转自 http://blog.csdn.net/u012436149/article/details/53696970
Variable
tensorflow中有两个关于variable的op,tf.Variable()
与tf.get_variable()
下面介绍这两个的区别
tf.Variable与tf.get_variable()
tf.Variable(initial_value=None, trainable=True, collections=None, validate_shape=True, caching_device=None, name=None, variable_def=None, dtype=None, expected_shape=None, import_scope=None)
tf.get_variable(name, shape=None, dtype=None, initializer=None, regularizer=None, trainable=True, collections=None, caching_device=None, partitioner=None, validate_shape=True, custom_getter=None)
区别
- 使用
tf.Variable
时,如果检测到命名冲突,系统会自己处理。使用tf.get_variable()
时,系统不会处理冲突,而会报错
import tensorflow as tf
w_1 = tf.Variable(3,name="w_1")
w_2 = tf.Variable(1,name="w_1")
print w_1.name
print w_2.name
import tensorflow as tf
w_1 = tf.get_variable(name="w_1",initializer=1)
w_2 = tf.get_variable(name="w_1",initializer=2)
- 基于这两个函数的特性,当我们需要共享变量的时候,需要使用
tf.get_variable()
。在其他情况下,这两个的用法是一样的
get_variable()与Variable的实质区别
来看下面一段代码:
import tensorflow as tf
with tf.variable_scope("scope1"):
w1 = tf.get_variable("w1", shape=[])
w2 = tf.Variable(0.0, name="w2")
with tf.variable_scope("scope1", reuse=True):
w1_p = tf.get_variable("w1", shape=[])
w2_p = tf.Variable(1.0, name="w2")
print(w1 is w1_p, w2 is w2_p)
看到这,就可以明白官网上说的参数复用的真面目了。由于tf.Variable()
每次都在创建新对象,所有reuse=True
和它并没有什么关系。对于get_variable()
,来说,如果已经创建的变量对象,就把那个对象返回,如果没有创建变量对象的话,就创建一个新的。
random Tensor
可用于赋值给tf.Variable()
的第一个参数
tf.random_normal(shape, mean=0.0, stddev=1.0, dtype=tf.float32, seed=None, name=None)
tf.truncated_normal(shape, mean=0.0, stddev=1.0, dtype=tf.float32, seed=None, name=None)
tf.random_uniform(shape, minval=0, maxval=None, dtype=tf.float32, seed=None, name=None)
tf.random_shuffle(value, seed=None, name=None)
tf.random_crop(value, size, seed=None, name=None)
tf.multinomial(logits, num_samples, seed=None, name=None)
tf.random_gamma(shape, alpha, beta=None, dtype=tf.float32, seed=None, name=None)
tf.set_random_seed(seed)
constant value tensor
tf.zeros(shape, dtype=tf.float32, name=None)
tf.zeros_like(tensor, dtype=None, name=None)
tf.ones(shape, dtype=tf.float32, name=None)
tf.ones_like(tensor, dtype=None, name=None)
tf.fill(dims, value, name=None)
tf.constant(value, dtype=None, shape=None, name='Const')
initializer
tf.constant_initializer(value=0, dtype=tf.float32)
tf.random_normal_initializer(mean=0.0, stddev=1.0, seed=None, dtype=tf.float32)
tf.truncated_normal_initializer(mean=0.0, stddev=1.0, seed=None, dtype=tf.float32)
tf.random_uniform_initializer(minval=0, maxval=None, seed=None, dtype=tf.float32)
tf.uniform_unit_scaling_initializer(factor=1.0, seed=None, dtype=tf.float32)
tf.zeros_initializer(shape, dtype=tf.float32, partition_info=None)
tf.ones_initializer(dtype=tf.float32, partition_info=None)
tf.orthogonal_initializer(gain=1.0, dtype=tf.float32, seed=None)