linux系统-----------搭建LNMP 架构

目录

LNMP 架构

（一）编译安装nginx

1、安装依赖包

2、创建运行用户、组

3、编译安装nginx

（二）编译安mysql

1、安装Mysql环境依赖包

2、创建运行用户

3、编译安装

4、修改mysql 配置文件

5、更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组

6、设置路径环境变量

7、初始化数据库

8、添加mysqld系统服务

9、修改mysql 的登录密码

10、授权远程登录 

（三）编译安装php软件

1、安装环境依赖包

2、编译安装

3、调整PHP配置文件

调整主配置文件：

调整进程服务配置文件：

调整扩展配置文件：

4、路径优化

5、启动php-fpm

（四）配置 Nginx支持PHP解析

1、修改配置文件

2、写php测试页面

3、去浏览器验证

4、验证数据库工作是否正常

重新编辑测试页：

浏览器访问

（五）安装论坛

1、部署 Discuz

2、调整论坛目录的权限：

3、论坛页面访问

(六)安装博客

---

PHP(Hypertext Preprocessor 超文本预处理器)是通用服务器端脚本编程语言，主要用于web开发实现动态web页面，也是最早实现将脚本嵌入HTML源码文档中的服务器端脚本语言之一。同时，php还提供了一个命令行接口，因此，其也可以在大多数系统上作为一个独立的shell来使用

LNMP 架构

环境准备    lnmp    需要  安装  nginx    mysql    php  软件     

准备工作   关闭防火墙，防护

[root@localhost ~]#systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]#setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]#cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]#ls
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#ls
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz  php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]#tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz 
[root@localhost opt]#cd nginx-1.22.0/
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#ls
auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  man  README  src
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

（一）编译安装nginx

1、安装依赖包

yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

2、创建运行用户、组

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

（Nginx 服务程序默认以 nobody 身份运行，建议为其创建专门的用户账号，以便更准确地控制其访问权限）  useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

3、编译安装nginx

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#make -j 2
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#make install

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  /usr/bin

tee /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service   <<eof
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -1 $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -3 $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
eof

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#systemctl enable --now nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#systemctl status nginx.service

（二）编译安mysql

1、安装Mysql环境依赖包

yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ cmake bison bison-devel zlib-devel libcurl-devel libarchive-devel boost-devel   ncurses-devel gnutls-devel libxml2-devel openssl-devel libevent-devel libaio-devel

2、创建运行用户

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]#cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]#ls
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.22.0  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz  php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]#tar xf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz 
[root@localhost opt]#cd mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#ls
boost           config.h.cmake       extra                libmysql     mysys_ssl  scripts        testclients
BUILD           configure.cmake      include              libmysqld    packaging  sql            unittest
client          COPYING              INSTALL              libservices  plugin     sql-common     VERSION
cmake           dbug                 libbinlogevents      man          rapid      storage        vio
CMakeLists.txt  Docs                 libbinlogstandalone  mysql-test   README     strings        win
cmd-line-utils  Doxyfile-perfschema  libevent             mysys        regex      support-files  zlib
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#

3、编译安装

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#make -j 2
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#make install

4、修改mysql 配置文件

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
 
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

5、更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

6、设置路径环境变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#source /etc/profile

7、初始化数据库

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]#cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

8、添加mysqld系统服务

[root@localhost bin]#cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost bin]#systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost bin]#systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost bin]#systemctl status mysqld.service

[root@localhost bin]#systemctl enable mysqld.service

9、修改mysql 的登录密码

[root@localhost bin]#mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"

mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"     
给root账号设置密码为abc123，提示输入的是原始密码（为空）要求输入的是原密码直接回车即可

10、授权远程登录 

[root@localhost bin]#mysql -uroot -pabc123

（三）编译安装php软件

1、安装环境依赖包

yum -y install gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel

2、编译安装

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#make -j 2
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#make install

3、调整PHP配置文件

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#ls php.ini-development 
php.ini-development
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#cp php.ini-development  /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

修改内容
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock  

调整主配置文件：

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]#cd /usr/local/php/lib/
[root@localhost lib]#ls
php  php.ini
[root@localhost lib]#cd php/
[root@localhost php]#ls
Archive  Console  doc         OS    pearcmd.php  peclcmd.php  System.php  XML
build    data     extensions  PEAR  PEAR.php     Structures   test
[root@localhost php]#cd ..
[root@localhost lib]#ls
php  php.ini
[root@localhost lib]#cd ..
[root@localhost php]#ls
bin  etc  include  lib  php  sbin  var
[root@localhost php]#pwd
/usr/local/php
[root@localhost php]#cd etc/
[root@localhost etc]#ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@localhost etc]#pwd
/usr/local/php/etc
[root@localhost etc]#cp php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]#ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@localhost etc]#vim php-fpm.conf

调整进程服务配置文件：

调整扩展配置文件：

[root@localhost etc]#cd php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#ls
www.conf.default
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#ls
www.conf  www.conf.default
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#

php有三个配置文件： 
php.ini            主配置文件  
php-fpm.conf    进程服务配置文件 
www.conf        扩展配置文件

#调整主配置文件：
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini    
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
--1170行--修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
--939行--取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

#调整进程服务配置文件：
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp  php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
--17行--去掉";"注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

#调整扩展配置文件：
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf

4、路径优化

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

5、启动php-fpm

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm/
[root@localhost fpm]#ls
config.m4  init.d.php-fpm     Makefile.frag  php-fpm.8.in     php-fpm.service     status.html.in  www.conf.in
CREDITS    init.d.php-fpm.in  php-fpm        php-fpm.conf     php-fpm.service.in  tests
fpm        LICENSE            php-fpm.8      php-fpm.conf.in  status.html         www.conf
[root@localhost fpm]#pwd
/opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm
[root@localhost fpm]#cp /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost fpm]#
[root@localhost fpm]#systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@localhost fpm]#systemctl start php-fpm.service
[root@localhost fpm]#systemctl status php-fpm.service
● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 三 2024-02-28 15:47:25 CST; 17s ago
 Main PID: 42918 (php-fpm)
   CGroup: /system.slice/php-fpm.service
           ├─42918 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)
           ├─42919 php-fpm: pool www
           └─42920 php-fpm: pool www

2月 28 15:47:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager.
2月 28 15:47:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Manager...
[root@localhost fpm]#ss -natp |grep 9000
LISTEN     0      128    127.0.0.1:9000                     *:*                   users:(("php-fpm",pid=42920,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=42919,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=42918,fd=6))
[root@localhost fpm]#

（四）配置 Nginx支持PHP解析

[root@localhost fpm]#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

[root@localhost fpm]#nginx -s reload
[root@localhost fpm]#systemctl restart nginx.service

1、修改配置文件

2、写php测试页面

[root@localhost html]#vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost html]#

3、去浏览器验证

4、验证数据库工作是否正常

CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;

重新编辑测试页：

<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.246.7','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>

浏览器访问

（五）安装论坛

[root@localhost ~]#cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]#ls
dir_SC_UTF8              mysql-5.7.20               nginx-1.22.0         php-7.1.10          说明.htm
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz  php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]#unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip

[root@localhost opt]#cd dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]#ls
readme  upload  utility
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]#cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]#cd  /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost bbs]#ls
admin.php  archiver     crossdomain.xml  forum.php  index.php  member.php  portal.php  source    uc_client
api        config       data             group.php  install    misc.php    robots.txt  static    uc_server
api.php    connect.php  favicon.ico      home.php   m          plugin.php  search.php  template
[root@localhost bbs]#chmod -R 777 ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]#chmod -R 777 ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]#chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]#chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/

1、部署 Discuz

2、调整论坛目录的权限：

调整论坛目录的权限:

cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/

chown -R nginx.nginx ./config/
chown -R nginx.nginx  ./data/
chown -R nginx.nginx ./uc_client/
chown -R nginx.nginx ./uc_server/

都要处理
chmod -R 777 ./config/
chmod -R 777 ./data/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/

3、论坛页面访问

数据库默认端口号3306

(六)安装博客

[root@zzcentos1 opt]#cp -r wordpress  /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@zzcentos1 opt]#cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@zzcentos1 html]#ls
50x.html  bbs  index.html  index.php  wordpress
[root@zzcentos1 html]#chmod  -R 777 wordpress/ 
[root@zzcentos1 html]#ls
50x.html  bbs  index.html  index.php  wordpress
[root@zzcentos1 html]#

建数据库名

CREATE DATABASE blog;
GRANT all ON blog.* TO 'bloguser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON blog.* TO 'bloguser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;
wordpress/wp-admin

去浏览器访问