准备在CentOS 7 下重新安装Caffe,centos7很不错,基本上官方文档里的:
sudo yum install protobuf-devel leveldb-devel snappy-devel opencv-devel boost-devel hdf5-devel
sudo yum install gflags-devel glog-devel lmdb-devel
可以顺利执行完成,接着根据文档:
BLAS: install ATLAS by sudo yum install atlas-devel
or install OpenBLAS or MKL for better CPU performance. For the Makefile build, uncomment and set BLAS_LIB
accordingly as ATLAS is usually installed under /usr/lib[64]/atlas
).
安装atlas-devel。
开始编译~
make all
报错:
[root@**** caffe]# make all
CXX/LD -o .build_release/tools/convert_imageset.bin
/bin/ld: cannot find -lcblas
/bin/ld: cannot find -latlas
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
查了一下,是程序在我们配置的lib目录里找不到atlas的so文件,比对了一下ld命令的查找方式和我们已安装的atlas:
ld -latlas --verbose
显示查找路径如下:
==================================================
attempt to open /usr/x86_64-redhat-linux/lib64/libatlas.so failed
attempt to open /usr/x86_64-redhat-linux/lib64/libatlas.a failed
attempt to open /usr/lib64/libatlas.so failed
attempt to open /usr/lib64/libatlas.a failed
attempt to open /usr/local/lib64/libatlas.so failed
attempt to open /usr/local/lib64/libatlas.a failed
attempt to open /lib64/libatlas.so failed
attempt to open /lib64/libatlas.a failed
attempt to open /usr/x86_64-redhat-linux/lib/libatlas.so failed
attempt to open /usr/x86_64-redhat-linux/lib/libatlas.a failed
attempt to open /usr/local/lib/libatlas.so failed
attempt to open /usr/local/lib/libatlas.a failed
attempt to open /lib/libatlas.so failed
attempt to open /lib/libatlas.a failed
attempt to open /usr/lib/libatlas.so failed
attempt to open /usr/lib/libatlas.a failed
ld: cannot find -latlas
我看了一下我们安装的atlas,在/usr/lib64/atlas/下,内有这些so:
[root@*** caffe]# ll /usr/lib64/atlas
total 21304
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Apr 6 04:38 libsatlas.so -> libsatlas.so.3.10
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Mar 14 22:24 libsatlas.so.3 -> libsatlas.so.3.10
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10852104 Nov 20 2015 libsatlas.so.3.10
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Apr 6 04:38 libtatlas.so -> libtatlas.so.3.10
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Mar 14 22:24 libtatlas.so.3 -> libtatlas.so.3.10
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10959464 Nov 20 2015 libtatlas.so.3.10
我们安装的atlas的so库只有libsatlas和libtatlas两种,与caffe要的完全不匹配。
查了一些材料(https://www.centos.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=48543),这个提问里有提到这个现象,在centOS7下,库名已改,引入方式也要改变:
Names and content of atlas libraries have changed recently. Try
-L/usr/lib64/atlas -lsatlas or -L/usr/lib64/atlas -ltatlas
instead of
-lcblas.
但我并不想去修改caffe源码,担心引起连锁问题,且报错中并没有提示具体发生问题的文件。
解决方案
改用openblas:
yum install openblas-devel
MakeFile.config配置如下:
BLAS := open
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
#BLAS_INCLUDE := /usr/include/atlas
#BLAS_LIB := /usr/lib64/atlas
后续一切成功。 done。
建议Caffe对CentOS 7 下atlas引用失败的问题做修复。有空提个issue。