中介者模式（Mediator）

1.    定义

       用一个中介对象来封装一系列的对象交互。中介者使各对象不需要显示地相互引用，从而使其耦合松散，而且可以独立地改变它们之间的交互。

2.      UML 类图

 

3.      结构代码

// Mediator pattern -- Structural example

using System;   namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Mediator.Structural {   /// <summary>   /// MainApp startup class for Structural   /// Mediator Design Pattern.   /// </summary>   class MainApp   {     /// <summary>     /// Entry point into console application.     /// </summary>     static void Main()     {       ConcreteMediator m = new ConcreteMediator();         ConcreteColleague1 c1 = new ConcreteColleague1(m);       ConcreteColleague2 c2 = new ConcreteColleague2(m);         m.Colleague1 = c1;       m.Colleague2 = c2;         c1.Send("How are you?");       c2.Send("Fine, thanks");         // Wait for user       Console.ReadKey();     }   }     /// <summary>   /// The 'Mediator' abstract class   /// </summary>   abstract class Mediator   {     public abstract void Send(string message,       Colleague colleague);   }     /// <summary>   /// The 'ConcreteMediator' class   /// </summary>   class ConcreteMediator : Mediator   {     private ConcreteColleague1 _colleague1;     private ConcreteColleague2 _colleague2;       public ConcreteColleague1 Colleague1     {       set { _colleague1 = value; }     }       public ConcreteColleague2 Colleague2     {       set { _colleague2 = value; }     }       public override void Send(string message,       Colleague colleague)     {       if (colleague == _colleague1)       {         _colleague2.Notify(message);       }       else       {         _colleague1.Notify(message);       }     }   }     /// <summary>   /// The 'Colleague' abstract class   /// </summary>   abstract class Colleague   {     protected Mediator mediator;       // Constructor     public Colleague(Mediator mediator)     {       this.mediator = mediator;     }   }     /// <summary>   /// A 'ConcreteColleague' class   /// </summary>   class ConcreteColleague1 : Colleague   {     // Constructor     public ConcreteColleague1(Mediator mediator)       : base(mediator)     {     }       public void Send(string message)     {       mediator.Send(message, this);     }       public void Notify(string message)     {       Console.WriteLine("Colleague1 gets message: "         + message);     }   }     /// <summary>   /// A 'ConcreteColleague' class   /// </summary>   class ConcreteColleague2 : Colleague   {     // Constructor     public ConcreteColleague2(Mediator mediator)       : base(mediator)     {     }       public void Send(string message)     {       mediator.Send(message, this);     }       public void Notify(string message)     {       Console.WriteLine("Colleague2 gets message: "         + message);     }   } }

Output Colleague2 gets message: How are you? Colleague1 gets message: Fine, thanks

4.      实例代码

// Mediator pattern -- Real World example

using System; using System.Collections.Generic;   namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Mediator.RealWorld {   /// <summary>   /// MainApp startup class for Real-World   /// Mediator Design Pattern.   /// </summary>   class MainApp   {     /// <summary>     /// Entry point into console application.     /// </summary>     static void Main()     {       // Create chatroom       Chatroom chatroom = new Chatroom();         // Create participants and register them       Participant George = new Beatle("George");       Participant Paul = new Beatle("Paul");       Participant Ringo = new Beatle("Ringo");       Participant John = new Beatle("John");       Participant Yoko = new NonBeatle("Yoko");         chatroom.Register(George);       chatroom.Register(Paul);       chatroom.Register(Ringo);       chatroom.Register(John);       chatroom.Register(Yoko);         // Chatting participants       Yoko.Send("John", "Hi John!");       Paul.Send("Ringo", "All you need is love");       Ringo.Send("George", "My sweet Lord");       Paul.Send("John", "Can't buy me love");       John.Send("Yoko", "My sweet love");         // Wait for user       Console.ReadKey();     }   }     /// <summary>   /// The 'Mediator' abstract class   /// </summary>   abstract class AbstractChatroom   {     public abstract void Register(Participant participant);     public abstract void Send(       string from, string to, string message);   }     /// <summary>   /// The 'ConcreteMediator' class   /// </summary>   class Chatroom : AbstractChatroom   {     private Dictionary<string,Participant> _participants =       new Dictionary<string,Participant>();       public override void Register(Participant participant)     {       if (!_participants.ContainsValue(participant))       {         _participants[participant.Name] = participant;       }         participant.Chatroom = this;     }       public override void Send(       string from, string to, string message)     {       Participant participant = _participants[to];         if (participant != null)       {         participant.Receive(from, message);       }     }   }     /// <summary>   /// The 'AbstractColleague' class   /// </summary>   class Participant   {     private Chatroom _chatroom;     private string _name;       // Constructor     public Participant(string name)     {       this._name = name;     }       // Gets participant name     public string Name     {       get { return _name; }     }       // Gets chatroom     public Chatroom Chatroom     {       set { _chatroom = value; }       get { return _chatroom; }     }       // Sends message to given participant     public void Send(string to, string message)     {       _chatroom.Send(_name, to, message);     }       // Receives message from given participant     public virtual void Receive(       string from, string message)     {       Console.WriteLine("{0} to {1}: '{2}'",         from, Name, message);     }   }     /// <summary>   /// A 'ConcreteColleague' class   /// </summary>   class Beatle : Participant   {     // Constructor     public Beatle(string name)       : base(name)     {     }       public override void Receive(string from, string message)     {       Console.Write("To a Beatle: ");       base.Receive(from, message);     }   }     /// <summary>   /// A 'ConcreteColleague' class   /// </summary>   class NonBeatle : Participant   {     // Constructor     public NonBeatle(string name)       : base(name)     {     }       public override void Receive(string from, string message)     {       Console.Write("To a non-Beatle: ");       base.Receive(from, message);     }   } }

Output To a Beatle: Yoko to John: 'Hi John!' To a Beatle: Paul to Ringo: 'All you need is love' To a Beatle: Ringo to George: 'My sweet Lord' To a Beatle: Paul to John: 'Can't buy me love' To a non-Beatle: John to Yoko: 'My sweet love'

该文章来自：http://www.dofactory.com/Patterns/PatternMediator.aspx