c++/qt设计模式-命令模式

文章中部分内容和思路来自《Head First设计模式》

 

模式定义

将"请求"封装成对象，以便使用不同的请求、队列或日志来参数化其他对象。命令模式也支持可撤销的

 

模式类图

 

典型案例

1.案例说明

假设客户去银行办理存取款业务，业务员根据客户业务的不同对客户账户进行存取款操作。在这个案例中，我们可以将业务员看做命令的发出者，客户账号看做命令接收者，具体命令是存款取款

 

2.代码实现

----------

ICommond.h

----------

 

#ifndef ICOMMOND_H

#define ICOMMOND_H

class ICommond

{

public:

    virtual void execute() = 0;

};

#endif // ICOMMOND_H

 

----------------

MoneyInCommond.h

----------------

 

#ifndef MONEYINCOMMOND_H

#define MONEYINCOMMOND_H

#include "ICommond.h"

#include "Account.h"

class MoneyInCommond : public ICommond

{

public:

    MoneyInCommond(Account *acc, float amount);

    virtual ~MoneyInCommond();

public:

    virtual void execute();

private:

    Account *_acc;

    float _amount;

};

#endif // MONEYINCOMMOND_H

 

------------------

MoneyInCommond.cpp

------------------

 

#include "MoneyInCommond.h"

MoneyInCommond::MoneyInCommond(Account *acc, float amount)

{

    _acc = acc;

    _amount = amount;

}

MoneyInCommond::~MoneyInCommond()

{

}

void MoneyInCommond::execute()

{

    _acc->moneyIn(_amount);

}

 

-----------------

MoneyOutCommond.h

-----------------

 

#ifndef MONEYOUTCOMMOND_H

#define MONEYOUTCOMMOND_H

#include "ICommond.h"

#include "Account.h"

class MoneyOutCommond : public ICommond

{

public:

    MoneyOutCommond(Account *acc, float amount);

    virtual ~MoneyOutCommond();

public:

    virtual void execute();

private:

    Account *_acc;

    float _amount;

};

#endif // MONEYOUTCOMMOND_H

 

-------------------

MoneyOutCommond.cpp

-------------------

 

#include "MoneyOutCommond.h"

MoneyOutCommond::MoneyOutCommond(Account *acc, float amount)

{

    _acc = acc;

    _amount = amount;

}

MoneyOutCommond::~MoneyOutCommond()

{

}

void MoneyOutCommond::execute()

{

    _acc->moneyOut(_amount);

}

 

---------

Account.h

---------

 

#ifndef ACCOUNT_H

#define ACCOUNT_H

class Account

{

public:

    Account();

public:

    void moneyIn(float value); // 存钱

    void moneyOut(float value); // 取钱

    float getTotal() const; // 获取总额

private:

    float _total;

};

#endif // ACCOUNT_H

 

-----------

Account.cpp

-----------

 

#include "Account.h"

Account::Account()

{

    _total = 0;

}

void Account::moneyIn(float value)

{

    _total += value;

}

void Account::moneyOut(float value)

{

    _total -= value;

}

float Account::getTotal() const

{

    return _total;

}

 

---------

Invoker.h

---------

 

#ifndef INVOKER_H

#define INVOKER_H

#include "ICommond.h"

class Invoker

{

public:

    Invoker();

public:

    void setCommond(ICommond *cmd);

    void commondExecute();

private:

    ICommond *_cmd;

};

#endif // INVOKER_H

 

-----------

Invoker.cpp

-----------

 

#include "Invoker.h"

Invoker::Invoker()

{

}

void Invoker::setCommond(ICommond *cmd)

{

    _cmd = cmd;

}

void Invoker::commondExecute()

{

    _cmd->execute();

}

 

--------

main.cpp

--------

 

/**

 * 设计模式-命令模式

 * 要素：1,执行者 2,抽象命令 3,具体命令 4,接受者[作用对象]

 */

#include <QCoreApplication>

#include <QDebug>

#include "Account.h"

#include "Invoker.h"

#include "MoneyInCommond.h"

#include "MoneyOutCommond.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);

    Account *acc = new Account;

    MoneyInCommond *inCmd = new MoneyInCommond(acc, 34);

    Invoker *bankAssist = new Invoker;

    bankAssist->setCommond(inCmd); // 银行职员先给账户存钱

    bankAssist->commondExecute();

    qDebug() << "账户余额：" << acc->getTotal();

    MoneyOutCommond *outCmd = new MoneyOutCommond(acc, 45);

    bankAssist->setCommond(outCmd); // 银行职员从账户取钱

    bankAssist->commondExecute();

    qDebug() << "账户余额：" << acc->getTotal();

    delete outCmd;

    outCmd = NULL;

    delete bankAssist;

    bankAssist = NULL;

    delete inCmd;

    inCmd = NULL;

    delete acc;

    acc = NULL;

    return a.exec();

}

 

案例不太好，但基本能说明问题，《Head First》一书中举了一个遥控器的例子，有兴趣的可以看看