Wireless Tools Kit + J2ME 返朴归真（一）小心别撞着了！

折腾了近1个月的NOKIA开发环境，脑袋里已经全是屎了。遂决定去厕所拉了个干净，把池子都砸坏了……

闲话少叙，现在的状况是已经返朴归真用记事本做程序了。编译方面直接用新下载的Wireless Tools Kit 2.2，以及它自带的KToolBar来创建和开发我的游戏。

WTK不需要烦琐的环境设置，点创建项目，输好工程名称，再设置一下MIDP和CLDC再点完成就成了。然后就是打开一个记事本，编好程序存成.java格式的程序文件就可以了。用记事本编程序有个好处，就是每次打开开发环境、调整代码和编译的时候速度快的要死，根本不用等着我的破本儿滋扭滋扭的转它衰老的硬盘。

总之，先把代码贴出来吧，后面我会一一讲解：

// UFOMIDlet.java

import javax.microedition.midlet.*;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;

public class UFOMIDlet extends MIDlet implements CommandListener {
  private UFOCanvas canvas;
 
  public void startApp() {
    if (canvas == null) {
      canvas = new UFOCanvas(Display.getDisplay(this));
      Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 0);
      canvas.addCommand(exitCommand);
      canvas.setCommandListener(this);
    }
    canvas.start();
  }
 
  public void pauseApp() {} 
  public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) {
    canvas.stop();
  }

  public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s) {
    if (c.getCommandType() == Command.EXIT) {
      destroyApp(true);
      notifyDestroyed();
    }
  }
}

// UFOCanvas.java

import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.game.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;

public class UFOCanvas extends GameCanvas implements Runnable {
  private Display  display;
  private boolean  sleeping, restart;
  private long     frameDelay;
  private Random   rand;
  private Sprite   ufoSprite;
  private Sprite   gameoverImg, coverImg;
  private int      ufoXSpeed, ufoYSpeed;
  private int      ox = 0, oy = 0;
  private int      gx = -getWidth(), gy = -getHeight();
  private int      cx, cy, sx, sy;
  private int      score;
  private int      ufoLife = 3;
  private Sprite[] roidSprite = new Sprite[3];
  private Sprite[] ufolifeSprite = new Sprite[3];

  public UFOCanvas(Display d) {
    super(true);
    display = d;
    frameDelay = 33;
  }
 
  public void start() {
    display.setCurrent(this);
    rand = new Random();
    ufoXSpeed = ufoYSpeed = 0;
    restart = true;
    score = 0;
    try {

      //初始化UFO、游戏结束画面、封面画面、玩法介绍画面、关于我们画面的精灵和位置
      ufoSprite = new Sprite(Image.createImage("/Saucer.png"));
      ufoSprite.setPosition((getWidth() - ufoSprite.getWidth()) / 2,
        (getHeight() - ufoSprite.getHeight()) / 2);
      gameoverImg = new Sprite(Image.createImage("/gameover.png"));
      gameoverImg.setPosition(-getWidth(),-getHeight());
      coverImg = new Sprite(Image.createImage("/cover.png"));
      coverImg.setPosition(0,0);

      //初始化小行星精灵和位置和动画侦范围
      Image img = Image.createImage("/Roid.png");
      roidSprite[0] = new Sprite(img, 42, 35);
      roidSprite[1] = new Sprite(img, 42, 35);
      roidSprite[2] = new Sprite(img, 42, 35);
     
      //初始化UFO生命图示精灵和位置
      Image img2 = Image.createImage("/UFO.png");
      ufolifeSprite[0] = new Sprite(img2,12,12);
      ufolifeSprite[0].setPosition(2,270);
      ufolifeSprite[1] = new Sprite(img2,12,12);
      ufolifeSprite[1].setPosition(14,270);
      ufolifeSprite[2] = new Sprite(img2,12,12);
      ufolifeSprite[2].setPosition(26,270);

    }catch (IOException e) {}

    //开始线程
    sleeping = false;
    Thread t = new Thread(this);
    t.start();
  }
 
  public void stop() {

    //结束的时候把显示分值置于屏幕中央
    sx = getWidth()/2;
    sy = getHeight()/2;
    sleeping = true;}
  public void run() {
    Graphics g = getGraphics();
   
    //游戏主循环
    while (!sleeping) {     
      update();
      draw(g);
      try {
        Thread.sleep(frameDelay);
      }catch (InterruptedException ie) {}
    } //while
  } //run
 
  private void update() {

    //用restart来判断是否显示主画面还是进入游戏
    if(restart) {
      int keyState = getKeyStates();
      if((keyState & FIRE_PRESSED)!= 0) {
        coverImg.setPosition(-getWidth(),-getHeight());
        restart = false;
        score = 0;
      }
      else coverImg.setPosition(0,0);
      return;
    }

    //通过按上下左右键来改变精灵速度

    int keyState = getKeyStates();
    if ((keyState & LEFT_PRESSED) != 0)
      ufoXSpeed--;
    else if ((keyState & RIGHT_PRESSED) != 0)
      ufoXSpeed++;
    if ((keyState & UP_PRESSED) != 0)
      ufoYSpeed--;
    else if ((keyState & DOWN_PRESSED) != 0)
      ufoYSpeed++;
   
    //UFO速度在8和-8之间随机取得
    ufoXSpeed = Math.min(Math.max(ufoXSpeed, -8), 8);
    ufoYSpeed = Math.min(Math.max(ufoYSpeed, -8), 8);

    ufoSprite.move(ufoXSpeed, ufoYSpeed);
    checkBounds(ufoSprite);

    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
      roidSprite[i].move(i + 1, 1 - i); //使三个小行星向不同的方向运动
      checkBounds(roidSprite[i]); //折屏算法

      //第二个小行星精灵roidSprite[1]是反向侦动画，否则是正向侦动画
      if (i == 1)
        roidSprite[i].prevFrame();
      else
        roidSprite[i].nextFrame();

      // 检测碰撞
      if (ufoSprite.collidesWith(roidSprite[i], true)) {
       
        // 播放警告声音
        AlertType.ERROR.playSound(display);

        // 碰撞之后重置UFO精灵和移动速度
        ufoSprite.setPosition((getWidth() - ufoSprite.getWidth()) / 2,
          (getHeight() - ufoSprite.getHeight()) / 2);
        ufoXSpeed = ufoYSpeed = 0;
       
        //重置小行星位置
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
          roidSprite[j].setPosition(0, 0);

        //UFO生命减少并停止游戏
        if ( ufoLife > 0 ) {
          ufoLife--;
          ufolifeSprite[ufoLife].setPosition(-12,-12);
        }
         else {
          gameoverImg.setPosition(0,0);
          for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
          roidSprite[j].setPosition(-43, -35);  //将小行星置于屏幕外

          stop();
         }

        // 此时不用更新小行星精灵
        break;
      }

      //检测得分
      for(int l = 0; l < 3; l++) {
        if (Math.abs(ufoSprite.getX() - roidSprite[l].getX()) < 22 &&
            Math.abs(ufoSprite.getY() - roidSprite[l].getY()) < 22) {
          AlertType.WARNING.playSound(display);
          gx = getWidth()/2;
          gy = getHeight()/2;
          score += 5;
        }
      }
    }
  }
 

  //绘画所有的要素，顺序很重要——它决定了谁遮盖住谁
  private void draw(Graphics g) {
    g.setColor(0x000000);   
    g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
    g.setColor(255, 255, 255); // white
    g.drawString("You 've touched :"+score,sx, sy, Graphics.TOP | Graphics.LEFT);
    g.drawString("Good!", gx, gy, Graphics.TOP | Graphics.HCENTER);
    ufoSprite.paint(g);
    gameoverImg.paint(g);   

    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
      roidSprite[i].paint(g);
    for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++)
      ufolifeSprite[k].paint(g);

    coverImg.paint(g);
    flushGraphics();
  }

  //折屏算法
  private void checkBounds(Sprite sprite) {
    if (sprite.getX() < -sprite.getWidth())
      sprite.setPosition(getWidth(), sprite.getY());
    else if (sprite.getX() > getWidth())
      sprite.setPosition(-sprite.getWidth(), sprite.getY());
    if (sprite.getY() < -sprite.getHeight())
      sprite.setPosition(sprite.getX(), getHeight());
    else if (sprite.getY() > getHeight())
      sprite.setPosition(sprite.getX(), -sprite.getHeight());
  } //checkBounds
} //UFOCanvas