netty学习二:基于socket通讯的小demo

概述

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上次写了一篇netty学习一:用netty构造http服务的小demo
简单介绍如何使用netty编写http程序,而基于socket编程才是netty的强项。

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服务端代码

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package socket.server;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

public class SocketServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        // 接收连接,但是不处理
        EventLoopGroup parentGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        // 真正处理连接的group
        EventLoopGroup childGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            //加载Initializer
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(parentGroup, childGroup)
                           .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                           //这里的childHandler是服务于childGroup的,如果直接使用
                           //handler方法添加处理器,则是服务于parentGroup的
                           .childHandler(new SocketServerInitializer());

            //绑定监听端口
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(8899).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }
        finally {
            parentGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            childGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}


package socket.server;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.LengthFieldPrepender;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class SocketServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{
    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        //1、添加解码器,用于解释二进制内容
        pipeline.addLast(new LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder(Integer.MAX_VALUE,0,4,0,4));

        //2、编码器,用于计算消息的长度,并把消息长度以二进制的形式追加到消息的前面
        pipeline.addLast(new LengthFieldPrepender(4));

        //3、socket编程中需要对字符串进行编码解码
        pipeline.addLast(new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));

        //4、添加自定义处理器
        pipeline.addLast(new SocketServerHandler());
    }
}

package socket.server;

import java.util.UUID;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

public class SocketServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String>{
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("请求来自:"+ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + ",内容:" + msg);
        ctx.channel().writeAndFlush("from server:"+UUID.randomUUID());
    }
}

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客户端代码

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package socket.client;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

public class SocketClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        EventLoopGroup eventLoopGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            //加载Initializer
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(eventLoopGroup)
                           .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                           .handler(new SocketClientInitializer());

            //连接服务端
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("localhost", 8899).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }
        finally {
            eventLoopGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }
}

package socket.client;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.LengthFieldPrepender;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class SocketClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{
    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        //1、添加解码器,用于解释二进制内容
        pipeline.addLast(new LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder(Integer.MAX_VALUE,0,4,0,4));

        //2、编码器,用于计算消息的长度,并把消息长度以二进制的形式追加到消息的前面
        pipeline.addLast(new LengthFieldPrepender(4));

        //3、socket编程中需要对字符串进行编码解码
        pipeline.addLast(new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));

        //4、添加自定义处理器
        pipeline.addLast(new SocketClientHandler());
    }
}

package socket.client;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

public class SocketClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String>{
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("服务器端地址:"+ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
        System.out.println("client receive:"+msg);
        ctx.channel().writeAndFlush("from client:"+LocalDateTime.now());
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.writeAndFlush("你好,服务端");
    }
}

当客户端于服务端之间的channel建立后,客户端程序可以在channelActive方法中给服务端发送消息,
服务端接收到消息后,触发SocketServerHandler类的channelRead0方法,给客户端发送消息,
客户端接收到消息后,触发了SocketClientHandler类的channelRead0的方法,给服务端发送消息。
无限发下去。

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csdn code 路径

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这个项目的源代码放置在csdn code上,欢迎访问。

netty_study