Android中FontMetrics对象的各种基准线

Android中FontMetrics对象的各种基准线(以及怎么获取文字的width和height) 。

Canvas 作为绘制文本时，使用FontMetrics对象，计算位置的坐标。

1. public static class FontMetrics {  
   
2.     /**
   
3.      * The maximum distance above the baseline for the tallest glyph in  
   
4.      * the font at a given text size.
   
5.      */  
   
6.     public float   top;  
   
7.     /**
   
8.      * The recommended distance above the baseline for singled spaced text.
   
9.      */  
   
10.     public float   ascent;  
    
11.     /**
    
12.      * The recommended distance below the baseline for singled spaced text.
    
13.      */  
    
14.     public float   descent;  
    
15.     /**
    
16.      * The maximum distance below the baseline for the lowest glyph in  
    
17.      * the font at a given text size.
    
18.      */  
    
19.     public float   bottom;  
    
20.     /**
    
21.      * The recommended additional space to add between lines of text.
    
22.      */  
    
23.     public float   leading;  
    
24. }

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它的各基准线可以参考下图：



上图其实是通过代码画出来的，具体代码如下：

1. 
   
2. /** 绘制FontMetrics对象的各种线 */  
   
3. mPaint.reset();  
   
4. mPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);  
   
5. mPaint.setTextSize(80);  
   
6. // FontMetrics对象   
   
7. FontMetrics fontMetrics = mPaint.getFontMetrics();  
   
8. String text = "abcdefg";  
   
9. // 计算每一个坐标   
   
10. float textWidth = mPaint.measureText(text);  
    
11. float baseX = 30;  
    
12. float baseY = 700;  
    
13. float topY = baseY + fontMetrics.top;  
    
14. float ascentY = baseY + fontMetrics.ascent;  
    
15. float descentY = baseY + fontMetrics.descent;  
    
16. float bottomY = baseY + fontMetrics.bottom;  
    
17. // 绘制文本   
    
18. canvas.drawText(text, baseX, baseY, mPaint);  
    
19. // BaseLine描画   
    
20. mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);  
    
21. canvas.drawLine(baseX, baseY, baseX + textWidth, baseY, mPaint);  
    
22. mPaint.setTextSize(20);  
    
23. canvas.drawText("base", baseX + textWidth, baseY, mPaint);  
    
24. // Base描画   
    
25. canvas.drawCircle(baseX, baseY, 5, mPaint);  
    
26. // TopLine描画   
    
27. mPaint.setColor(Color.LTGRAY);  
    
28. canvas.drawLine(baseX, topY, baseX + textWidth, topY, mPaint);  
    
29. canvas.drawText("top", baseX + textWidth, topY, mPaint);  
    
30. // AscentLine描画   
    
31. mPaint.setColor(Color.GREEN);  
    
32. canvas.drawLine(baseX, ascentY, baseX + textWidth, ascentY, mPaint);  
    
33. canvas.drawText("ascent", baseX + textWidth, ascentY + 10, mPaint);  
    
34. // DescentLine描画   
    
35. mPaint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);  
    
36. canvas.drawLine(baseX, descentY, baseX + textWidth, descentY, mPaint);  
    
37. canvas.drawText("descent", baseX + textWidth, descentY, mPaint);  
    
38. // ButtomLine描画   
    
39. mPaint.setColor(Color.MAGENTA);  
    
40. canvas.drawLine(baseX, bottomY, baseX + textWidth, bottomY, mPaint);  
    
41. canvas.drawText("buttom", baseX + textWidth, bottomY + 10, mPaint);  相信通过以上程序，能够很好的理解topLine，buttomLine，baseLine，ascentLine，descentLine。
    
42. 
    

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相信通过以上程序，能够很好的理解topLine，buttomLine，baseLine，ascentLine，descentLine。
另外：Paint类有两个方法

所以ascent() + descent() 可以看成文字的height。

到此为止，怎么获取文字的height和width都已经揭晓了：

1. 
   
2. /**
   
3. * Return the distance above (negative) the baseline (ascent) based on the
   
4. * current typeface and text size.
   
5. *
   
6. * @return the distance above (negative) the baseline (ascent) based on the
   
7. *         current typeface and text size.
   
8. */  
   
9. public native float ascent();  
   
10.   
    
11. /**
    
12. * Return the distance below (positive) the baseline (descent) based on the
    
13. * current typeface and text size.
    
14. *
    
15. * @return the distance below (positive) the baseline (descent) based on
    
16. *         the current typeface and text size.
    
17. */  
    
18. public native float descent();  ascent()：the distance above the baseline（baseline以上的height）
    
19. 
    
20. descent()：the distance below the baseline（baseline以下的height）

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获取height ： mPaint.ascent() + mPaint.descent()

获取width ： mPaint.measureText(text)