ThreadLocal使用

Java中的ThreadLocal类允许我们创建只能被同一个线程读写的变量。因此，如果一段代码含有一个ThreadLocal变量的引用，即使两个线程同时执行这段代码，它们也无法访问到对方的ThreadLocal变量。

package com.zhuyang.concurrency.threadlocal;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;

public class ThreadLocalTest2 extends Thread {
	private static int num = 0;
private static Map<Thread,Integer> threadData=new HashMap<Thread,Integer>();
private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadLocal=new ThreadLocal<Integer>();
	@Override
	public void run() {
		int num = new Random().nextInt();
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " has put data, data=" + num);
		threadData.put(Thread.currentThread(), num);
		threadLocal.set(num);
		new A().getNum();
		new B().getNum();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
			ThreadLocalTest2 thread = new ThreadLocalTest2();
			thread.start();
		}
		
	}

	static class A {
		public void getNum() {
			int dataFromMap = threadData.get(Thread.currentThread());
			int dataFromThreadLocal = threadLocal.get();
			System.out.println("A Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " has put data, dataFromMap=" + dataFromMap+",dataFromThreadLocal="+dataFromThreadLocal);
		}
	}

	static class B {
		public void getNum() {
			int dataFromMap = threadData.get(Thread.currentThread());
			int dataFromThreadLocal = threadLocal.get();
			System.out.println("B Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " has put data, dataFromMap=" + dataFromMap+",dataFromThreadLocal="+dataFromThreadLocal);
		}
	}
}

执行结果：

Thread-1 has put data, data=-9946002
Thread-0 has put data, data=1910168837
A Thread Thread-1 has put data, dataFromMap=-9946002,dataFromThreadLocal=-9946002
A Thread Thread-0 has put data, dataFromMap=1910168837,dataFromThreadLocal=1910168837
B Thread Thread-0 has put data, dataFromMap=1910168837,dataFromThreadLocal=1910168837
B Thread Thread-1 has put data, dataFromMap=-9946002,dataFromThreadLocal=-9946002

结果能看出两个线程之间并不会共享数据。

源码分析：

public void set(T value) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();//获得当前线程
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);   //获取当前线程的本地变量MAP 
        if (map != null)
            map.set(this, value);//map不为空则塞值，key为当前线程，value为值
        else
            createMap(t, value);//创建线程 t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
    }

public T get() {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();//获得当前线程
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);//获取当前线程的本地变量MAP 
        if (map != null) {
            ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);//如果不为空，获得entry
            if (e != null)
                return (T)e.value;
        }
        return setInitialValue();//创建map
    }