制作SD卡启动文件系统

制作SD卡启动文件系统

【1】对SD卡分区

按飞思卡尔文档列出的分区表用fdisk分区:

 

Partition Type/Index	Name	Start Offset	Size	File System	Content
N/A	BOOT	0	10MB	N/A	bootloader/kernel/uramdisk images
Primary 1	MEDIA	10MB	User Defined	VFAT. Mount as /sdcards	Media file storage
Primary 2	SYSTEM	follow MEDIA	>= 200MB	EXT4. Mount as /system (with read only)	Android system bin/libs (system.img)
Logic 5 (Extended 3)	DATA	follow SYSTEM	> 200MB	EXT4. Mount as /data	Android data (e.g. installed app)
Logic 6 (Extended 3)	CACHE	follow DATA	> 10MB	EXT4. Mount as /cache	Android cache
Primary 4	RECOVERY	follow CACHE	> 20MB	EXT4. Mount as / in recovery mode	Root file system for recovery mode (recovery.img)

To create these partitions, you can simply use MFG tool described in next section, or use fdisk utility on Linux PC.

After creating the partitions by fdisk, please format each file systems by the following commands:

 

hui@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

 

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

         sectors (command 'u').

 

#先查看分区

Command (m for help): p

#显示有一个分区sdb1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1        1937    15554048    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)

 

#删除分区

Command (m for help): d

Selected partition 1

 

Command (m for help): p    #查看分区

 .....

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

 #可见,已经无分区存在

 

#开始分区

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p    #选择主分区

Partition number (1-4): 1                   #分第一个分区

First cylinder (1-1936, default 1): +10M    #预留10兆空间

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1936, default 1936): +14000M           #主分区1占14000兆空间

 

#分第二个主分区

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p    #选择p分主分区

Partition number (1-4): 2          #分区2

First cylinder (1787-1936, default 1787):

Using default value 1787

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1787-1936, default 1936): +200M         #主分区2占200兆空间

 

#分第三个分区

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

e                #选择e分扩展分区

Partition number (1-4): 3          #分区3

First cylinder (1813-1936, default 1813):

Using default value 1813

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1813-1936, default 1936): +320M         #分配320兆空间

 

#分第四个分区(主分区)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   l   logical (5 or over)

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p       #主分区类型

Selected partition 4

First cylinder (1855-1936, default 1855):

Using default value 1855

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1855-1936, default 1936):

Using default value 1936

 

 

#分第五个分区(扩展分区)

Command (m for help): n

First cylinder (1813-1854, default 1813):

Using default value 1813

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1813-1854, default 1854): +300M

#分第六个分区(扩展分区)

Command (m for help): n

First cylinder (1852-1854, default 1852):

Using default value 1852

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1852-1854, default 1854):

Using default value 1854

 

Command (m for help): p    #查看分区

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 15.9 GB, 15931539456 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1936 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1        1786    14346013+  83  Linux

/dev/sdb2            1787        1812      208845   83  Linux

/dev/sdb3            1813        1854      337365    5  Extended

/dev/sdb4            1855        1936      658665   83  Linux

/dev/sdb5            1813        1851      313236   83  Linux

/dev/sdb6            1852        1854       24066   83  Linux

 

Command (m for help): w        #保存分区信息,退出

The partition table has been altered!

 

【2】分区完成后,下一步格式化:

sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1 sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2 -O ^extent -L system sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb4 -O ^extent -L recovery sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb5 -O ^extent -L data sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb6 -O ^extent -L cache

 

【3】把uboot,kernel,ramdisk,system文件同步到SD卡里:

sudo dd if=u-boot.bin of=/dev/sdb bs=1K skip=1 seek=1; sync sudo dd if=uImage of=/dev/sdb bs=1M seek=1; sync sudo dd if=uramdisk.img of=/dev/sdb bs=1M seek=6; sync sudo dd if=system.img of=/dev/sdb2; sync sudo dd if=recovery.img of=/dev/sdb4; sync