TensorFlow训练mnist数据集（卷积神经网络lenet5）

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-10 22:42:57 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-12-10 22:42:57 发布

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分类专栏： Tensorflow的学习文章标签： tensorflow mnist 卷积神经网络 lenet5

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u013841196/article/details/76408752

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TensorFlow使用经典卷积神经网络实现对手写数字mnist的训练和测试

两个卷积，两个池化，两个全连接层。

代码如下：（在上一篇的基础上更改网络lenet5）

代码分为3部分，网络-训练和测试

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Jul 25 10:04:39 2017

@author: mnist_inference.py
"""

import tensorflow as tf

#配置神经网络的参数
INPUT_NODE = 784
OUTPUT_NODE = 10

IMAGE_SIZE = 28
NUM_CHANNELS = 1
NUM_LABELS = 10

#第一层卷积层的尺寸的深度
CONV1_DEEP = 32
CONV1_SIZE = 5
#第二层卷积层的尺寸和深度
CONV2_DEEP = 64
CONV2_SIZE = 5
#全连接层的节点个数
FC_SIZE = 512

#定义卷积神经网络前向传播过程
def inference(input_tensor, train, regularizer):
    #声明第一层神经网络的变量并完成前向传播过程
    with tf.variable_scope('layer1-conv1'):
        conv1_weights = tf.get_variable("weights", [CONV1_SIZE,CONV1_SIZE,NUM_CHANNELS,CONV1_DEEP],
                                        initializer=tf.truncated_normal_initializer(stddev = 0.1))
        conv1_biases = tf.get_variable("bias", [CONV1_DEEP], initializer=tf.constant_initializer(0.0))
        
        #使用边长为5， 深度为32的过滤器， 过滤器的移动步长是1， 且使用全零填充。
        conv1 = tf.nn.conv2d(input_tensor,conv1_weights,strides=[1,1,1,1],padding='SAME')
        relu1 = tf.nn.relu(tf.nn.bias_add(conv1, conv1_biases))
    
    #实现第二层池化层的前向传播过程
    #使用全零填充，移动的步长为2，这一层的输入是上一层的输出，也就是28*28*32
    with tf.name_scope('layer2-pool1'):
        pool1 = tf.nn.max_pool(relu1, ksize=[1,2,2,1],strides=[1,2,2,1],padding='SAME')
    
    #声明第三层的卷积变量并实现前向传播过程。这一层的输入为14*14*32的矩阵
    with tf.variable_scope('layer3-conv2'):
        conv2_weighs = tf.get_variable('weights',[CONV2_SIZE,CONV2_SIZE,CONV1_DEEP,CONV2_DEEP],
                                       initializer=tf.truncated_normal_initializer(stddev = 0.1))
        conv2_biases = tf.get_variable('bias',[CONV2_DEEP], initializer=tf.constant_initializer(0.0))
        
        #使用边长为5， 深度为64的过滤器， 步长为1， 且使用全零填充
        conv2 = tf.nn.conv2d(pool1, conv2_weighs, strides=[1,1,1,1], padding='SAME')
        relu2 = tf.nn.relu(tf.nn.bias_add(conv2,conv2_biases))
        
    #实现第四层池化层的前向传播过程
    #这一层的输入是14*14*64的矩阵，输出是7*7*64的矩阵
    with tf.name_scope('layer4-pool2'):
        pool2 = tf.nn.max_pool(relu2, ksize=[1,2,2,1], strides=[1,2,2,1], padding='SAME')
    
    #将第四层池化层的输出转化为第五层全连接层的输入格式
    pool_shape = pool2.get_shape().as_list()
    #计算将矩阵拉直成向量的长度
    nodes = pool_shape[1]*pool_shape[2]*pool_shape[3]
    #变成一个batch 的向量
    reshaped = tf.reshape(pool2, [pool_shape[0], nodes])
    
    #声明第五层全连接层的变量并实现前向传播过程
    with tf.variable_scope('layer5-fc1'):
        fc1_weights = tf.get_variable("weights", [nodes,FC_SIZE],
                                      initializer=tf.truncated_normal_initializer(stddev=0.1))
        #只有全连接层的权重需要加入正则化
        if regularizer != None:
            tf.add_to_collection('losses', regularizer(fc1_weights))
        fc1_biases = tf.get_variable("bias", [FC_SIZE], initializer=tf.constant_initializer(0.1))
        
        fc1 = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(reshaped, fc1_weights) + fc1_biases)
        if train: fc1 = tf.nn.dropout(fc1, 0.5)
        
    #声明第六层全连接层的变量并实现前向传播过程
    with tf.variable_scope('layer6-fc2'):
        fc2_weights = tf.get_variable('weights', [FC_SIZE, NUM_LABELS],
                                      initializer=tf.truncated_normal_initializer(stddev = 0.1))
        if regularizer != None:
            tf.add_to_collection('losses', regularizer(fc2_weights))
        fc2_biases = tf.get_variable("bias", [NUM_LABELS], initializer=tf.constant_initializer(0.1))
        logit = tf.matmul(fc1,fc2_weights)+fc2_biases
    #返回最后前向传播的结果
    return logit

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Jul 25 14:00:16 2017

@author: mnist_train.py
"""

import os
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data

#加载mnist_inference.py中定义的常量和前向传播的函数
import mnist_inference

#配置神经网络的参数
BATCH_SIZE = 100
LEARNING_RATE_BASE = 0.05
LEARNING_RATE_DECAY = 0.99
REGULARAZTION_RATE = 0.0001
TRAINING_STEPS = 30000
MOVING_AVERAGE_DECAY = 0.99
#模型保存的路径和文件名
MODEL_SAVE_PATH = r"C:\Users\alienware\Desktop\mnist3\ckpt"
MODEL_NAME = "model.ckpt"

def train(mnist):
    #定义输入输出placeholder
    x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [BATCH_SIZE, mnist_inference.IMAGE_SIZE, mnist_inference.IMAGE_SIZE, mnist_inference.NUM_CHANNELS] , name = 'x-input')
    y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32,[None, mnist_inference.OUTPUT_NODE] , name = 'y-input')
    
    regularizer = tf.contrib.layers.l2_regularizer(REGULARAZTION_RATE)
    #前向传播
    y = mnist_inference.inference(x, True,regularizer)
    global_step = tf.Variable(0, trainable=False)
    
    #定义损失函数、学习率、滑动平滑操作以及训练过程
    variable_averages = tf.train.ExponentialMovingAverage(MOVING_AVERAGE_DECAY, global_step)
    variable_averages_op = variable_averages.apply(tf.trainable_variables())
    cross_entropy = tf.nn.sparse_softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits=y, labels=tf.arg_max(y_,1))
    cross_entropy_mean = tf.reduce_mean(cross_entropy)
    loss = cross_entropy_mean + tf.add_n(tf.get_collection('losses'))
    learning_rate = tf.train.exponential_decay(
            LEARNING_RATE_BASE,
            global_step,
            mnist.train.num_examples/BATCH_SIZE,
            LEARNING_RATE_DECAY)
    train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(loss,global_step=global_step)
    with tf.control_dependencies([train_step, variable_averages_op]):
        train_op = tf.no_op(name='train')
        
    #初始化tensor持久化类
    saver = tf.train.Saver()
    with tf.Session() as sess:
        tf.initialize_all_variables().run()
        
        for i in range(TRAINING_STEPS):
            xs,ys = mnist.train.next_batch(BATCH_SIZE)
            reshaped_xs = np.reshape(xs, [BATCH_SIZE, mnist_inference.IMAGE_SIZE, mnist_inference.IMAGE_SIZE, mnist_inference.NUM_CHANNELS])
            _,loss_value, step = sess.run([train_op, loss, global_step], feed_dict={x:reshaped_xs, y_:ys})
            #每1000轮保存一次模型
            if i % 1000 == 0:
                #输出当前的训练情况
                print("After %d training step(s), loss on training "
                      "batch is %g." % (step, loss_value))
                saver.save(sess, os.path.join(MODEL_SAVE_PATH, MODEL_NAME), global_step=global_step)

def main(argv=None):
    mnist = input_data.read_data_sets(r"F:\Tensor\MNIST_data", one_hot=True)
    train(mnist)
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    tf.app.run()

训练的结果为：

Extracting F:\Tensor\MNIST_data\train-images-idx3-ubyte.gz
Extracting F:\Tensor\MNIST_data\train-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz
Extracting F:\Tensor\MNIST_data\t10k-images-idx3-ubyte.gz
Extracting F:\Tensor\MNIST_data\t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz
WARNING:tensorflow:From C:/Users/alienware/Desktop/mnist3/mnist_train.py:55: initialize_all_variables (from tensorflow.python.ops.variables) is deprecated and will be removed after 2017-03-02.
Instructions for updating:
Use `tf.global_variables_initializer` instead.
After 1 training step(s), loss on training batch is 5.18155.
After 1001 training step(s), loss on training batch is 0.689416.
After 2001 training step(s), loss on training batch is 0.676516.

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Wed Jul 26 13:58:24 2017

@author: mnist_eval.py
"""

import time
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data

#加载mnist_inference.py和mnist_train.py中定义的常量和函数
import mnist_inference
import mnist_train

#每10秒加载一次最新的模型， 并在测试数据上测试最新的正确率
EVAL_INTERVAL_SECS = 10
BATCH_SIZE = 1000
def evaluate(mnist):
    with tf.Graph().as_default() as g:
        #定义输入输出的格式
        x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [BATCH_SIZE, mnist_inference.IMAGE_SIZE, mnist_inference.IMAGE_SIZE, mnist_inference.NUM_CHANNELS] , name = 'x-input')
        y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, mnist_inference.OUTPUT_NODE], name='y-input')
        xs = mnist.validation.images[:1000]
        reshaped_xs = np.reshape(xs, [BATCH_SIZE, mnist_inference.IMAGE_SIZE, mnist_inference.IMAGE_SIZE, mnist_inference.NUM_CHANNELS])
        validate_feed = {x:reshaped_xs,
                         y_:mnist.validation.labels[:1000]}
        #前向传播
        y = mnist_inference.inference(x,False,None)
        #使用前向传播的结果计算正确率
        correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.arg_max(y,1), tf.arg_max(y_,1))
        accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))
        
        #通过变量重命名的方式来加载模型
        variable_averages = tf.train.ExponentialMovingAverage(mnist_train.MOVING_AVERAGE_DECAY)
        variables_to_restore = variable_averages.variables_to_restore()
        saver = tf.train.Saver(variables_to_restore)
        
        #每隔EVAL_INTERVAL_SECS秒调用一次计算正确率的过程以检测训练过程中正确率的变化
        while True:
            with tf.Session() as sess:
                ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state(mnist_train.MODEL_SAVE_PATH)
                if ckpt and ckpt.model_checkpoint_path:
                    #加载模型
                    saver.restore(sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)
                    #通过文件名得到模型保存时迭代的轮数
                    global_step = ckpt.model_checkpoint_path.split('/')[-1].split('-')[-1]
                    accuracy_score = sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict=validate_feed)
                    print("After %s training step(s), validation ""accuracy = %g" % (global_step, accuracy_score))
                else:
                    print('No checkpoint file found')
                    return
                time.sleep(EVAL_INTERVAL_SECS)

def main(argv=None):
    mnist = input_data.read_data_sets(r"F:\Tensor\MNIST_data", one_hot=True)
    evaluate(mnist)
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    tf.app.run()

测试的结果为：

Extracting F:\Tensor\MNIST_data\train-images-idx3-ubyte.gz
Extracting F:\Tensor\MNIST_data\train-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz
Extracting F:\Tensor\MNIST_data\t10k-images-idx3-ubyte.gz
Extracting F:\Tensor\MNIST_data\t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz
INFO:tensorflow:Restoring parameters from C:\Users\alienware\Desktop\mnist3\ckpt\model.ckpt-2001
After 2001 training step(s), validation accuracy = 0.984
INFO:tensorflow:Restoring parameters from C:\Users\alienware\Desktop\mnist3\ckpt\model.ckpt-2001
After 2001 training step(s), validation accuracy = 0.984