STL algorithm算法shuffle , random_shuffle(46)

shuffle原型：

template <class RandomAccessIterator, class URNG>
  void shuffle (RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last, URNG&& g);

该函数是用来打乱范围内元素的顺序的。

其行为类似：

template <class RandomAccessIterator, class URNG>
  void shuffle (RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last, URNG&& g)
{
  for (auto i=(last-first)-1; i>0; --i) {
    std::uniform_int_distribution<decltype(i)> d(0,i);
    swap (first[i], first[d(g)]);
  }
}

一个简单的例子：

// shuffle algorithm example
#include <iostream>     // std::cout
#include <algorithm>    // std::shuffle
#include <array>        // std::array
#include <random>       // std::default_random_engine
#include <chrono>       // std::chrono::system_clock

int main () {
  std::array<int,9> foo {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};

  // obtain a time-based seed:
  unsigned seed = std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count();

  shuffle (foo.begin(), foo.end(), std::default_random_engine(seed));

  std::cout << "shuffled elements:";
  for (int& x: foo) std::cout << ' ' << x;
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

运行截图：

random_shuffle原型：

std::random_shuffle

• C++98
• C++11

generator by default (1)	template <class RandomAccessIterator> void random_shuffle (RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last);
specific generator (2)	template <class RandomAccessIterator, class RandomNumberGenerator> void random_shuffle (RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last, RandomNumberGenerator&& gen);

该函数也是用来打乱序列的顺序的。简单来说就是使序列里元素的位置变得随机。

行为类似于：

template <class RandomAccessIterator, class RandomNumberGenerator>
  void random_shuffle (RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last,
                       RandomNumberGenerator& gen)
{
  iterator_traits<RandomAccessIterator>::difference_type i, n;
  n = (last-first);
  for (i=n-1; i>0; --i) {
    swap (first[i],first[gen(i+1)]);
  }
}

一个简单的例子：

// random_shuffle example
#include <iostream>     // std::cout
#include <algorithm>    // std::random_shuffle
#include <vector>       // std::vector
#include <ctime>        // std::time
#include <cstdlib>      // std::rand, std::srand

// random generator function:
int myrandom (int i) { return std::rand()%i;}

int main () {
  std::srand ( unsigned ( std::time(0) ) );
  std::vector<int> myvector;

  // set some values:
  for (int i=1; i<10; ++i) myvector.push_back(i); // 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

  // using built-in random generator:
  std::random_shuffle ( myvector.begin(), myvector.end() );

  // using myrandom:
  std::random_shuffle ( myvector.begin(), myvector.end(), myrandom);

  // print out content:
  std::cout << "myvector contains:";
  for (std::vector<int>::iterator it=myvector.begin(); it!=myvector.end(); ++it)
    std::cout << ' ' << *it;

  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

运行截图：

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转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/qq844352155

author:天下无双

Email:coderguang@gmail.com

2014-9-22

于GDUT

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