unix网络编程——ioctl 函数的用法详解

1.介绍

Linux网络程序与内核交互的方法是通过ioctl来实现的，ioctl与网络协议栈进行交互，可得到网络接口的信息，网卡设备的映射属性和配置网络接口.并且还能够查看，修改，删除ARP高速缓存的信息，所以，我们有必要了解一下ioctl函数的具体实现.

2.函数说明

SYNOPSIS
       #include <sys/ioctl.h>

       int ioctl(int d, int request, ...);

DESCRIPTION
       The  ioctl()  function  manipulates the underlying device parameters of
       special files.  In particular, many operating characteristics of  char-
       acter  special  files  (e.g., terminals) may be controlled with ioctl()
       requests.  The argument d must be an open file descriptor.

       The second argument is a  device-dependent  request  code.   The  third
       argument  is  an  untyped  pointer  to memory.  It’s traditionally char
       *argp (from the days before void * was valid C), and will be  so  named
       for this discussion.

       An  ioctl()  request  has  encoded  in it whether the argument is an in
       parameter or out parameter, and the size of the argument argp in bytes.
       Macros and defines used in specifying an ioctl() request are located in
       the file <sys/ioctl.h>.

RETURN VALUE
       Usually, on success zero is returned.  A few ioctl() requests  use  the
       return  value as an output parameter and return a non-negative value on
       success.  On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.

3.参数说明

类别	Request	说明	数据类型
套 接 口	SIOCATMARK SIOCSPGRP SIOCGPGRP	是否位于带外标记 设置套接口的进程ID或进程组ID 获取套接口的进程ID或进程组ID	int int int
文 件	FIONBIN FIOASYNC FIONREAD FIOSETOWN FIOGETOWN	设置/清除非阻塞I/O标志 设置/清除信号驱动异步I/O标志