python3+PyQt5 使用自定义模型保存数据并通过不同视图形式展示数据

本文通过将创建自定义模型保存船只数据，并会用两个不同的表格视图形式来显示同样的模型。
实现自定义模型，继承QAbstractTableModel，具体参照QT库。

/home/yrd/eric_workspace/chap14/ships_model/ships.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import platform
from PyQt5.QtCore import (QAbstractTableModel, QDataStream, QFile,
        QIODevice, QModelIndex,QVariant, Qt,pyqtSignal)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication


NAME, OWNER, COUNTRY, DESCRIPTION, TEU = range(5)

MAGIC_NUMBER = 0x570C4
FILE_VERSION = 1


class Ship(object):

    def __init__(self, name, owner, country, teu=0, description=""):
        self.name = name
        self.owner = owner
        self.country = country
        self.teu = teu
        self.description = description


    def __hash__(self):
        return super(Ship, self).__hash__()


    def __lt__(self, other):
        return bool(self.name.lower()<other.name.lower())


    def __eq__(self, other):
        return bool(self.name.lower()==other.name.lower())



class ShipTableModel(QAbstractTableModel):
    dataChanged = pyqtSignal(QModelIndex,QModelIndex)

    def __init__(self, filename=""):
        super(ShipTableModel, self).__init__()
        self.filename = filename
        self.dirty = False
        self.ships = []
        self.owners = set()
        self.countries = set()


    def sortByName(self):
        self.beginResetModel()
        self.ships = sorted(self.ships)
        self.endResetModel()


    def sortByCountryOwner(self):
        self.beginResetModel()
        self.ships = sorted(self.ships,
                            key=lambda x: (x.country, x.owner, x.name))
        self.endResetModel()



    def flags(self, index):
        if not index.isValid():
            return Qt.ItemIsEnabled
        return Qt.ItemFlags(
                QAbstractTableModel.flags(self, index)|
                Qt.ItemIsEditable)


    def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
        if (not index.isValid() or
            not (0 <= index.row() < len(self.ships))):
            return QVariant()
        ship = self.ships[index.row()]
        column = index.column()
        if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
            if column == NAME:
                return ship.name
            elif column == OWNER:
                return ship.owner
            elif column == COUNTRY:
                return ship.country
            elif column == DESCRIPTION:
                return ship.description
            elif column == TEU:
                return ship.teu
        elif role == Qt.TextAlignmentRole:
            if column == TEU:
                return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter))
            return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter))
        elif role == Qt.TextColorRole and column == TEU:
            if ship.teu < 80000:
                return QVariant(QColor(Qt.black))
            elif ship.teu < 100000:
                return QVariant(QColor(Qt.darkBlue))
            elif ship.teu < 120000:
                return QVariant(QColor(Qt.blue))
            else:
                return QVariant(QColor(Qt.red))
        elif role == Qt.BackgroundColorRole:
            if ship.country in ("Bahamas", "Cyprus", "Denmark",
                    "France", "Germany", "Greece"):
                return QVariant(QColor(250, 230, 250))
            elif ship.country in ("Hong Kong", "Japan", "Taiwan"):
                return QVariant(QColor(250, 250, 230))
            elif ship.country in ("Marshall Islands",):
                return QVariant(QColor(230, 250, 250))
            else:
                return QVariant(QColor(210, 230, 230))
        return QVariant()


    def headerData(self, section, orientation, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
        if role == Qt.TextAlignmentRole:
            if orientation == Qt.Horizontal:
                return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter))
            return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter))
        if role != Qt.DisplayRole:
            return QVariant()
        if orientation == Qt.Horizontal:
            if section == NAME:
                return QVariant("Name")
            elif section == OWNER:
                return QVariant("Owner")
            elif section == COUNTRY:
                return QVariant("Country")
            elif section == DESCRIPTION:
                return QVariant("Description")
            elif section == TEU:
                return QVariant("TEU")
        return QVariant(int(section + 1))


    def rowCount(self, index=QModelIndex()):
        return len(self.ships)


    def columnCount(self, index=QModelIndex()):
        return 5


    def setData(self, index, value, role=Qt.EditRole):
        if index.isValid() and 0 <= index.row() < len(self.ships):
            #self.beginResetModel()
            ship = self.ships[index.row()]
            column = index.column()
            if column == NAME:
                ship.name = str(value)
            elif column == OWNER:
                ship.owner = str(value)
            elif column == COUNTRY:
                ship.country = str(value)
            elif column == DESCRIPTION:
                ship.description = str(value)
            elif column == TEU:
                if str(value).isdecimal():
                    ship.teu=int(value)
            self.dirty = True
            self.dataChanged[QModelIndex,QModelIndex].emit(index,index)
            #self.endResetModel()
            return True
        return False


    def insertRows(self, position, rows=1, index=QModelIndex