Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之一-----DataGrid如何动态实现多种风格(TableStyle)之间的转换

 

                Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之一
                                        DataGrid如何动态实现多种风格(Style)之间的转换
        DataGrid多用来把数据库中的数据以表格的形式表示出来,初学者的一般做法是用sqlConnection连接数据库后,把数据缓冲到DataSet中,再设定DataGrid的DataSource为此DataSet,这样就轻松的实现了数据的显示。这种方法虽然简单,但是这样有几个缺点:
1.界面不美观。
2.DataGrid最上层的标题与数据库中表格的标题一致。
3.把数据库中的数据没有选择性的全部都显示出来了。
其实DataGrid中TableStyle属性可以解决上面的问题。
        首先用System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle类来设定DataGrid的TableStyle属性,包括显示的背景色、显示的列标题/列类型等;然后建立数据源(可以从数据库直接读取,本文利用DataTable手动创建一些数据作为数据源);最后利用MappingName属性把数据源中的数据同TableStyle中的相关列建立关联即可。
下面的源代码已经在vs2003中测试通过,语句的说明已经标注在程序中了。
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
 
namespace DataGridBackColor
{
     ///<summary>
     /// MultiStyleForm 的摘要描述。
     ///</summary>
     public class MultiStyleForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form
     {
         private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
         private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid dataGrid;
         ///<summary>
         ///设计工具所需的变数。
         ///</summary>
         private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
 
         public MultiStyleForm()
         {
              //
              // Windows Form 设计工具支持的必要项
              //
              InitializeComponent();
              //
              // TODO: InitializeComponent 呼叫之后加入任何建构函式程序代码
              //
         }
         ///<summary>
         ///清除任何使用中的资源。
         ///</summary>
         protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
         {
              if( disposing )
              {
                  if(components != null)
                  {
                       components.Dispose();
                  }
              }
              base.Dispose( disposing );
         }
         #region Windows Form 设计工具产生的程序代码
         ///<summary>
         ///此为设计工具支持所必须的方法 - 请勿使用程序代码编辑器修改
         ///这个方法的内容。
         ///</summary>
         private void InitializeComponent()
         {
              this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
              this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
              this.dataGrid = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid();
              ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid)).BeginInit();
              this.SuspendLayout();
              //
              // button1
              //
              this.button1.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.System;
              this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 16);
              this.button1.Name = "button1";
              this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
              this.button1.Text = "Style1";
              this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
              //
              // button2
              //
              this.button2.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.System;
              this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 16);
              this.button2.Name = "button2";
              this.button2.TabIndex = 1;
              this.button2.Text = "Style2";
              this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);
              //
              // dataGrid
              //
              this.dataGrid.CaptionText = "DataGrid Example";
              this.dataGrid.DataMember = "";
              this.dataGrid.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Bottom;
              this.dataGrid.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;
              this.dataGrid.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 54);
              this.dataGrid.Name = "dataGrid";
              this.dataGrid.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(536, 176);
              this.dataGrid.TabIndex = 2;
              //
              // MultiStyleForm
              //
              this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(5, 15);
              this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(536, 230);
              this.Controls.Add(this.dataGrid);
              this.Controls.Add(this.button2);
              this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
              this.Name = "MultiStyleForm";
              this.Text = "MultiStyleForm";
              this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.MultiStyleForm_Load);
              ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid)).EndInit();
              this.ResumeLayout(false);
         }
         #endregion
         ///<summary>
         ///应用程序的主进入点。
         ///</summary>
         [STAThread]
         static void Main()
         {
              Application.Run(new MultiStyleForm());
         }
         #region User Variable
         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle TableStyle1;//风格1
         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridBoolColumn TableStyle1Status;//风格1的中Check
         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTextBoxColumn TableStyle1TextBox1;//风格1中的TextBox1
         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTextBoxColumn TableStyle1TextBox2;//风格1中的TextBox2
         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle TableStyle2;//风格2
         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTextBoxColumn TableStyle2TextBox1;//风格2中的TextBox1
         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTextBoxColumn TableStyle2TextBox2;//风格2中的TextBox2
         private DataTable DataGridTable = null;//Table作数据源
         private DataView DataGridView = null;//DataView来限定数据源的一些设定
         #endregion
         #region Init TableStyle 分别初始化风格1和风格2
         private void InitTableStyle1()
         {
              TableStyle1 = new DataGridTableStyle();
              TableStyle1Status = new DataGridBoolColumn();
              TableStyle1TextBox1 = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();
              TableStyle1TextBox2 = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();
 
              //
              // TableStyle1
              //
              this.TableStyle1.AlternatingBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Wheat;
              this.TableStyle1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightGray;
              this.TableStyle1.DataGrid = this.dataGrid;
              this.TableStyle1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.MidnightBlue;
              this.TableStyle1.GridColumnStyles.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridColumnStyle[] {
                                                                                                                        this.TableStyle1Status,
                                                                                                                        this.TableStyle1TextBox1,
                                                                                                                         this.TableStyle1TextBox2});
              this.TableStyle1.GridLineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;
              this.TableStyle1.HeaderBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightBlue;
              this.TableStyle1.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;
              this.TableStyle1.MappingName = "";
              this.TableStyle1.RowHeadersVisible = false;
              this.TableStyle1.SelectionBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightSkyBlue;
              this.TableStyle1.SelectionForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.WhiteSmoke;
              //
              // TableStyle1Status
              //
              this.TableStyle1Status.AllowNull = false;
              this.TableStyle1Status.FalseValue = false;
              this.TableStyle1Status.HeaderText = "Status";
              this.TableStyle1Status.MappingName = "";
              this.TableStyle1Status.NullText = "";
              this.TableStyle1Status.TrueValue = true;
              this.TableStyle1Status.Width = 40;
              //
              // TableStyle1TextBox1
              //
              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.Format = "";
              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.FormatInfo = null;
              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.HeaderText = "TextBox1";
              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.MappingName = "";
              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.NullText = "";
              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.ReadOnly = true;
              this.TableStyle1TextBox1.Width = 75;
              //
              // TableStyle1TextBox2
              //
              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.Format = "";
              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.FormatInfo = null;
              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.HeaderText = "TextBox2";
              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.MappingName = "";
              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.NullText = "";
              this.TableStyle1TextBox2.Width = 75;
         }
         private void InitTableStyle2()
         {
              TableStyle2 = new DataGridTableStyle();
              TableStyle2TextBox1 = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();
              TableStyle2TextBox2 = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();
              //
              // TableStyle2
              //
              this.TableStyle2.AlternatingBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Wheat;
              this.TableStyle2.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightGray;
              this.TableStyle2.DataGrid = this.dataGrid;
              this.TableStyle2.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.MidnightBlue;
              this.TableStyle2.GridColumnStyles.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridColumnStyle[] {
                                                                                                                        this.TableStyle2TextBox1,
                                                                                                                        this.TableStyle2TextBox2});
              this.TableStyle2.GridLineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;
              this.TableStyle2.HeaderBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightBlue;
              this.TableStyle2.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;
              this.TableStyle2.MappingName = "";
              this.TableStyle2.RowHeadersVisible = false;
              this.TableStyle2.SelectionBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightSkyBlue;
              this.TableStyle2.SelectionForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.WhiteSmoke;
              //
              // TableStyle2TextBox1
              //
              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.Format = "";
              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.FormatInfo = null;
              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.HeaderText = "TextBox1";
              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.MappingName = "";
              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.NullText = "";
              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.ReadOnly = true;
              this.TableStyle2TextBox1.Width = 75;
              //
              // TableStyle2TextBox2
              //
              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.Format = "";
              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.FormatInfo = null;
              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.HeaderText = "TextBox2";
              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.MappingName = "";
              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.NullText = "";
              this.TableStyle2TextBox2.Width = 75;
         }
         #endregion
         #region Init Table View DataGrid 分别初始化Table View DataGrid和为Table创建数据源
         private void InitTable()
         {
              DataGridTable = new DataTable("DataGridTable");//初始化Table
              DataColumn[] d = new DataColumn[3];//初始化Table中的列
              d[0] = new DataColumn("d0",typeof(bool));
              d[1] = new DataColumn("d1",typeof(string));
              d[2] = new DataColumn("d2",typeof(string));
              DataGridTable.Columns.AddRange(d);//把三列加入Table
              TableStyle1.MappingName = "DataGridTable";//风格1绑定数据源
              TableStyle1Status.MappingName = "d0";//风格1中的列0绑定数据源中的列0
              TableStyle1TextBox1.MappingName = "d1";//风格1中的列1绑定数据源中的列1
              TableStyle1TextBox2.MappingName = "d2";//风格1中的列2绑定数据源中的列2
              TableStyle2.MappingName = "DataGridTable";//风格2绑定数据源
              TableStyle2TextBox1.MappingName = "d2";//风格2中的列1绑定数据源中的列2
              TableStyle2TextBox2.MappingName = "d1";//风格2中的列2绑定数据源中的列1
         }
         private void InitView()
         {
              DataGridView = new DataView();
              DataGridView.Table = DataGridTable;//View来代表Table,若有多个Table则用DataSet来绑定。
              DataGridView.AllowNew = false;//Table进行必要的限定
         }
         private void InitDataGrid()
         {
              dataGrid.DataSource = DataGridView;//View来设定DataGrid的数据源
         }
         private void InitData()//为数据源Table添加数据
         {
              DataRow r = null;
              for( int count = 0 ; count < 4 ; count++ )
              {
                  r = DataGridTable.NewRow();
                  r[0] = false;
                  r[1] = "TextBox1" + count.ToString();
                  r[2] = "TextBox2" + count .ToString();
                  DataGridTable.Rows.Add(r);
              }
         }
         #endregion
 
         private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
         {
              //启用风格1
              dataGrid.TableStyles.Clear();
              dataGrid.TableStyles.Add(TableStyle1);
         }
         private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
         {
              //启动风格2
              dataGrid.TableStyles.Clear();
              dataGrid.TableStyles.Add(TableStyle2);
         }
         private void MultiStyleForm_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
         {
              try
              {
                  InitTableStyle1();
                  InitTableStyle2();
                  InitTable();
                  InitView();
                  InitDataGrid();
                  InitData();
              }
              catch( Exception ex )
              {
                  MessageBox.Show( ex.Message );
              }
         }
     }
}
运行后的画面如下:
原始图面:
启动风格1画面
启动风格2画面
       
        为了能把TableStyle讲清楚,所以本文用了手动的方法来创建。其实vs2003中已经把这个功能整合到IDE中了,通过DataGrid属性栏中的TableStyle属性就可以让IDE自动设置TableStyle的风格了。
       
        DataGrid功能非常强大,除了可以变换风格外,还可以在表格中显示ChechBox控件和ComboBox控件等,有了这篇文章的基础,请继承看下一篇
        Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之二
                        如何在DataGrid中加入CheckBox控件和ComboBox控件
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