英语每天笔记

          今天早上读了半个小时的英语,学到了一些经典语句和词汇:

1、They failed to go outing because of the weather;由于天气的原因,他们不能外出郊游;

这个语句中fail to:不能(用于客观事实原因的存在),而can not表示客观上不能做某事;because of 后接名词或短语表示“由于”的意思,强调的是原因;

2、He was late as a result of the snow.他由于大雪迟到了。as a result of: 因此,由于;作为…的结果,这里强调的是结果;

3、The damage resulted from the fire;大火导致了损坏。(这里的意思可以理解:损坏是由于大火导致的)

      Their efforts resulted in failure. 他们的努力归于失败;(这里的意思可以理解:他们努力的结果是失败的)

      result from 与result in的区别是:result in表示"结果";result from表示"原因"。

4、I was in the bath,with the result that I didn't hear the telephone.我由于在洗澡,结果没听到电话;

    in the bath 在浴室或在浴缸里(表示位置)
    in bath 在洗澡(表状态)
    with the result that:其结果是...  ,因此

5、The new computer has more memory and is therefore faster than the old one.新计算机内存更大,因此比旧的更快些。

thus/so/therefore与“因此、如此”

这三个词均可用作连词、副词,具体用法如下:

⑴用作副词时,这三个词都可与and连用,用于连接并列分句,此时可以互换使用。如:

He forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the program.他忘了打开收音机, 因此错过了那个节目。

注意:so用作副词时,常修饰形容词或其他副词;therefore可位于句中,前后用逗号隔开。如:

People are not so honest as they once were.人们现在不如过去那样诚实了。

The novelist, therefore, has a special responsibility both the present and the past of his country. 因此,小说家对国家的现在和过去都负有特殊的责任。

⑵用作连词时,so可独立引导并列分句(分句前可用逗号或不用);therefore/thus其前必须有分号(或破折号)隔开或与and连用,才能引导并列分句。试比较:

He was sick, so they were quiet.他病了,所以他们很安静。

There has been no rain — thus, the crops are drying.天没下雨,因此庄稼要枯死了。

It rained; therefore the game was called off.下雨了,因此比赛取消了。

常见短语:and so on/and so forth等等;so as to(= in order to)以便;so that(= in order that)以便、所以;thus far至今、迄今(= so far/ up to now/ til now/until now)。如:

This shop sells clothes, shoes, hats and so on.这商店卖衣服, 鞋, 帽子等等。

He ran quickly so as to catch the last bus.他跑得很快以便赶上那末班车。

I stopped so that you could catch up.我停下来以便你能赶上。

We haven't had any problems thus far.迄今为止,我们还没有什么问题。

6、we stayed at home because it rained.由于下雨,我们呆在家里。because表原因,后面只能接句子;

7、Why didn't you stop him?为什么你不拦住他?

stop用法详见:http://www.jukuu.com/worddetail/stop

8、Everybody likes him as he's kind and honest;人人都喜欢他,因为他和气而且诚实。

as表示原因,作“因为,既然”解,引导原因状语从句,表示不说自明的原因或理由,语气较轻,是附带提及,不加强调。as引导的从句可放在主句之前(表示原因不明显),也可放在主句之后(表示原因明显)。

as详细用法见:http://www.jukuu.com/worddetail/index.php?q=as

9、Since you insist,I must go.既然你坚持,我就得去啦。

since作“因为,既然,由于”解时,引导原因状语从句,用来说明产生主句的原因,这种原因带有分析后的推理性质;

since详细用法见:http://www.jukuu.com/worddetail/index.php?q=since

10、I cannot see anything for the fog.因为有雾我看不见任何东西。

because ,since,for,as 都表示因为时区别:

because:一般放在主句后,常表示说话人认为这种原因或理由是听话人所不知道的。
eg;why were you  absent? because i was not well
because之前可以加 only, simply,just等强调词
也可用否定词'not'eg:not because…but……
since,"既然"是一种“附带原因”,表示事物关系上的自然结果,往往放在句首,相当于“now that”
as"由于"比前面两个语气弱,多用在日常谈话中,表示明显的因果关系
for"因为"表示的是附加的理由,推断的理由,只能放在主句后且用逗号 隔开
eg:the oil must be out,for the light went out

一些常用词汇:

Why didn't you phone me from a call box?你为什么没在公用电话亭给我打电话?

a call box:公用电话亭

I didn't have any change我没有零钱。change:零钱;

The air tickets for the National Day are sold out.国庆节的机票都售完了;

the National Day:国庆节     are sold out:售完

I didn't expect that.没料到是这样。

in advance:提前  Take it easy 别紧张,别着急

cancel a reservation:取消预订

That's all right.不用了

That's all right.的三种用法
(1)用于对别人表示感谢的答语,意思是"不用谢,不客气",相当于That's ok./Not at all./You're welcome.
(2)用于别人向你道歉时的答语,意思是“没关系”,相当于Never mind/It doesn't matter.
(3)用于对对方某一情况表示“没问题”,“行了”或“不用了”或“可以了”。

Thank you all the same.仍然谢谢你或者多谢了。

作文佳句:

I think that this problem of teenagers getting into trouble with the law is mainly caused by unplement.

我认为青少年犯罪主要是由于失业导致的。

Because of the high level of unemployment, many teenagers nowadays leave school and find that they have no choice of getting a job,and this obviously makes them feel bored and frustrated.由于高失业率,许多青少年离开学校后,找不到工作,这很明显让他们感到无聊和失意。

And as a result of this,they're much likely to get drunk and so on.结果就是他们很可能酗酒等。

Another thing of course is that you get groups of unemployed teenagers wandering around the with nothing to do,which can easily lead to trouble of one sort or another.另外一个原因是成群的没有工作的青少年在大街上闲逛,无事可做,这也易导致种种麻烦。

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