
	'Florida': 'FL',
	'California': 'CA',
	'New York': 'NY',
	'Michigan': 'MI'
}

# create a basic set of states and some cities in them
cities = {
	'CA': 'San Francisco',
	'MI': 'Detroit',
	'FL': 'Jacksonville'
}

# add some more cities
cities['NY'] = 'New York'
cities['OR'] = 'Portland'

# print out some cities
print('-' * 10)
print("NY State has:", cities['NY'])
print("OR State has:", cities['OR'])

# print some states
print('-' * 10)
print("Michigan's abbreviation is:", states['Michigan'])
print("Florida's abbreviation is :", states['Florida'])

# do it bye using the state the cities dict
print('-' * 10)
print("Michigan has: ", cities[states['Michigan']])
print("Florida has: ", cities[states['Florida']])

# print ever state abbreviation
print('-' * 10)
for state, abbrev in states.items():
	print("%s is abbreviated %s" % (state, abbrev))

# print every city in state
print('-' * 10)
for abbrev, city in cities.items():
	print("%s has the city % s" % (abbrev, city))

# now do both at the same time
print('-' * 10)
for state, abbrev in states.items():
	print("%s state is abbreviated %s and has city %s" % (state, abbrev, cities[abbrev]))

print('-' * 10)
# safely get a abbreviation by state that might not be there
state = states.get('Texas')

if not state:
	print("Sorry, no Texas")

# get a city with a default value
city = cities.get('Tx', 'Dose Not Exist')
print("The city for the state 'TX' is : %s " % city)

输出结果：