Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之一-----DataGrid如何动态实现多种风格(TableStyle)之间的转换

 

                Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之一

                                        DataGrid如何动态实现多种风格(Style)之间的转换

        DataGrid多用来把数据库中的数据以表格的形式表示出来，初学者的一般做法是用sqlConnection连接数据库后，把数据缓冲到DataSet中，再设定DataGrid的DataSource为此DataSet，这样就轻松的实现了数据的显示。这种方法虽然简单，但是这样有几个缺点：

1．界面不美观。

2．DataGrid最上层的标题与数据库中表格的标题一致。

3．把数据库中的数据没有选择性的全部都显示出来了。

其实DataGrid中TableStyle属性可以解决上面的问题。

        首先用System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle类来设定DataGrid的TableStyle属性，包括显示的背景色、显示的列标题/列类型等；然后建立数据源(可以从数据库直接读取，本文利用DataTable手动创建一些数据作为数据源)；最后利用MappingName属性把数据源中的数据同TableStyle中的相关列建立关联即可。

下面的源代码已经在vs2003中测试通过，语句的说明已经标注在程序中了。

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Data;

 

namespace DataGridBackColor

{

     ///<summary>

     /// MultiStyleForm 的摘要描述。

     ///</summary>

     public class MultiStyleForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form

     {

         private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid dataGrid;

         ///<summary>

         ///设计工具所需的变数。

         ///</summary>

         private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

 

         public MultiStyleForm()

         {

              //

              // Windows Form 设计工具支持的必要项

              //

              InitializeComponent();

              //

              // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 呼叫之后加入任何建构函式程序代码

              //

         }

         ///<summary>

         ///清除任何使用中的资源。

         ///</summary>

         protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

         {

              if( disposing )

              {

                  if(components != null)

                  {

                       components.Dispose();

                  }

              }

              base.Dispose( disposing );

         }

         #region Windows Form 设计工具产生的程序代码

         ///<summary>

         ///此为设计工具支持所必须的方法 - 请勿使用程序代码编辑器修改

         ///这个方法的内容。

         ///</summary>

         private void InitializeComponent()

         {

              this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

              this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

              this.dataGrid = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid();

              ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid)).BeginInit();

              this.SuspendLayout();

              //

              // button1

              //

              this.button1.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.System;

              this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 16);

              this.button1.Name = "button1";

              this.button1.TabIndex = 0;

              this.button1.Text = "Style1";

              this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);

              //

              // button2

              //

              this.button2.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.System;

              this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 16);

              this.button2.Name = "button2";

              this.button2.TabIndex = 1;

              this.button2.Text = "Style2";

              this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);

              //

              // dataGrid

              //

              this.dataGrid.CaptionText = "DataGrid Example";

              this.dataGrid.DataMember = "";

              this.dataGrid.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Bottom;

              this.dataGrid.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;

              this.dataGrid.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 54);

              this.dataGrid.Name = "dataGrid";

              this.dataGrid.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(536, 176);

              this.dataGrid.TabIndex = 2;

              //

              // MultiStyleForm

              //

              this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(5, 15);

              this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(536, 230);

              this.Controls.Add(this.dataGrid);

              this.Controls.Add(this.button2);

              this.Controls.Add(this.button1);

              this.Name = "MultiStyleForm";

              this.Text = "MultiStyleForm";

              this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.MultiStyleForm_Load);

              ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid)).EndInit();

              this.ResumeLayout(false);

         }

         #endregion

         ///<summary>

         ///应用程序的主进入点。

         ///</summary>

         [STAThread]

         static void Main()

         {

              Application.Run(new MultiStyleForm());

         }

         #region User Variable

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle TableStyle1;//风格1

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridBoolColumn TableStyle1Status;//风格1的中Check框

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTextBoxColumn TableStyle1TextBox1;//风格1中的TextBox1框

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTextBoxColumn TableStyle1TextBox2;//风格1中的TextBox2框

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle TableStyle2;//风格2

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTextBoxColumn TableStyle2TextBox1;//风格2中的TextBox1框

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTextBoxColumn TableStyle2TextBox2;//风格2中的TextBox2框

         private DataTable DataGridTable = null;//用Table作数据源

         private DataView DataGridView = null;//用DataView来限定数据源的一些设定

         #endregion

         #region Init TableStyle 分别初始化风格1和风格2

         private void InitTableStyle1()

         {

              TableStyle1 = new DataGridTableStyle();

              TableStyle1Status = new DataGridBoolColumn();

              TableStyle1TextBox1 = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();

              TableStyle1TextBox2 = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();

 

              //

              // TableStyle1

              //

              this.TableStyle1.AlternatingBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Wheat;

              this.TableStyle1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightGray;

              this.TableStyle1.DataGrid = this.dataGrid;

              this.TableStyle1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.MidnightBlue;

              this.TableStyle1.GridColumnStyles.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridColumnStyle[] {

                                                                                                                        this.TableStyle1Status,

                                                                                                                        this.TableStyle1TextBox1,

                                                                                                                         this.TableStyle1TextBox2});

              this.TableStyle1.GridLineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;

              this.TableStyle1.HeaderBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightBlue;

              this.TableStyle1.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;

              this.TableStyle1.MappingName = "";

              this.TableStyle1.RowHeadersVisible = false;

              this.TableStyle1.SelectionBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightSkyBlue;

              this.TableStyle1.SelectionForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.WhiteSmoke;

              //

              // TableStyle1Status

              //

              this.TableStyle1Status.AllowNull = false;

              this.TableStyle1Status.FalseValue = false;

              this.TableStyle1Status.HeaderText = "Status";

              this.TableStyle1Status.MappingName = "";

              this.TableStyle1Status.NullText = "";

              this.TableStyle1Status.TrueValue = true;

              this.TableStyle1Status.Width = 40;

              //

              // TableStyle1TextBox1

              //

              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.Format = "";

              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.FormatInfo = null;

              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.HeaderText = "TextBox1";

              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.MappingName = "";

              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.NullText = "";

              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.ReadOnly = true;

              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.Width = 75;

              //

              // TableStyle1TextBox2

              //

              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.Format = "";

              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.FormatInfo = null;

              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.HeaderText = "TextBox2";

              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.MappingName = "";

              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.NullText = "";

              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.Width = 75;

         }

         private void InitTableStyle2()

         {

              TableStyle2 = new DataGridTableStyle();

              TableStyle2TextBox1 = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();

              TableStyle2TextBox2 = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();

              //

              // TableStyle2

              //

              this.TableStyle2.AlternatingBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Wheat;

              this.TableStyle2.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightGray;

              this.TableStyle2.DataGrid = this.dataGrid;

              this.TableStyle2.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.MidnightBlue;

              this.TableStyle2.GridColumnStyles.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridColumnStyle[] {

                                                                                                                        this.TableStyle2TextBox1,

                                                                                                                        this.TableStyle2TextBox2});

              this.TableStyle2.GridLineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;

              this.TableStyle2.HeaderBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightBlue;

              this.TableStyle2.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;

              this.TableStyle2.MappingName = "";

              this.TableStyle2.RowHeadersVisible = false;

              this.TableStyle2.SelectionBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightSkyBlue;

              this.TableStyle2.SelectionForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.WhiteSmoke;

              //

              // TableStyle2TextBox1

              //

              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.Format = "";

              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.FormatInfo = null;

              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.HeaderText = "TextBox1";

              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.MappingName = "";

              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.NullText = "";

              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.ReadOnly = true;

              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.Width = 75;

              //

              // TableStyle2TextBox2

              //

              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.Format = "";

              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.FormatInfo = null;

              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.HeaderText = "TextBox2";

              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.MappingName = "";

              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.NullText = "";

              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.Width = 75;

         }

         #endregion

         #region Init Table View DataGrid 分别初始化Table View DataGrid和为Table创建数据源

         private void InitTable()

         {

              DataGridTable = new DataTable("DataGridTable");//初始化Table

              DataColumn[] d = new DataColumn[3];//初始化Table中的列

              d[0] = new DataColumn("d0",typeof(bool));

              d[1] = new DataColumn("d1",typeof(string));

              d[2] = new DataColumn("d2",typeof(string));

              DataGridTable.Columns.AddRange(d);//把三列加入Table

              TableStyle1.MappingName = "DataGridTable";//风格1绑定数据源

              TableStyle1Status.MappingName = "d0";//风格1中的列0绑定数据源中的列0

              TableStyle1TextBox1.MappingName = "d1";//风格1中的列1绑定数据源中的列1

              TableStyle1TextBox2.MappingName = "d2";//风格1中的列2绑定数据源中的列2

              TableStyle2.MappingName = "DataGridTable";//风格2绑定数据源

              TableStyle2TextBox1.MappingName = "d2";//风格2中的列1绑定数据源中的列2

              TableStyle2TextBox2.MappingName = "d1";//风格2中的列2绑定数据源中的列1

         }

         private void InitView()

         {

              DataGridView = new DataView();

              DataGridView.Table = DataGridTable;//用View来代表Table，若有多个Table则用DataSet来绑定。

              DataGridView.AllowNew = false;//对Table进行必要的限定

         }

         private void InitDataGrid()

         {

              dataGrid.DataSource = DataGridView;//用View来设定DataGrid的数据源

         }

         private void InitData()//为数据源Table添加数据

         {

              DataRow r = null;

              for( int count = 0 ; count < 4 ; count++ )

              {

                  r = DataGridTable.NewRow();

                  r[0] = false;

                  r[1] = "TextBox1" + count.ToString();

                  r[2] = "TextBox2" + count .ToString();

                  DataGridTable.Rows.Add(r);

              }

         }

         #endregion

 

         private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              //启用风格1

              dataGrid.TableStyles.Clear();

              dataGrid.TableStyles.Add(TableStyle1);

         }

         private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              //启动风格2

              dataGrid.TableStyles.Clear();

              dataGrid.TableStyles.Add(TableStyle2);

         }

         private void MultiStyleForm_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              try

              {

                  InitTableStyle1();

                  InitTableStyle2();

                  InitTable();

                  InitView();

                  InitDataGrid();

                  InitData();

              }

              catch( Exception ex )

              {

                  MessageBox.Show( ex.Message );

              }

         }

     }

}

运行后的画面如下：

原始图面：

启动风格1画面

启动风格2画面

       

        为了能把TableStyle讲清楚，所以本文用了手动的方法来创建。其实vs2003中已经把这个功能整合到IDE中了，通过DataGrid属性栏中的TableStyle属性就可以让IDE自动设置TableStyle的风格了。

       

        DataGrid功能非常强大，除了可以变换风格外，还可以在表格中显示ChechBox控件和ComboBox控件等，有了这篇文章的基础，请继承看下一篇

        Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之二

                        如何在DataGrid中加入CheckBox控件和ComboBox控件

                http://blog.csdn.net/tjvictor/archive/2007/01/22/1489807.aspx