Installing packages into Canopy User Python from the OS command line

参考网址：https://support.enthought.com/hc/en-us/articles/204469690-Installing-packages-into-Canopy-User-Python-from-the-OS-command-line

本来准备安装ped，结果官网上推荐canopy，然后就下载了，打开发现功能很强大，于是就准备研究一番。先导过来，后面再翻译和整理。

Whenever possible, packages should be installed using Canopy’s Package Manager or equivalently at the command-line:

enpkg
If the package is not available or you require a more recent version, please see the following steps.

Standard quick steps

1) Update to the latest version of Canopy. If you are running Canopy version 1.5.4 or earlier, see this article.

2) Be sure that you are logged in on the Canopy Welcome Screen.

3) In the Canopy Package Manager, update the setuptools and pip packages. Alternatively, these can be updated from the command line, see (5).

4) From the Canopy Tools menu, open a Canopy Command Prompt (Windows) or Canopy Terminal (Mac or Linux). Use this in the following steps.

5) If you skipped (3), then type the following commands:

enpkg setuptools
enpkg pip
6) Type the following command:

pip install
7) Note that while the newly installed package can be imported (used) in your Python programs, it will not show in the Package Manager, nor in enpkg’s list of installed packages, which are mostly equivalent; these only include the packages that they have installed themselves.

Background and problem cases:

You can install additional packages (either external or from the Canopy / EPD repository) into Canopy User Python in a Windows command prompt window or Mac/Linux terminal window.

1. The key point is that you must install into the Canopy User Python environment, not into Canopy’s Core or System Python environments.

Ensure that Canopy User Python is on the shell PATH, i.e. that typing python at the prompt starts Canopy User Python, not another python. The easiest way to ensure this is to work in a Canopy Command Prompt (Windows) or a Canopy Terminal (Mac or Linux), available from the Canopy Tools menu in Canopy 1.4 and above.

Otherwise, see this article for details on setting PATH, and see this article for more information about the difference between Canopy User Python and other Canopy Pythons, which you should not use directly.

1. To install a package which is not available in the Canopy / EPD repository, follow standard Python installation procedures from the OS command line. In most cases, all you need to do is:

pip install
3. Packages which include C-language extensions are more difficult to build on Windows. See this article for details. In many cases, you may find it easiest to download a Windows binary package from Chris Gohlke’s “Unofficial Windows Binaries for Python Extension Packages” page, then:

pip install