GDI+入门（十三、GDI+实例——灰度效果）

十三、GDI+实例——灰度效果

图片灰度化处理的方法主要有三种：

最大化法。这种方法的原理是使RGB的值等于值，即：

R=G=B＝max(R，G，B)

使用最大化法处理后的灰度图像的亮度很高。

平均值法。这种方法的原理是使RGB的恒等于三个色彩分量的平均值，即

R=G=B＝ (R+G+B)/3

使用平均值法处理后的灰度图像亮度较为柔和。

加权平均值法。  “加权”是统计学中常用的名词，这种方法是根据重要性或其他

指标给R、G、D赋于不同的权值，并位R、G、B等于它们的加权平均值。即：

R=G=B=(rR+gG+bB))/3，r、g、b分别是R、G、B的权值*权数r、g、b取不同的值时，加权平均值法能够形成不同灰度的灰度图像。由于人眼对绿色的敏感度最高，红色次之，对蓝色的敏感度最低，因此，当权值矿的时，所生成的灰度图像更符合人眼的视觉感受。通常，当r=30％，g=59％，b＝11％时，这种图像的灰度较为合理。

  private static Bitmap bitmap;

        private int width;

        private int height;

        public Form1()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

            bitmap = new Bitmap(Application.StartupPath + "//1.jpg");

            width = bitmap.Width - 1;

            height = bitmap.Height - 1;

        }

        Bitmap bmp2;

        Bitmap bmp3;

        Bitmap bmp4;

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Graphics panel2G = panel2.CreateGraphics();

            bmp2 = new Bitmap(width, height);

            Color color;

            for (int i = 0; i < width; i++)

            {

                for (int j = 0; j < height; j++)

                {

                    color = bitmap.GetPixel(i, j);

                    int middle = (color.R + color.G + color.B) / 3;

                    Color colorResult = Color.FromArgb(255, middle, middle, middle);

                    bmp2.SetPixel(i, j, colorResult);

                }

            }

            panel2G.DrawImage(bmp2, panel2.ClientRectangle);

            panel2G.ResetTransform();

            panel2G.TranslateTransform(width, 0);

           // bmp2.Dispose();

            panel2G.Dispose();

        }

 

        private void panel1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)

        {

            Graphics panel1G = panel1.CreateGraphics();

            panel1G.DrawImage(bitmap, panel1.ClientRectangle);

            panel1G.Dispose();

        }

        private void ReDrawImage(Bitmap bmp0)

        {

            Color color;

            for (int i = width - 1; i >= 0; i--)

            {

                for (int j = height - 1; j >= 0; j--)

                {

                    color = bmp0.GetPixel(i, j);

                    int r = color.R;

                    int g = color.G;

                    int b = color.B;

                    //还原红色

                    if (r < 127)

                        r = 0;

                    if (r >= 192)

                        r = 255;

                    if (r <= 191 && r >= 128)

                        r = 4 * r - 510;

                    //还原绿色

                    bool yes;

                    yes = false;

                    if (g <= 191 && g >= 128 && (!yes))

                    {

                        g = 255;

                        yes = true;

                    }

                    if (g >= 192 && (!yes))

                    {

                        g = 1022 - 4 * g;

                        yes = true;

                    }

                    if (g <= 63 && (!yes))

                    {

                        g = 254 - 4 * g;

                        yes = true;

                    }

                    if (g <= 127 && g >= 67 && (!yes))

                    {

                        g = 4 * g - 257;

                    }

                    //还原蓝色分量

                    if (b <= 63)

                        b = 255;

                    if (b >= 128)

                        b = 0;

                    if (b >= 67 && b <= 127)

                        b = 510 - 4 * b;

                    Color colorResult = Color.FromArgb(255, r, g, b);

                    bmp0.SetPixel(i, j, colorResult);

                }

            }

            Graphics panel3G = panel3.CreateGraphics();

            panel3G.DrawImage(bmp0, panel3.ClientRectangle);

            bmp0.Dispose();

            panel3G.Dispose();

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 最大值

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="sender"></param>

        /// <param name="e"></param>

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Graphics panel2G = panel2.CreateGraphics();           

            bmp3 = new Bitmap(width, height);

            Color color;

            for (int i = 0; i < width; i++)

            {

                for (int j = 0; j < height; j++)

                {

                    color = bitmap.GetPixel(i, j);

                    int middle = maxColor(color.R, color.G, color.B);

                    Color colorResult = Color.FromArgb(255, middle, middle, middle);

                    bmp3.SetPixel(i, j, colorResult);

                }

            }

            panel2G.DrawImage(bmp3, panel2.ClientRectangle);

         //   bmp3.Dispose();

            panel2G.Dispose();

        }

 

        /// <summary>

        /// 加权平均

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="sender"></param>

        /// <param name="e"></param>

        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            double r = 0.30;

            double g = 0.59;

            double b = 0.11;

            bmp4 = new Bitmap(width, height);

 

            Graphics panel2G = panel2.CreateGraphics();

            Color color;

            for (int i = 0; i < width; i++)

            {

                for (int j = 0; j < height; j++)

                {

                    color = bitmap.GetPixel(i, j);

                    // int middle =(int) ( + g * color.G + b * color.B) / 3;

                    Color colorResult = Color.FromArgb(255, (int)(r * color.R), (int)(g * color.G), (int)(b * color.B));

                    bmp4.SetPixel(i, j, colorResult);

                }

            }

            panel2G.DrawImage(bmp4, panel2.ClientRectangle);

           // bmp4.Dispose();

            panel2G.Dispose();

        }

 

        private int maxColor(int r, int g, int b)

        {

            if (r > g)

            {

                if (r > b)

                {

                    return r;

                }

                else

                {

                    return b;

                }

            }

            else

            {

                if (g > b)

                {

                    return g;

                }

                else

                {

                    return b;

                }

            }

        }

         private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            if (bmp3 == null)

            {

                MessageBox.Show("请先点击变灰按钮");

                return;

            }

            ReDrawImage(bmp3.Clone(new Rectangle(0,0,width,height),PixelFormat.DontCare));

        }

        private void button2_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            if (bmp2 == null)

            {

                MessageBox.Show("请先点击变灰按钮");

                return;

            }

            ReDrawImage(bmp2.Clone(new Rectangle(0,0,width,height),PixelFormat.DontCare));

        }

 

        private void button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            if (bmp4 == null)

            {

                MessageBox.Show("请先点击变灰按钮");

                return;

            }

            ReDrawImage(bmp4.Clone(new Rectangle(0,0,width,height),PixelFormat.DontCare));

        }

button1_Click：平均值法

panel1_Paint：加载原图

ReDrawImage：灰色图像还原彩色图像

button3_Click：最大值法制作灰度图像

button4_Click：加权平均法制作灰度图像

maxColor：求颜色分量最大值

平均值方法：

最大值法：

加权平均法

本人也在学习GDI+，写得比较简单，让高手见笑了。欢迎高手给我指点

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