转自http://blog.csdn.net/caroline_wendy/article/details/16916441
类模板(class template)的友元(friend)和普通类的友元, 有很多区别,
主要原因是类模板包含模板参数(template parameter), 就会导致友元和类模板有很多匹配形式;
主要包含六种形式:
1. 类 - 友元(friend): "模板参数是当前类"的类模板;
2. 类 - 友元: "模板参数任意"的模板类;
3. 模板类 - 友元: "模板参数相同"的模板类;
4. 模板类 - 友元: "模板参数任意"的模板类
5. 模板类 - 友元: 类;
6. 模板类 - 友元: 当前模板参数(类); (C++11)
具体使用参见代码及注释,
代码如下:
- #include <iostream>
- #include <string>
-
- template <typename T> class Pal;
-
- class C {
- friend class Pal<C>;
- template <typename T> friend class Pal2;
- private:
- void print() { std::cout << "class C" << std::endl; }
- };
-
- template <typename T>
- class C2 {
- friend class Pal<T>;
-
- template <typename X> friend class Pal2;
- friend class Pal3;
- friend T;
- private:
- void print() { std::cout << "class C2" << std::endl; }
- };
-
- template <typename T>
- class Pal {
- C myC;
- C2<T> myC2;
-
- public:
- void printC() {
- std::cout << "this is class Pal : ";
- myC.print();
- }
- void printC2() {
- std::cout << "this is class Pal : ";
- myC2.print();
- }
- };
-
- template <typename T>
- class Pal2 {
- C myC;
- C2<double> myC2;
- public:
- void printC() {
- std::cout << "this is class Pal2 : ";
- myC.print();
- }
- void printC2() {
- std::cout << "this is class Pal2 : ";
- myC2.print();
- }
- };
-
- class Pal3 {
- C2<double> myC2;
- public:
- void printC2() {
- std::cout << "this is class Pal3 : ";
- myC2.print();
- }
- };
-
- class Pal4 {
- C2<Pal4> myC2;
- public:
- void printC2() {
- std::cout << "this is class Pal4 : ";
- myC2.print();
- }
- };
-
- int main (void) {
-
- std::cout << "Hello Mystra!" << std::endl;
-
- Pal<C> pc;
- pc.printC();
-
-
-
- Pal2<int> pi2;
- pi2.printC();
-
- Pal<int> pi;
- pi.printC2();
-
- pi2.printC2();
-
- Pal3 p3;
- p3.printC2();
-
- Pal4 p4;
- p4.printC2();
-
- return 0;
- }