HUDOJ 1060 Leftmost Digit

Leftmost Digit

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 13082    Accepted Submission(s): 5009

Problem Description

Given a positive integer N, you should output the leftmost digit of N^N.

 

Input

The input contains several test cases. The first line of the input is a single integer T which is the number of test cases. T test cases follow.
Each test case contains a single positive integer N(1<=N<=1,000,000,000).

 

Output

For each test case, you should output the leftmost digit of N^N.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   2
3
4
  
  

 

Sample Output

 
 

  
  2
2

Hint

  
  
In the first case, 3 * 3 * 3 = 27, so the leftmost digit is 2.
In the second case, 4 * 4 * 4 * 4 = 256, so the leftmost digit is 2.


题目链接 :http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=1060

题目大意 :求解n的n次方的最左边的数

题目分析 :1.直接用java的大数做(没什么技术含量,这里略)
         2.因为数字太大，考虑用对数  
           主要思路是任意数num可以表示为:num ^ num = a * 10 ^ n（a的整数部分即为所求解, n为位数)
           两边取对数:num * lg(num) = lg(a) + n,  令x = num * lg(num)  
           则n为x的整数部分，lg(a)为x的小数部分,所以lg(a) = x - n
           a = 10 ^ (x - n) => a = 10 ^ (x - (long long)x) 这里注意转换的的时候不能用int, 因为double表示的范围远大于int


  
  

  
  
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
int main()
{
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--)
    {   
        int num;
        scanf("%d",&num);
        double x = num * log10(num);
        printf("%d\n", (int) pow(10.0 , (x - (long long)x)));
    }
    return 0;
}